Comparative analysis of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in children and adults: a 31P-MRS study

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 720-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Ratel ◽  
Anne Tonson ◽  
Yann Le Fur ◽  
Patrick Cozzone ◽  
David Bendahan
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor

The aim of the present study was to compare the oxidative capacity of the forearm flexor muscles in vivo between children and adults using 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Seven boys (11.7 ± 0.6 y) and 10 men (35.6 ± 7.8 year) volunteered to perform a 3 min dynamic finger flexions exercise against a standardized weight (15% of the maximal voluntary contraction). Muscle oxidative capacity was quantified on the basis of phosphocreatine (PCr) post-exercise recovery kinetics analysis. End-of-exercise pH was not significantly different between children and adults (6.6 ± 0.2 vs. 6.5 ± 0.2), indicating that indices of PCr recovery kinetics can be reliably compared. The rate constant of PCr recovery (kPCr) and the maximum rate of aerobic ATP production were about 2-fold higher in young boys than in men (kPCr: 1.7 ± 1.2 vs. 0.7 ± 0.2 min–1; Vmax: 49.7 ± 24.6 vs. 29.4 ± 7.9 mmol·L–1·min–1, p < 0.05). Our results clearly illustrate a greater mitochondrial oxidative capacity in the forearm flexor muscles of young children. This larger ATP regeneration capacity through aerobic mechanisms in children could be one of the factors accounting for their greater resistance to fatigue during high-intensity intermittent exercise.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous effects of old age on human muscle oxidative capacity in vivo: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1137-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam F. Fitzgerald ◽  
Anita D. Christie ◽  
Jane A. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Study Results

Despite intensive efforts to understand the extent to which skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity changes in older humans, the answer to this important question remains unclear. To determine what the preponderance of evidence from in vivo studies suggests, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of age on muscle oxidative capacity as measured noninvasively by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A secondary aim was to examine potential moderators contributing to differences in results across studies, including muscle group, physical activity status, and sex. Candidate papers were identified from PubMed searches (n = 3561 papers) and the reference lists of relevant papers. Standardized effects (Hedges’ g) were calculated for age and each moderator using data from the 22 studies that met the inclusion criteria (n = 28 effects). Effects were coded as positive when older (age, ≥55 years) adults had higher muscle oxidative capacity than younger (age, 20–45 years) adults. The overall effect of age on oxidative capacity was positive (g = 0.171, p < 0.001), indicating modestly greater oxidative capacity in old. Notably, there was significant heterogeneity in this result (Q = 245.8, p < 0.001; I2 = ∼70%–90%). Muscle group, physical activity, and sex were all significant moderators of oxidative capacity (p ≤ 0.029). This analysis indicates that the current body of literature does not support a de facto decrease of in vivo muscle oxidative capacity in old age. The heterogeneity of study results and identification of significant moderators provide clarity regarding apparent discrepancies in the literature, and indicate the importance of accounting for these variables when examining purported age-related differences in muscle oxidative capacity.

scholarly journals High-intensity interval training increases in vivo oxidative capacity with no effect on Pi→ATP rate in resting human muscle

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (5) ◽  
pp. R333-R342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan G. Larsen ◽  
Douglas E. Befroy ◽  
Jane A. Kent-Braun
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Mitochondrial ATP production is vital for meeting cellular energy demand at rest and during periods of high ATP turnover. We hypothesized that high-intensity interval training (HIT) would increase ATP flux in resting muscle ( V Pi→ATP) in response to a single bout of exercise, whereas changes in the capacity for oxidative ATP production ( V max) would require repeated bouts. Eight untrained men (27 ± 4 yr; peak oxygen uptake = 36 ± 4 ml·kg−1·min−1) performed six sessions of HIT (4–6 × 30-s bouts of all-out cycling with 4-min recovery). After standardized meals and a 10-h fast, V Pi→ATP and V max of the vastus lateralis muscle were measured using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 4 Tesla. Measurements were obtained at baseline, 15 h after the first training session, and 15 h after completion of the sixth session. V Pi→ATP was determined from the unidirectional flux between Pi and ATP, using the saturation transfer technique. The rate of phosphocreatine recovery ( k PCr) following a maximal contraction was used to calculate V max. While k PCr and V max were unchanged after a single session of HIT, completion of six training sessions resulted in a ∼14% increase in muscle oxidative capacity ( P ≤ 0.004). In contrast, neither a single nor six training sessions altered V Pi→ATP ( P = 0.74). This novel analysis of resting and maximal high-energy phosphate kinetics in vivo in response to HIT provides evidence that distinct aspects of human skeletal muscle metabolism respond differently to this type of training.

