Assessment of N2 fixation in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) and their relative N contribution to a succeeding maize crop in Northern Ghana

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix D. Dakora ◽  
Roland A. Aboyinga ◽  
Yahaya Mahama ◽  
James Apaseku
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Heritability and Correlation for Nitrogen (N2) Fixation and Related Traits in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1956-1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sikinarum . ◽  
P. Jaisil . ◽  
S. Jogloy . ◽  
B. Toomsan . ◽  
T. Kesmala . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Survey of Weeds and Management Practices in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in the Savanna Ecology of Ghana1

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. Dzomeku ◽  
M. Abudulai ◽  
R. L. Brandenburg ◽  
D. L. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Vernonia Galamensis ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Tridax Procumbens

Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the most popular legume cultivated for food and cash in the Guinea and Sudan savannah ecologies of northern Ghana. A three-year survey was conducted between 2003 and 2005 to: (1) document the prevalence of weed species, (2) determine current cropping systems and weed management practices, and (3) assess the response of peanut to weed management practices. Flora with more than 5% dominance included: (1) the dicotyledonous weeds, Corchorus olitorius L. Commelina benghalensis L., Commelina diffusa Burm., f, Desmodium scorpluras (Sw.) Desv., Hyptis suoveolens Poit., Mimosa invisa Mart., Mimosa pigra L., Mitracarpus villosus (Sw.) DC., Oldenlandia corymbosa L., Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn., Scoparia dulcis L., Tridax procumbens L., Triumfeta cordiflora A. Rich., and Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Less.; (2) the monocotyledonous weeds Axonopus compresus (Sw.) P. Beauv., Cyperus esculentus L., Cyperus rotundus L., Digitaria horizontalisWilld., Eragrostis tremula Hochst. Ex Steud., Hackelochloa granularis (L.) O. Ktze., Kyllinga erecta Schumach. Var., Kyllinga squamulata Thonn. Ex Vahl., Paspalum scrobiculatum L., Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton, and Setaria pallide-fusca (Schum.) Stapf. & C.E. Hubbard; and (3) the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. Land preparation practices included the use of tractors, followed by use of livestock, and lastly hand preparation. Cropping systems consisted of cereals preceding peanut, peanut preceding peanut, and intercropping peanut with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.), millet (Pennisetum Americanum L.), or corn (Zea mays L.). Genetically-improved peanut cultivars expressing bunch or erect growth habits were the most common cultivars although some farmers planted local cultivars expressing a distinct runner growth habit. The majority of farmers planted peanut from early June to early July based on rainfall pattern. Eighty-eight percent of peanut fields were hand weeded once, 3 to 5 weeks after planting (WAP) or twice, 2 to 3 and 5 to 6 WAP. Weed management was generally poorly timed and insufficient to prevent significant weed interference resulting in total oven-dried weed biomass ranging from 600 to 2400 kg/ha at harvest. Peanut haulm production ranged from 500 to 5500 kg/ha with improved cultivars. Pod yield production ranged from 200 to 1680 kg/ha. Results from this survey revealed the need for accelerated research and capacity building of farmers and agricultural extension agents for improved technology transfer to the peanut industry in the region.

scholarly journals Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) growing in Ethiopia are nodulated by diverse rhizobia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 200-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Degefu Tulu ◽  
Wolde-meskel Endalkachew ◽  
Ataro Zikie ◽  
Fikre Asnake ◽  
Amede Tilahun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Rhizoctonia solani isolates to fungicides and evaluation of peanut cultivars to Rhizoctonia limb rot1

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Barnes ◽  
A. S. Csinos ◽  
W. D. Branch
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Peanut Cultivars

Abstract Twenty-one isolates were made from typical Rhizoctonia limb rot lesions of Florunner peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) and one each from a peanut pod and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata Walp.). Isolates of Rhizoctonia solani were characterized for sensitivity to three sterol-inhibiting fungicides, PCNB and chlorothalonil. Diniconazole, cyproconazole, and tebuconazole were the most effective inhibitors of radial growth, with a mean EC50 of 0.028, 0.056, and 0.166 μg/μL, respectively. EC50s for PCNB and chlorothalonil were 4.06 and 4.85 μg/mL, respectively. A technique to reproduce the disease in the greenhouse was developed and used to evaluate 18 peanut cultivars for resistance to limb inoculation with R. solani. NC 6, NC 7, New Mexico Valencia A, and Florunner were the most susceptible cultivars based on lesion length. Wounding before inoculation resulted in significantly increased lesion length for 15 of 18 cultivars. In a three-year (1986–88) field trial, NC 6, Florigiant, and NC 7 were the most susceptible cultivars, while VA 81B and Toalson appeared to be the most resistant.

Effect of rotation and inoculation with Bradyrhizobium on nitrogen fixation and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L., cv. Virginia Bunch)

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 595 ◽  
Author(s):  
MB Peoples ◽  
MJ Bell ◽  
HVA Bushby
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation ◽  
Rotational Systems ◽  
Moisture Conditions

The effect of different rotational systems on symbiotic N2 fixation by, and yield of, peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. Virginia Bunch) was determined over two growing seasons in southern Queensland. Estimates of N2fixation were obtained with the 15N natural abundance procedure by using a non-nodulating peanut genotype as a non-N2-fixing reference plant. Three rotational treatments were compared in both years. Crops were rainfed and dependent solely upon indigenous rhizobia for nodulation in the first season, but in the second, supplementary irrigation was supplied and portions of the trial were inoculated with three different rhizobial strains. Dry matter, crop N and pod yield were greatest in both years following a period of grass ley and lowest in a continuous peanut system. However, the proportion of the crop N derived from N2 fixation (PN2) was the same across all rotational and inoculation treatments, despite pre-sowing differences in the levels of soil nitrate and numbers of native rhizobia, and despite seasonal differences in the amounts of N mineralized. Proportions and amounts of N2 fixed were lower (22-31% and 32-57 kg N/ha, respectively) during the first year than under the better moisture conditions and lower concentrations of soil nitrate that prevailed in following season (44-48s and 82-120 kg N/ha). A greater proportion of fixed N was located in the pods and kernels (PN2 62-70%) than in the supporting shoot (PN2 13-21%) in the second year. When estimates of N2 fixation were compared with N removal in the pods at harvest, the net N balance suggested that soil N reserves had been depleted by 27-37 kg N/ha as a result of that season's peanut cropping.

Effect of Drought Stress on Traits Related to N2 Fixation in Eleven Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes Differing in Degrees of Resistance to Drought

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumran Pimratch ◽  
Sanun Jogloy ◽  
Nimitr Vorasoot ◽  
Banyong Toomsan ◽  
Thawan Kesmala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L
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