Onsager reciprocity relations for a nonlinear functional dependence of the thermodynamic forces and fluxes

1969 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1496-1497
Author(s):  
P. P. Barashev
Keyword(s):  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Nonlinear Functional ◽  
Onsager Reciprocity ◽  
Reciprocity Relations ◽  
Thermodynamic Forces

scholarly journals Electro-Osmotic Behavior of Polymeric Cation-Exchange Membranes in Ethanol-Water Solutions

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 692
Author(s):  
V. María Barragán ◽  
Juan P. G. Villaluenga ◽  
Víctor Morales-Villarejo ◽  
M. Amparo Izquierdo-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Streaming Potential ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Joule Effect ◽  
Potential Coefficient ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Onsager Reciprocity ◽  
Ethanol Content ◽  
Reciprocity Relations

The aim of this work is to apply linear non-equilibrium thermodynamics to study the electrokinetic properties of three cation-exchange membranes of different structures in ethanol-water electrolyte solutions. To this end, liquid uptake and electro-osmotic permeability were estimated with potassium chloride ethanol-water solutions with different ethanol proportions as solvent. Current–voltage curves were also measured for each membrane system to estimate the energy dissipation due to the Joule effect. Considering the Onsager reciprocity relations, the streaming potential coefficient was discussed in terms of ethanol content of the solutions and the membrane structure. The results showed that more porous heterogeneous membrane presented lower values of liquid uptake and streaming potential coefficient with increasing ethanol content. Denser homogeneous membrane showed higher values for both, solvent uptake and streaming coefficient for intermediate content of ethanol.

scholarly journals Three-Scale Multiphysics Modeling of Transport Phenomena within Cortical Bone

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lemaire ◽  
J. Kaiser ◽  
S. Naili ◽  
V. Sansalone
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Coupled Transport ◽  
Onsager Reciprocity ◽  
Coupled Equations ◽  
Reciprocity Relations ◽  
Fluid Compartments ◽  
Treated Site

Bone tissue can adapt its properties and geometry to its physical environment. This ability is a key point in the osteointegration of bone implants since it controls the tissue remodeling in the vicinity of the treated site. Since interstitial fluid and ionic transport taking place in the fluid compartments of bone plays a major role in the mechanotransduction of bone remodeling, this theoretical study presents a three-scale model of the multiphysical transport phenomena taking place within the vasculature porosity and the lacunocanalicular network of cortical bone. These two porosity levels exchange mass and ions through the permeable outer wall of the Haversian-Volkmann canals. Thus, coupled equations of electrochemohydraulic transport are derived from the nanoscale of the canaliculi toward the cortical tissue, considering the intermediate scale of the intraosteonal tissue. In particular, the Onsager reciprocity relations that govern the coupled transport are checked.

A Two-Process Model for Control of Legato Articulation across a Wide Range of Tempos during Piano Performance

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pieter Jacobs ◽  
Daniel Bullock
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Half Cycle ◽  
Central Process ◽  
Nonlinear Functional ◽  
Empirical Estimates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Slow Tempo

The key overlap times (KOTs) required for legato articulation vary markedly with tempo. For scales/ arpeggios performed at interonset intervals (IOIs) of 100-1000 ms, prior reports show an increasing but nonlinear functional dependence of KOT on IOI. Because the major nonlinearity appears in the long-IOI (slow-tempo) region, the dependence of KOT on IOI is not attributable to gross biomechanical factors, such as finger inertias. Herein, we show that the dependence can arise from a neural circuit in which a predictive central process and a slow sensory feedback process cooperate to control articulation. An oscillating neural network is first constructed as an extension of the vector-integration-to-endpoint (VITE) model for voluntary control of movement. The resulting circuit exhibits volition-controlled oscillation rates. It also affords predictive control by continuously computing an internal estimate of the remaining " time-to-contact" (TTC) with a targeted integration level, the reaching of which triggers the oscillator's next half cycle. At fixed successive threshold values of this estimate of time remaining in the current half cycle, the performer first launches keystroke n + 1 and then lifts keystroke n. As tempo slows, the time required to pass between threshold crossings elongates, and KOT increases. However, if performers used only such a central process to control articulation, they would not show the bend seen in the slow tempo region of the KOT vs. IOI function. The bend emerges if performers lift keystroke n whenever they cross the second internal threshold or receive sensory feedback from stroke n + 1, whichever comes earlier. Empirical estimates of feedback delay times are consistent with this interpretation.

Application of Onsager's Reciprocity Relations to Alloy Solidification

1988 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Kaplan ◽  
M. J. Aziz ◽  
L. J. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Two Component System ◽  
Interface Motion ◽  
Alloy Solidification ◽  
Moving Interface ◽  
Reciprocity Relations ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Thermodynamic Forces ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Onsager’S Relations

ABSTRACTA requirement of any theory for the kinetics of interface motion during a phase transformation is that the force law which relates fluxes to thermodynamic forces satisfies Onsager's reciprocity relations. In this paper we show how to apply Onsager's relations to a phase transformation mediated by a moving interface in a two-component system. We use the result to evaluate two proposed models for interface motion during alloy solidification.

The Onsager reciprocity relations within Tsallis statistics

1997 ◽  
Vol 228 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Chame ◽  
E.V.L. de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Tsallis Statistics ◽  
Onsager Reciprocity ◽  
Reciprocity Relations
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document