scholarly journals Muscle energetics changes throughout maturation: a quantitative 31P-MRS analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 1769-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Tonson ◽  
Sébastien Ratel ◽  
Yann Le Fur ◽  
Christophe Vilmen ◽  
Patrick J. Cozzone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Muscle Energetics ◽  
Atp Production

We quantified energy production in 7 prepubescent boys (11.7 ± 0.6 yr) and 10 men (35.6 ± 7.8 yr) using 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate whether development affects muscle energetics, given that resistance to fatigue has been reported to be larger before puberty. Each subject performed a finger flexions exercise at 0.7 Hz against a weight adjusted to 15% of their maximal voluntary strength for 3 min, followed by a 15-min recovery period. The total energy cost was similar in both groups throughout the exercise bout, whereas the interplay of the different metabolic pathways was different. At the onset of exercise, children exhibited a higher oxidative contribution (50 ± 15% in boys and 25 ± 8% in men, P < 0.05) to ATP production, whereas the phosphocreatine breakdown contribution was reduced (40 ± 10% in boys and 53 ± 12% in men, P < 0.05), likely as a compensatory mechanism. The anaerobic glycolysis activity was unaffected by maturation. The recovery phase also disclosed differences regarding the rates of proton efflux (6.2 ± 2.5 vs. 3.8 ± 1.9 mM·pH unit−1·min−1, in boys and men, respectively, P < 0.05), and phosphocreatine recovery, which was significantly faster in boys than in men (rate constant of phosphocreatine recovery: 1.3 ± 0.5 vs. 0.7 ± 0.4 min−1; Vmax: 37.5 ± 14.5 vs. 21.1 ± 12.2 mM/min, in boys and men, respectively, P < 0.05). Our results obtained in vivo clearly showed that maturation affects muscle energetics. Children relied more on oxidative metabolism and less on creatine kinase reaction to meet energy demand during exercise. This phenomenon can be explained by a greater oxidative capacity, probably linked to a higher relative content in slow-twitch fibers before puberty.

scholarly journals Poor Mitochondrial Health and Systemic Inflammation? Testing of a Classical Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
Marta Zampino ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci ◽  
Richard Spencer ◽  
Kenneth Fishbein ◽  
Eleanor Simonsick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Severe Impairment

Abstract Chronic low-grade inflammation often occurs with aging and has been associated with negative health outcomes. Despite extensive research on the origins of “inflammaging”, the causative mechanisms remain unclear. However, a connection between poor mitochondrial health and chronic inflammation has been hypothesized, with decreasing mitochondrial function occurring with age and precipitating an increase in reactive oxygen species and other pro-inflammatory macromolecules such as mitochondrial DNA. We tested this hypothesis on a population of 619 subjects from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, measuring muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity in vivo by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (P-MRS), and plasma interleukin (IL)-6, the most widely used biomarker of inflammaging. The P-MRS-derived post-exercise phosphocreatine recovery time constant tau-PCr, a measure of oxidative capacity, was expressed as a categorical variable through assignment to quintiles. Participants in the first quintile of tau-PCr (best mitochondrial function) were taken as reference and compared to the others using linear regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, lean and fat body mass, and physical activity. Those participants with the lowest oxidative capacity had significantly higher log(IL-6) levels as compared to the reference group. However, data from the other quintiles was not significantly different from the reference values. In conclusion, severe impairment of oxidative capacity is associated with increased inflammation. This study design does not provide conclusive evidence of whether increased inflammation and impaired bioenergetic recovery are both caused by underlying poor health status, or whether mitochondrial deficits lead directly to the observed inflammation; we anticipate addressing this important question with longitudinal studies.

Metformin severely impairs in vivo muscle oxidative capacity in a rat model of type 2 diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine J Prompers ◽  
Bart Wessels ◽  
Jolita Ciapaite ◽  
Klaas Nicolay
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Muscle Oxidative Capacity

scholarly journals Effect of muscle action and metabolic strain on oxidative metabolic responses in human skeletal muscle

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1768-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Combs ◽  
A. H. Aletras ◽  
R. S. Balaban
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Atp Hydrolysis ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Action ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Muscle Actions

