Comparison ofDaphnia magna, rainbow trout and bacterial-based toxicity tests of Ontario Hydro aquatic effluents

1996 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Rodgers ◽  
J. Schröder ◽  
L. Vereecken Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Ontario Hydro

Effect of Sulfite Dechlorination on the Accumulation of Waterborne Lead by Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter V. Hodson ◽  
Douglas J. Spry
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Sodium Sulfite ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Laboratory Water

Chlorine can be removed from laboratory water supplies by reduction with sodium sulfite, but sulfite complexation of metals may bias aquatic toxicity tests. We tested the effect of waterborne sulfite on the accumulation of waterborne lead by rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). After 96 h, the blood lead levels of trout exposed to both 100 μg lead/L and 440 μg sodium sulfite/L were lower than those exposed to lead alone. The highest level of sodium sulfite having no effect on blood lead was 20 μg/L. The addition of 200–300 μg sodium sulfite/L to our water supply after charcoal filtration removed residual chlorine levels rapidly and completely. This reaction, and other possible reactions with organic matter, always reduced measureabie sulfite levels to less than 1 μg/L (limit of detection), a level much lower than those tested. Hence, sulfite dechlorination should not interfere with metal bioassays.

Influence of pH on the Acute Lethality of Fenitrothion, 2,4-D, and Aminocarb and Some pH-Altered Sublethal Effects of Aminocarb on Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Doe ◽  
W. R. Ernst ◽  
W. R. Parker ◽  
G. R. J. Julien ◽  
P. A. Hennigar
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Control Range ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
Influence Of Ph ◽  
Brain Acetylcholinesterase

Three pesticides, fenitrothion, 2,4-D, and aminocarb, were tested in static 96-h acute lethal toxicity tests using fingerling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) at pH 4.6, 5.6, 6.9, and 8.5. The toxicity of aminocarb, a base, increased significantly with increasing pH. Conversely, the toxicity of the acidic pesticide 2,4-D increased with decreasing pH. The toxicity of the neutral pesticide fenitrothion did not change significantly with changing pH. Subsequent tests were performed on trout fingerlings with aminocarb to determine the effect of two exposure pH's on brain acetylcholinesterase activity and whole-body aminocarb residue. Brain acetylcholinesterase was found to be inversely proportional to whole-body aminocarb content of fish. In fish exposed at pH 4.6, brain acetylcholinesterase was maximally depressed at 6 h, after which it recovered to within the control range. Whole-body aminocarb concentrations rose to a maximum within 6 h and subsequently declined to low levels. In fish exposed at pH 8.2, brain acetylcholinesterase dropped below the control range by 1 h and remained low until all fish died by 72 h. A maximum whole-body aminocarb concentration was reached within 1 h and remained elevated until the fish died. Several explanations for the observed results are presented.

scholarly journals Comparison of the dietary bioavailability of copper sulphate and copper oxide nanomaterials in ex vivo gut sacs of rainbow trout: effects of low pH and amino acids in the lumen

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1967-1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Boyle ◽  
Nathaniel J. Clark ◽  
Tarryn L. Botha ◽  
Richard D. Handy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Exposure Pathway

Diet is an important exposure pathway of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in fish, but the long duration of in vivo toxicity tests is a barrier to hazard assessment.

Assessing the Chemical Sensitivity of Freshwater Fish Commonly Used in Toxicological Studies

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Teather ◽  
Joanne Parrott
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Fathead Minnows ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight

Abstract Using information from published studies, the relative sensitivity of various freshwater fish to a range of chemicals was examined. Specifically, the objectives were to: (1) determine which species are used most often in toxicity tests, (2) assess the relative sensitivity of these species to various chemicals, and (3) determine whether the two most commonly tested species exhibit differences in their relative sensitivity to different classes of chemicals. Fathead minnows, rainbow trout and bluegill sunfish were the three most commonly used species in 96-h LC50 tests. Of the nine species examined, coho salmon and rainbow trout were the most sensitive species to 190 chemicals, while goldfish and carp were the least sensitive. Fathead minnows and rainbow trout were not equally sensitive to 13 different classes of chemicals; for example, while trout were significantly more sensitive to metals, fathead minnows were more sensitive to hydrocarbons. Such comparisons are expected to be useful for predicting the relative responses of different species to previously untested chemicals in such groups, and in gaining insight into physiological modes of action.

Increased Toxicity of Ammonia to Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Resulting from Reduced Concentrations of Dissolved Oxygen

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 983-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert V. Thurston ◽  
Glenn R. Phillips ◽  
Rosemarie C. Russo ◽  
Susan M. Hinkins
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Ammonia Toxicity ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Acute Toxicity Tests ◽  
Flow Through

The median lethal concentration (LC50) of aqueous ammonia at reduced dissolved oxygen (D.O.) concentrations was tested in acute toxicity tests with rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fingerlings. Fifteen 96-h flow-through tests were conducted over the D.O. range 2.6–8.6 mg/L, the former concentration being the lowest at which control fish survived. There was a positive linear correlation between LC50 (milligrams per litre un-ionized ammonia) and D.O. over the entire D.O. range tested; ammonia toxicity increased as D.O. decreased. Ammonia LC50 values were also computed for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h; the correlation with D.O. was greater the shorter the time period.Key words: ammonia toxicity, dissolved oxygen, rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri

Influences of Dieldrin on the Growth and Body Composition of Fingerling Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Fed Oregon Moist Pellets or Tubificid Worms (Tubifex sp.)

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn R. Phillips ◽  
Donald R. Buhler
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Sublethal Concentration ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Reduced Fat ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
Tubificid Worms

Fingerling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fed tubificid worms (Tubifex sp.) grew faster than those fed Oregon Moist Pellets (OMP) over a similar range of rations. Faster growth resulted because trout incorporated protein and fat from tubificids more efficiently than from OMP. Exposure to a sublethal concentration of dieldrin in water (0.18 μg/L) did not affect the protein elaboration of trout fed either diet or fat metabolism in trout fed OMP. However, dieldrin reduced fat elaboration in trout fed tubificids. The dieldrin concentrations in trout exposed to dieldrin in water increased as feeding level (and therefore body fat) increased. The different responses to dieldrin by fish fed these two diets provides evidence that the diet offered to fish can significantly influence the outcome of chronic toxicity tests. Key words: Rainbow trout, tubificid worms, Oregon Moist Pellets, dieldrin, growth, fat metabolism

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