Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of forearm flexor muscles in student rowers using an exercise protocol adjusted for differences in cross-sectional muscle area

1992 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Nishida ◽  
Hirotaka Nishijima ◽  
Kazuya Yonezawa ◽  
Isao Sato ◽  
Teisuke Anzai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor

Cognitive Performance and Neuro-Metabolites in HIV using 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Cross-Sectional Study from India

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik Gupta ◽  
Shivabalan ◽  
Virendra Kumar ◽  
Surabhi Vyas ◽  
RM Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total N ◽  
Simple Motor

Background: Cognitive impairment in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with higher morbidity. The prevalence of and the metabolite changes in the brain associated with cognitive impairment in anti-retroviral therapy naïve patients with HIV is unknown. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of, and the neurometabolites associated with cognitive impairment in antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve patients with HIV. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among ART naïve patients with HIV aged 18-50 years in a tertiary care center in India. Cognition was tested using the Post Graduate Institute battery of brain dysfunction across five domains; memory, attentioninformation processing, abstraction executive, complex perceptual, and simple motor skills. We assessed the total N-acetyl aspartyl (tNAA), creatine (tCr) and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) using 3T magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cognitive impairment was defined as an impairment in ≥2 domains. Results: Among 43 patients eligible for this study, the median age was 32 years (IQR 29, 40) and 30% were women. Median CD4 count and viral load were 317 cells/µL (IQR 157, 456) and 9.3 copies/ µL (IQR 1.4, 38), respectively. Impairment in at least one cognitive domain was present in 32 patients (74.4%). Impairment in simple motor skills and memory was present in 46.5% and 44% of patients, respectively. Cognitive impairment, defined by impairment in ≥2 domains, was found in 22 (51.2%) patients. There was a trend towards higher concentration of tNAA (7.3 vs. 7.0 mmol/kg), tGlx (9.1 vs. 8.2 mmol/kg), and tCr (5.5 vs. 5.2 mmol/kg) in the frontal lobe of patients with cognitive impairment vs. without cognitive impairment but it did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05 for all). There was no difference in the concentration of these metabolites in the two groups in the basal ganglia. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of cognitive impairment in ART naïve patients with HIV. There is no difference in metabolites in patients with or without cognitive impairment. Further studies, with longitudinal follow-up, are required to understand the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.

scholarly journals Cortical GABA in migraine with aura -an ultrashort echo magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias G. Stærmose ◽  
Marie K. Knudsen ◽  
Helge Kasch ◽  
Jakob U. Blicher
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Inhibitory System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Scanner ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations

Abstract Objective The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the cortical metabolite concentrations in patients suffering from migraine with aura (MWA). We hypothesized that occipital γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels are lower in MWA patients. Background Recent studies have indicated that a disturbance in the inhibitory GABA is involved in triggering the migraine aura. We aimed to explore this using a novel magnetic resonance spectroscopy sequence. Methods Using spin echo full intensity acquired localized spectroscopy on a Siemens 3 Tesla magnetic resonance scanner, we obtained occipital and parietal metabolite concentrations in 14 patients suffering from migraine with aura and a group of 16 matched healthy subjects. All scans were performed at Aarhus University Hospital, at the Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN). Results No difference was found in GABA/(Total creatine) levels in either the occipital cortex (p = 0.744) or in the somatosensory cortex (p = 0.305). Conclusion These findings indicate that cortical GABA levels are normal in patients suffering from relatively few migraine attacks. Previous studies have reported that cortical GABA in patients with more frequent migraines is reduced; further investigation of the inhibitory system in migraine patients is warranted to determine the underlying mechanisms.

