Multiple specializations in the peripheral auditory system of the CF-FM bat,Pteronotus parnellii

1979 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Pollak ◽  
O. W. Henson ◽  
Richard Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Auditory System ◽  
Pteronotus Parnellii ◽  
Fm Bat ◽  
Peripheral Auditory System

Peripheral specialization for fine analysis of doppler-shifted echoes in the auditory system of the “CF-FM” bat Pteronotus parnellii

1975 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-192
Author(s):  
N. Suga ◽  
J. A. Simmons ◽  
P. H. Jen
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Tuning Curve ◽  
Cochlear Microphonics ◽  
Slow Increase ◽  
Pteronotus Parnellii ◽  
Neural Inhibition ◽  
Fm Bat ◽  
Mechanical Tuning

Pteronotus parnellii uses the second harmonic (61–62 kHz) of the CF component in its orientation sounds for Doppler-shift compensation. The bat's inner ear is mechanically specialized for fine analysis of sounds at about 61–62 kHz. Because of this specialization, cochlear microphonics (CM) evoked by 61–62 kHz tone bursts exhibit prominent transients, slow increase and decrease in amplitude at the onset and cessation of these stimuli. CM-responses to 60–61 kHz tone bursts show a prominent input-output non-linearity and transients. Accordingly, a summated response of primary auditory neurones (N1) appears not only at the onset of the stimuli, but also at the cessation. N1-off is sharply tuned at 60–61 kHz, while N1-on is tuned at 63–64 kHz, which is 2 kHz higher than the best frequency of the auditory system because of the envelope-distortion originating from sharp mechanical tuning. Single peripheral neurones sensitive to 61–62 kHz sounds have an unusually sharp tuning curve and show phase-locked responses to beats of up to 3 kHz. Information about the frequencies of Doppler-shifted echoes is thus coded by a set of sharply tuned neurones and also discharges phase-locked to beats. Neurones with a best frequency between 55 and 64 kHz show not only tonic on-responses but also off-responses which are apparently related to the mechanical off-transient occuring in the inner ear and not to a rebound from neural inhibition.

Stochastic resonance in the peripheral auditory system

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 417-420
Author(s):  
Florian Gomez ◽  
Stefan Martignoli ◽  
Ruedi Stoop
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Resonance ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Peripheral Auditory System

scholarly journals Auditory and Vestibular Functioning in Individuals with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prawin Kumar ◽  
Niraj Kumar Singh ◽  
Kumari Apeksha ◽  
Vipin Ghosh ◽  
Raveendran Rajesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Vestibular Tests ◽  
Peripheral Auditory System

Abstract Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease associated with a rise in the level of blood glucose. Individuals with diabetes mellitus are more likely to develop hearing loss, tinnitus, and dizziness due to macro- and microvascular complications. The extent to which auditory and vestibular functions are impaired in individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus is still under debate. Objective To systematically review studies focusing on auditory and vestibular functions in individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Data Synthesis A search was conducted in the PubMed, MedlinePlus, Ingenta Connect and Google Scholar databases for articles published until June 2019. A total of 15,980 articles were primarily retrieved, 33 of which were shortlisted based on the inclusion criteria set by the investigators for the systematic review. Out of 33 full-length articles, 26 evaluated the functioning of the auditory system, while 7 evaluated the functioning of the vestibular system. Most studies related to auditory functioning reported a significant effect of type-2 diabetes mellitus on the peripheral auditory system, whereas studies on vestibular functioning reported no significant effect of diabetes mellitus on the functioning of the peripheral vestibular end-organ. Conclusion Overall, the results of various audiological and peripheral vestibular tests reveal distinctive peripheral and/or central auditory and vestibular end-organ impairments in individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Pre- and postsynaptic M3 muscarinic receptor mRNAs in the rodent peripheral auditory system

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saaid Safieddine ◽  
Sylvain Bartolami ◽  
Robert J. Wenthold ◽  
Michel Eybalin
Keyword(s):  
Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Peripheral Auditory System ◽  
M3 Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Mrnas
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