A recent report suggests that differences in aerobic capacity exist between concentric and eccentric muscle action in human muscle (T. W. Ryschon, M. D. Fowler, R. E. Wysong, A. R. Anthony, and R. S. Balaban. J. Appl. Physiol. 83: 867–874, 1997). This study compared oxidative response, in the form of phosphocreatine (PCr) resynthesis rates, with matched levels of metabolic strain (i.e., changes in ADP concentration or the free energy of ATP hydrolysis) in tibialis anterior muscle exercised with either muscle action in vivo ( n = 7 subjects). Exercise was controlled and metabolic strain measured by a dynamometer and 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. Metabolic strain was varied to bring cytosolic ADP concentration up to 55 μM or decrease the free energy of ATP hydrolysis to −55 kJ/mol with no change in cytoplasmic pH. PCr resynthesis rates after exercise ranged from 31.9 to 462.5 and from 21.4 to 405.4 μmol PCr/s for concentric and eccentric action, respectively. PCr resynthesis rates as a function of metabolic strain were not significantly different between muscle actions ( P > 0.40), suggesting that oxidative capacity is dependent on metabolic strain, not muscle action. Pooled data were found to more closely conform to previous biochemical measurements when a term for increasing oxidative capacity with metabolic strain was added to models of respiratory control.

scholarly journals THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MODERATE-TO-VIGOROUS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MUSCLE OXIDATIVE CAPACITY IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S84-S85
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Adelnia ◽  
Jacek Urbanek ◽  
Yusuke Osawa ◽  
Michelle Shardell ◽  
Eleanor M Simonsick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Age-related decline in muscle oxidative capacity negatively affects muscle function and mobility, which may lead to disability and frailty. Whether exercise and other life-style practices reduce age-related decline in muscle oxidative capacity is unclear. We assessed whether, after accounting for age, higher daily physical activity levels are associated with greater muscle oxidative capacity. Participants included 384 adults (54.7% women) aged 22 to 92 years from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Muscle oxidative capacity was measured in vivo using phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We determined the time constant for phosphocreatine recovery (τPCr, in seconds) after exercise, with lower values of τPCr reflecting greater oxidative capacity. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed using accelerometers that participants wore for 5.9 ± 0.9 consecutive days in the free-living environment. In linear regression models, older age was associated with higher τPCr (β = 0.39, p-value &lt;.001) after adjusting for sex, race, height and weight. After including MVPA as an independent variable, the standardized regression coefficient for age was attenuated by 40% to 0.22. p-value &lt;.001). MVPA was strongly associated with lower τPCr (β = -0.33, p-value &lt;.001) after adjusting for health status, education and smoking history and was only attenuated by 3% after additional adjustment for age. These results suggest that MVPA is strongly associated with muscle oxidative capacity independent of age, providing mechanistic insights into the health benefits of daily physical activity in older persons.

scholarly journals Bilateral Variation of Forearm Flexor Muscles - A Case Report and Clinical Significance

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 040-043
Author(s):  
D. Malar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Finger ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Profundus ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Forearm Flexor Muscles ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Forearm Flexor

AbstractDuring routine dissection, bilateral multiple variations of forearm flexor muscles were observed in a male cadaver. The variations were a) an additional belly arising from the coronoid process of ulna, distal to the origin of ulnar head of flexor digitorum superficialis, passing deep to flexor digitorum superficialis and joining the tendon of flexor digitorum profundus to the middle finger; b) an additional belly arising from the distal part of flexor carpi ulnaris and passing superficial to ulnar nerve and ulnar vessels in the Guyon's canal and c) the origin of second lumbricals from the profundus tendon in the carpal tunnel. An aberrant muscle may stimulate a ganglion or a soft tissue tumor or if in close proximity to a nerve, it may cause pressure neuritis. Identification of these variations is important in defining the anatomical features for clinical diagnosis and surgical procedures.

Extracting and Classifying Spatial Muscle Activation Patterns in Forearm Flexor Muscles Using High-Density Electromyogram Recordings

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenyun Dai ◽  
Xiaogang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
High Density ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Finger Movement ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor Muscles ◽  
Forearm Flexor

The human hand is capable of producing versatile yet precise movements largely owing to the complex neuromuscular systems that control our finger movement. This study seeks to quantify the spatial activation patterns of the forearm flexor muscles during individualized finger flexions. High-density (HD) surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals of forearm flexor muscles were obtained, and individual motor units were decomposed from the sEMG. Both macro-level spatial patterns of EMG activity and micro-level motor unit distributions were used to systematically characterize the forearm flexor activation patterns. Different features capturing the spatial patterns were extracted, and the unique patterns of forearm flexor activation were then quantified using pattern recognition approaches. We found that the forearm flexor spatial activation during the ring finger flexion was mostly distinct from other fingers, whereas the activation patterns of the middle finger were least distinguishable. However, all the different activation patterns can still be classified in high accuracy (94–100%) using pattern recognition. Our findings indicate that the partial overlapping of neural activation can limit accurate identification of specific finger movement based on limited recordings and sEMG features, and that HD sEMG recordings capturing detailed spatial activation patterns at both macro- and micro-levels are needed.

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