Stability of X chromosome differentiation in mouse embryos

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Takagi
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Chromosome Differentiation

scholarly journals X-chromosome activity in the germ cells of Sex-reversed mouse embryos

Reproduction ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. McLaren ◽  
M. Monk
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Mouse Embryos

Inheritance of a pre-inactivated paternal X chromosome in early mouse embryos

Nature ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 426 (6968) ◽  
pp. 857-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanh D. Huynh ◽  
Jeannie T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Early Mouse

scholarly journals Mouse endogenous X-linked genes do not show lineage-specific delayed inactivation during development

1995 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne M. Lebon ◽  
Patrick P. L. Tam ◽  
Judith Singer-Sam ◽  
Arthur D. Riggs ◽  
Seong-Seng Tan
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Female Mouse ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Primer Extension ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Endogenous Genes ◽  
Single Nucleotide Primer Extension

SummaryX chromosome inactivation (XCI) has been assumed to be complete in all cells of female mouse embryos at about 6 d post coitum (dpc). However, a recent study on β-galactosidase expression of an X-linkedlacZtransgene suggests that XCI is probably not complete several days after this time in some lineages. To help resolve this issue, we analysed XCI in embryos which carry the T(X;16)16H (Searle's) translocation and are heterozygous at the X-linkedHprtandPgk-1genes. The quantitative RT-PCR single nucleotide primer extension (SNuPE) assay was used to measureHprtandPgk-1allele-specific transcripts in embryos 9·5 dpc. No transcripts from the normal X chromosome were found in any of the tissues tested, indicating that inactivation was complete for these endogenous genes.

Tetraploid embryos rescue embryonic lethality caused by an additional maternally inherited X chromosome in the mouse

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (17) ◽  
pp. 3353-3363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Goto ◽  
N. Takagi
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Primitive Endoderm ◽  
Parietal Endoderm ◽  
Maternal Imprinting ◽  
Early Lethality ◽  
Ectoplacental Cone ◽  
Chromosome Nondisjunction

Mouse embryos with an additional maternally inherited X chromosome, i.e., disomic for XM (DsXM), cease to grow early in development and have a deficient extraembryonic region. We hypothesized that the underdeveloped extraembryonic region is attributed to two copies of XM that escape inactivation due to maternal imprinting. To examine the validity of this hypothesis and throw more light on the significance of X chromosome dosage on cell differentiation, we generated DsXM(XMXMXP and XMXMY) embryos at a high frequency taking advantage of the elevated incidence of X chromosome nondisjunction in female mice heterozygous for two Robertsonian X-autosome translocations, Rb(X.2)2Ad and Rb(X.9)6H. Although two XM chromosomes seem to remain active in both trophectoderm and primitive endoderm, detailed histological examination showed that the polar trophectoderm derivatives (ectoplacental cone and extraembryonic ectoderm) are severely affected, but the primitive endoderm derivatives (visceral and parietal endoderm) are relatively unaffected. Successful rescue of DsXM embryos by aggregation with tetraploid embryos show that X chromosome inactivation occurred normally leaving one X active in epiblast derivatives. Thus, two copies of active XM chromosome in cells of the polar trophectoderm cell lineage seem to be the main cause of early lethality shown by DsXM embryos as a result of failure in formation of ectoplacental cone and extraembryonic ectoderm.

scholarly journals Use of a HpaII-polymerase chain reaction assay to study DNA methylation in the Pgk-1 CpG island of mouse embryos at the time of X-chromosome inactivation.

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 4987-4989 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Singer-Sam ◽  
M Grant ◽  
J M LeBon ◽  
K Okuyama ◽  
V Chapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
X Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Chromosome Inactivation ◽  
Individual Mouse ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A HpaII-PCR assay was used to study DNA methylation in individual mouse embryos. It was found that HpaII site H-7 in the CpG island of the X-chromosome-linked Pgk-1 gene is less than or equal to 10% methylated in oocytes and male embryos but becomes 40% methylated in female embryos at 6.5 days; about the time of X-chromosome inactivation of the inner cell mass.

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