Skeletal muscle metabolism during short-term, high-intensity exercise in prepubertal and pubertal girls

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 2151-2156 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Petersen ◽  
C. A. Gaul ◽  
M. M. Stanton ◽  
C. C. Hanstock
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Supramaximal Exercise ◽  
Glycolytic Metabolism ◽  
Cross Sectional

To test the hypothesis that glycolytic metabolism in muscle is attenuated in prepubertal children,31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to determine calf muscle intracellular pH (pHi) in nine prepubertal (Pre) and nine pubertal female swimmers (Pub). Maximal plantar flexion work capacity (100% MWC) was established by using a graded exercise test. Between 5 and 10 days later, calf muscle images (magnetic resonance imaging) and phosphorus spectra were acquired at rest, during 2 min of light exercise (40% MWC), and during 2 min of supramaximal exercise (140% MWC) in a 3.0-T NMR system. End-exercise pHi was 6.66 ± 0.11 and 6.76 ± 0.17 for Pub and Pre, respectively. No significant differences in the mean values for pHi or the Pi-to-phosphocreatine ratio were observed between groups during the protocol; however, an interaction effect was found for the Pi-to-phosphocreatine ratio during the supramaximal exercise challenge. Cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius was 15.12 ± 0.46 and 9.37 ± 0.37 cm2 for Pub and Pre, respectively ( P < 0.05). Differences in muscle size must be considered when interpreting the unlocalized magnetic resonance spectroscopy data. These results suggest that glycolytic metabolism in physically active children is not maturity dependent.

Comparative analysis of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in children and adults: a 31P-MRS study

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 720-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Ratel ◽  
Anne Tonson ◽  
Yann Le Fur ◽  
Patrick Cozzone ◽  
David Bendahan
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor

The aim of the present study was to compare the oxidative capacity of the forearm flexor muscles in vivo between children and adults using 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Seven boys (11.7 ± 0.6 y) and 10 men (35.6 ± 7.8 year) volunteered to perform a 3 min dynamic finger flexions exercise against a standardized weight (15% of the maximal voluntary contraction). Muscle oxidative capacity was quantified on the basis of phosphocreatine (PCr) post-exercise recovery kinetics analysis. End-of-exercise pH was not significantly different between children and adults (6.6 ± 0.2 vs. 6.5 ± 0.2), indicating that indices of PCr recovery kinetics can be reliably compared. The rate constant of PCr recovery (kPCr) and the maximum rate of aerobic ATP production were about 2-fold higher in young boys than in men (kPCr: 1.7 ± 1.2 vs. 0.7 ± 0.2 min–1; Vmax: 49.7 ± 24.6 vs. 29.4 ± 7.9 mmol·L–1·min–1, p < 0.05). Our results clearly illustrate a greater mitochondrial oxidative capacity in the forearm flexor muscles of young children. This larger ATP regeneration capacity through aerobic mechanisms in children could be one of the factors accounting for their greater resistance to fatigue during high-intensity intermittent exercise.

Wrist flexor muscles of elite rowers measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 926-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. McCully ◽  
B. P. Boden ◽  
M. Tuchler ◽  
M. R. Fountain ◽  
B. Chance
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Initial Slope ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Wrist Flexor ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Ramp Exercise

We used phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study skeletal muscle metabolism of trained vs. untrained humans. The forearms of highly trained rowers (n = 10) and age-matched controls were placed in a 1.9-T magnet so that the wrist flexor muscles were placed over a 4-cm transmitting and receiving coil. The subjects performed work by depressing a handle attached to an isokinetic ergometer. Relative concentrations of Pi, phosphocreatine (PCr), and ATP were measured along with intracellular pH. Measurements were made at rest, during steady-state and ramp exercise protocols, and during recovery from exercise. At rest the rowers had Pi/PCr that were not different from control. During steady-state exercise rowers (n = 4) had lower Pi/PCr at the same relative power levels, and the slope of the power vs. Pi-PCr curve was significantly greater than for controls. Rowers (n = 4) also had faster rates of PCr recovery after exercise than controls (T1/2 of 24 +/- 2.0 s for rowers and 47 +/- 8.4 s for controls) when power level was adjusted so that all subjects recovered from the same level of Pi/PCr. During a ramp exercise protocol, the initial slope of the power vs. Pi-PCr curve was greater in three of six rowers compared with controls and at the highest power level rowers had lower Pi/PCr values with less drop in pH. At the end of the ramp test, the same degree of muscle fatigue was associated with much lower levels of H2PO-4 (5.7 +/- 0.70 mM) in rowers compared with controls (13.0 +/- 1.8 mM).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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