scholarly journals Anaerobiosis and acid-base status in marine invertebrates: a theoretical analysis of proton generation by anaerobic metabolism

1984 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. P�rtner ◽  
N. Heisler ◽  
M. K. Grieshaber
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Proton Generation

scholarly journals Anaerobic Metabolism and Changes in Acid—Base Status: Quantitative Interrelationships and PH Regulation in the Marine Worm Sipunculus Nudus

1987 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-105
Author(s):  
HANS-OTTO PÖRTNER
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ph Regulation ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Base Parameters ◽  
Sipunculus Nudus ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Proton Generation

The quantitative influence of anaerobic metabolism on acid—base status and on acid-base regulation is investigated in Sipunculus nudus L. Proton generation by metabolism is calculated from theoretical predictions. The quantitative comparison of metabolic protons with non-respiratory protons found in the acid—base status is performed assuming a simplified model of the total animal. Taking the protonequivalent ion exchange between animals and ambient water into account, changes in the anaerobic acid—base status can be explained exclusively by proton generation in metabolism. It is concluded that the classical concept of acid—base physiology is adequate and that the consideration of strong ions is not required for a quantitative treatment of the acid—base status. The hypothesis that a quantitative correlation exists between metabolic and acid—base events is tested by comparing changes in acid—base status and in metabolism in animals exhibiting different metabolic rates. For this purpose, a method is developed for the calculation of intracellular pH from metabolite concentrations and extracellular acid—base parameters. Proton exchange between intra-and extracellular compartments, which is found to depend upon the total amount of accumulated non-respiratory protons, demonstrates that pHi is regulated even during anaerobiosis. The defended pH, value, however, is lower during anaerobiosis than during subsequent recovery. Note: Address for reprint requests

scholarly journals Metabolism and energetics in squid (Illex illecebrosus, Loligo pealei) during muscular fatigue and recovery

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (1) ◽  
pp. R157-R165 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Portner ◽  
D. M. Webber ◽  
R. K. O'Dor ◽  
R. G. Boutilier
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Mantle Tissue ◽  
Anaerobic Energy ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Postexercise Recovery ◽  
Loligo Pealei

The concentrations of intermediate and end products of anaerobic energy metabolism and of free amino acids were determined in mantle musculature and blood sampled from cannulated, unrestrained squid (Loligo pealei, Illex illecebrosus) under control conditions, after fatigue from increasing levels of exercise, and during postexercise recovery. Phosphagen depletion, accumulation of octopine (more so in Illex than in Loligo), and accumulation of succinate indicate that anaerobic metabolism contributes to energy production before fatigue. Proline was a substrate of metabolism in Loligo, as indicated by its depletion in the mantle. In both species, there was no evidence of catabolism of ATP beyond AMP. A comparison of the changes in the free and total levels of adenylates and the phosphagen indicates an earlier detrimental effect of fatigue on the energy status in Loligo. The acidosis provoked by octopine formation in Illex was demonstrated to promote the use of the phosphagen and to protect the free energy change of ATP such that the anaerobic scope of metabolism during swimming is extended and expressed more in Illex than in Loligo. In both species, there was no decrease in the sum of phospho-L-arginine, octopine, and L-arginine, and thus no release of octopine from the mantle, thereby supporting our earlier claim that octopine and associated protons are recycled in the mantle tissue. Overall, the metabolic strategy of Loligo is much less disturbing for the acid-base status. This strategy and the alternative strategy of Illex to keep acidifying protons in the tissue may be important for the protection of hemocyanin function in the two species.

To Manage Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis by "Double-Y Pyloromyotomy" is a better Surgical Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Md. Ansar Ali ◽  
Kaniz Hasina ◽  
Shahnoor Islam ◽  
Md. Ashraf Ul Huq ◽  
Md. Mahbub-Ul Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pyloric Stenosis ◽  
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis ◽  
Postoperative Vomiting ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Postoperative Feeding

Background: Different treatment modalities and procedures have been tried for the management of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. But surgery remains the mainstay for management of IHPS. Ramstedt’s pyloromyotomy was described almost over a hundred years ago and to date remains the surgical technique of choice. An alternative and better technique is the double-Y pyloromyotomy, which offer better results for management of this common condition.Methods: A prospective comparative interventional study of 40 patients with IHPS was carried out over a period of 2 years from July 2008 to July 2010. The patients were divided into 2 equal groups of 20 patients in each. The study was designed that all patients selected for study were optimized preoperatively regarding to hydration, acid-base status and electrolytes imbalance. All surgeries were performed after obtaining informed consent. Standard preoperative preparation and postoperative feeding regimes were used. The patients were operated on an alternate basis, i.e., one patient by Double-Y Pyloromyotomy(DY) and the next by aRamstedt’s Pyloromyotomy (RP). Data on patient demographics, operative time, anesthesia complications, postoperative complications including vomiting and weight gain were collected. Patients were followed up for a period of 3 months postoperatively. Statistical assessments were done by using t test.Results: From July 2008 through July 2010, fourty patients were finally analyzed for this study. Any statistical differences were observed in patient population regarding age, sex, weight at presentation, symptoms and clinical condition including electrolytes imbalance and acid-base status were recorded. Significant differences were found in postoperative vomiting and weight gain. Data of post operative vomiting and weight gain in both groups were collected. Vomiting in double-Y(DY) pyloromyotomy group (1.21 ± 0.45days) vs Ramstedt’s pyloromyotomy (RP) group(3.03 ± 0.37days) p= 0.0001.Weight gain after 1st 10 days DY vs RP is ( 298 ± 57.94 gm vs193±19.8 gm p=0.0014), after 1 month (676.67±149.84 gm vs 466.67 ± 127.71 gm, p=0.0001), after 2months (741.33± 278.74 gm vs 490±80.62 gm, p=0.002) and after 3 months (582±36.01gm vs 453.33±51.64 gm, p=0.0001).No long-term complications were reported and no re-do yloromyotomy was needed.Conclusion: The double-Y pyloromyotomy seems to be a better technique for the surgical management of IHPS. It may offer a better functional outcome in term of postoperative vomiting and weight gain.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jpsb.v1i2.19532

The oxygen- and acid-base status during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass

1988 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar Gøthgen ◽  
Ole Siggaard-Andersen ◽  
Jens Rasmussen ◽  
Peter Wimberley ◽  
Niels Fogh. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Acid Base Status
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