Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies on the zona-reticularis cells of the adrenal cortex of normal and 3-methylcholanthrene-treated mice

1985 ◽  
Vol 83 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
M. Usa ◽  
K. Ishimura ◽  
H. Fujita ◽  
S. Sugano ◽  
M. Okamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Reticularis ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

PROPERTIES OF RAT ADRENAL ZONA RETICULARIS CELLS: PRODUCTION AND STIMULATION OF CERTAIN STEROIDS

1979 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. G. BELL ◽  
R. P. GOULD ◽  
P. J. HYATT ◽  
J. F. TAIT ◽  
S. A. S. TAIT
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Acth Stimulation ◽  
Specific Stimulus ◽  
Zona Reticularis ◽  
Cell Pool ◽  
Stimulation Of

The outputs of corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone and androstenedione from dispersed, purified rat adrenal zona reticularis and zona fasciculata cells have been measured by radioimmunoassay. Preferential production of deoxycorticosterone by zona reticularis cells was demonstrated by their higher basal deoxycorticosterone: corticosterone ratio when compared with zona fasciculata cells. Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) stimulated corticosterone output by all cell pools prepared by unit gravity (1 g) sedimentation, zona fasciculata cells being stimulated 130-fold compared with 20-fold for the zona reticularis cells in relation to their basal corticosterone output. In every cell pool, ACTH stimulated the output of corticosterone more than it stimulated the output of deoxycorticosterone. In parallel cell preparations, it was shown that ACTH increased the conversion of tracer amounts of radioactive deoxycorticosterone to corticosterone and decreased the conversion of radioactive corticosterone to 11-dehydrocorticosterone. Adrenocorticotrophin did not increase the conversion of radioactive deoxycorticosterone to total 11-oxygenated steroids (corticosterone+ 11-dehydrocorticosterone). It is unlikely therefore that ACTH stimulates 11 β-hydroxylation. Data indicate that the ratio of deoxycorticosterone to total 11-oxygenated steroids (corticosterone +11-dehydrocorticosterone) is characteristic for each cell type, and that this ratio will be relatively independent of ACTH stimulation or the amount of pregnenolone substrate available. Basal androstenedione outputs were similar for both types of cell, and ACTH stimulation was very small, being slightly greater for zona fasciculata than for zona reticularis cells. The contribution of the zona reticularis cells to the basal output of any steroid by the cells of the inner two zones of the adrenal cortex of the rat was relatively small (20% for deoxycorticosterone and 10% for corticosterone) and was even less after stimulation by ACTH. Unless a specific stimulus can be found, therefore, a significant role for the zona reticularis cannot yet be established.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF PEROXISOMES IN THE RAT ADRENAL CORTEX

1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARGARET E. BEARD
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Staining Reaction ◽  
Dense Matrix ◽  
Zona Reticularis ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Branched Structures ◽  
Electron Dense Matrix

Organelles with the ultrastructure and cytochemical characteristics of peroxisomes (microbodies) have been identified in cells of the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis of the rat adrenal cortex. These peroxisomes appear as small, elliptical to spherical or branched structures, enclosed by a single membrane and composed of a moderately electron-dense matrix. They do not possess a nucleoid or core of the type found in peroxisomes of liver and kidney. These organelles show a strongly positive staining reaction with the diaminobenzidine technique for peroxidatic activity of catalase. This staining is inhibited by aminotriazole. In cytochemical preparations revealing acid phosphatase activity, lysosomes are strongly stained and peroxisomes are free of reaction product.

Basal steroid production by the zona reticularis of the guinea-pig adrenal cortex

1983 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Davison ◽  
D.M. Large ◽  
D.C. Anderson ◽  
W.R. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
Zona Reticularis

Leptin receptors in the adrenal medulla of the rat

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (2) ◽  
pp. E448-E452 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Y. Cao ◽  
R. V. Considine ◽  
R. B. Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Adrenal Medulla ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Protein Product ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Receptor Mrna ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

Leptin is the protein product of the recently cloned obesity gene. Leptin receptor mRNA is found in a number of central and peripheral locations. The hypothalamus is a presumed site of action. However, little is known about the specific locations of the receptor in peripheral organs. Epinephrine has potent anorectic effects and can cause weight loss by a variety of mechanisms. Excretion of epinephrine is reduced in the ob/ob mouse, which lacks leptin, suggesting an effect by leptin on the adrenal medulla. In the current study, the presence of the leptin receptor was identified on epinephrine-secreting cells in the adrenal medulla. Immunohistochemical studies found dense leptin receptor-like immunoreactivity in the adrenal medulla with no labeling in the adrenal cortex. Double immunofluorescent labeling confirmed that the leptin receptor was present on cells that were phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase-like immunoreactive and therefore were epinephrine-secreting cells. Leptin receptor mRNA in the adrenal medulla was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, with the majority of the mRNA coding for the short isoform (Ob-Ra) of the receptor. Finally, autoradiography was performed using 125I-labeled leptin; specific binding was found in the adrenal medulla, with no specific binding in the adrenal cortex. These results suggest that leptin may have a direct effect on epinephrine-secreting cells in the adrenal medulla. Epinephrine may play a role in mediating the effects of leptin to reduce body weight.

scholarly journals Adrenal Gland Toxicity: Chemically Induced Dysfunction

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Colby
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Covalent Binding ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Zona Reticularis ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Endocrine Organs

Among the endocrine organs, the adrenal cortex appears to be the most vulnerable to chemically induced injury. A wide variety of chemicals has been found to cause morphological or functional lesions in the gland. Some of the lesions are highly localized to specific anatomical zones of the adrenal cortex, and the resulting functional deficits depend on the physiological role(s) of the zone affected. In addition, metabolic activation is an important factor contributing to the gland's vulnerability to chemical injury. For example, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) causes adrenocortical necrosis, but only of the innermost zone of the gland, the zona reticularis. The apparent reason for the localized effect of CCl4 in the adrenal cortex is that only the cells of the zona reticularis have the enzymatic capacity to activate CCl4, resulting in lipid peroxidation and covalent binding to cellular macromolecules. By contrast, the mineralocorticoid antagonist, spironolactone, causes functional lesions in the adrenal cortex that are limited to the middle zone of the gland, the zona fasciculata. The explanation again involves metabolic activation; only the zona fasciculata converts spironolactone to a highly reactive metabolite that effects the destruction of several enzymes that are required for steroid hormone synthesis. These findings indicate that bioactivation plays a critical role in the mechanism(s) of action of various toxic agents on the adrenal cortex and also may be responsible for the anatomically localized effects of many chemicals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ki-67 antigen expression in the zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex of female rats in persistent estrus

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. da Silva ◽  
P. V. Lopes-Costa ◽  
A. R. dos Santos ◽  
C. G. Pires ◽  
C. S. Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Zona Reticularis ◽  
Persistent Estrus

scholarly journals Adrenocortical zonation in chamois-coloured mastomys, Praomys coucha

1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Tanaka ◽  
Manabu Nozaki ◽  
Akio Matsuzawa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Strain Difference ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Zona Reticularis

Body and adrenal weights, and histology of the adrenal cortex were examined in the chamois-coloured mastomys ( Praomys coucha) at inbred generations 3 to 10. Body and adrenal weights were consistently larger in males than in females, although the adrenal to body weight ratios tended to be lower before 50 days of age and were clearly higher after. Distinct sex differences were found in the adrenal cortex. The whole cortex and the zona reticularis were thicker in males and the zona reticularis became thicker in males, but thinner in females with age. The border zone characteristics of females of the wild-coloured mastomys strain, was not formed in the chamois-coloured strain. This was a very unique, interesting strain difference. Comparative studies of both strains may contribute to elucidation of the mechanism of border zone formation in the mastomys adrenal cortex.

scholarly journals Biochemical and immunohistochemical studies of glutathione peroxidase in the rat adrenal cortex.

1981 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASANORI MURAKOSHI ◽  
R. YOSHIYUKI OSAMURA ◽  
SHINICHI YOSHIMURA ◽  
SHINICHI IZUMI ◽  
NORIYUKI KOMATSU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies
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