Geographical distribution of allozyme patterns in shallot (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum Backer) and wakegi onion (A. � wakegi Araki)

Euphytica ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Arifin ◽  
H. Okudo
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa

Erwinia rhapontici. [Distribution map].

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Rheum Rhaponticum ◽  
Hyacinthus Orientalis ◽  
Erwinia Rhapontici ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Erwinia rhapontici (Millard) Burkholder. Hosts: Rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum), wheat (Triticum), Hyacinthus orientalis and Allium cepa bulbs, occasionally others. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, Iran, Israel, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Peninsular, Europe, Belgium, France, Italy, Sardinia, Netherlands, Poland, UK, England, Wales, Ukraine, North America, Canada, Alberta, USA, Oklahoma, North Dakota, ID.

Ascochyta allii-cepae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Wet Weather

Abstract A description is provided for Ascochyta allii-cepae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Allium cepa cv. Hygro, A. cepa cv. Jumbo (Alliaceae/Liliaceae). DISEASE: Leaf tip blotch and die back of onion (65, 490). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (U.K.). TRANSMISSION: Presumably by water dispersed conidia during wet weather.

Burkholderia cepacia. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Saddler
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Agaricus Bitorquis ◽  
Cultivated Mushroom

Abstract A description is provided for Burkholderia cepacia. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Common host is Allium cepa, but can also cause disease in Allium sativum. Also identified as causing disease in Lycopersicon esculentum (63, 3168), a cavity disease of a cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bitorquis) (72, 5605) and a leaf spot on the a number of orchids including Cymbidium spp., Dendrobium sp. and Paphiopedilum spp. (66, 4326). The bacterium can also be found in soil, in clinical material, in disinfectant solutions and as an opportunistic pathogen of man and animals. It is gaining in significance as a major pathogen for sufferers of cystic fibrosis (Isles et al., 1984; McKevitt & Woods, 1984; Thomassen et al., 1985). DISEASE: Onion slippery skin; this is a rot of bulb scales, usually occurring at or near maturity, sometimes in storage. The bacterium does not appear to be strongly invasive, attacking plants that are damaged or weakened. Bacteria are thought to gain entry through the neck or leaf blades as the foliage falls over and the epidermis breaks, at maturity (64, 5550). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. TRANSMISSION: Appears to be a soilborne wound pathogen.

Urocystis cepulae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Cotyledon Stage ◽  
Indefinite Number ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Western Asia

Abstract A description is provided for Urocystis cepulae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On species of Allium, including A. cepa, A. porrum, A. sativum and A. vineale. DISEASE: Smut of onion (Allium cepa). The infection on other species of Allium is much less serious. Symptoms are first seen at the cotyledon stage when a dark, thickened area appears which, when large, may cause a downward curvature. As growth occurs the lesions, which break open to reveal the dark spore masses, form at the base of the leaves. Most plants are killed in 3-4 weeks but if they survive the leaves become short, brittle, distorted and may bear lesions throughout their length. Spores develop on the bulb which may be undersize and, although it does not rot in storage, resistance to secondary infections from other pathogens is low. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in Europe, western Asia, north and central N. America; also Australia, Chile, Egypt, Japan, Korea, Morocco and Peru (CMI Map 12, ed. 3, 1965). Records not yet mapped are: Finland, Iraq, Mexico, Norway, Philippines, Thailand and India where measures for eradication were taken (39: 526; 43, 1490). TRANSMISSION: It has not been definitely established whether the pathogen is seed-borne and this is not considered to be important. Sets and transplants form the main manner of spread and U. cepulae persists in the soil as dormant spores for an indefinite number of years (45, 1600).

Cladosporium allii-cepae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Leaf Blotch

Abstract A description is provided for Cladosporium allii-cepae[Mycosphaerella allii-cepae]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST: Allium cepa DISEASE: Leaf blotch. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (British Isles). TRANSMISSION: Possibly from contaminated debris but no clear evidence (61, 6765). There is no evidence that the pathogen overwinters on plant debris (62, 5055).

Puccinia asparagi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Waterston
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Packing Material ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Sources Of Infection ◽  
Spore Dissemination

Abstract A description is provided for Puccinia asparagi. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Asparagus officinalis (cult.), also on a few other species, including A. maritimus, A. plumosus and A. scaber; slight infections can be obtained on Allium cepa (see CMI Descript. 52). DISEASE: Asparagus rust. Causing lesions on asparagus stems, either oval yellowish spots (aecia and pycnia) or blister-like pustules (uredia and telia), and producing premature desiccation with subsequent weakening of roots and crowns which reduces the yield of edible shoots in the following season. May also attack onion, shallot and chives. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Occurs in Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe and North America wherever asparagus is grown (CMI Map 216, Ed. 2, 1950). TRANSMISSION: Spore dissemination mainly by wind with rain contributing to spread on individual plants (33: 333). Also believed to be transmitted in shipments of contaminated plants or packing material and soil accompanying roots (Arthur 1929). Volunteer and wild plants may serve as sources of infection (32: 58).

Burkholderia gladioli pv. alliicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Saddler
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Burkholderia Gladioli ◽  
Necrotic Spots

Abstract A description is provided for Burkholderia gladioli pv. alliicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Allium cepa, Tulipa spp. (72, 7970). DISEASE: Mainly a storage rot of onion, usually of the inner scales of the bulbs. The outsides may appear healthy at first, but later the whole bulb may soften and large numbers of bacteria are then to be seen. Dry necrotic spots of leaves may also occur (55, 5445). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Egypt, India (UP), Indonesia, Japan, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, Bulgaria, England, Hungary, Spain, USSR, USA (IA, Maine, New York, Washington and possibly Idaho, Indiana, MD, Ohio). TRANSMISSION: Soil borne, has been isolated from rice seed, although the significance of this finding is unclear (72, 6712).

Botrytis byssoidea. [Distribution map].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Botrytis byssoidea J.C. Walker. Hosts: on Onion (Allium cepa) and Leek (A. porrum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Japan, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia (New South Wales), New Zealand, EUROPE, Britain, Bulgaria, Denmark, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, NORTH AMERICA, USA.

Pseudomonas cepacia. [Distribution map].

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Pseudomonas Cepacia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pseudomonas cepacia[Burkholderia cepacia] (ex Burkholder) Palleroni & Holmes. Hosts: Onion (Allium cepa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Egypt, Nigeria, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia, EUROPE, Italy, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, USA.

Pyrenochaeta terrestris. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Infected Host ◽  
Welsh Onion ◽  
Pyrenochaeta Terrestris

Abstract A description is provided for Pyrenochaeta terrestris. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Allium cepa; other species of Allium. DISEASE: Pink root of onion (Allium cepa), and also may cause disease in Welsh onion (A. fistulosum), leek (A. ampeloprasum), shallot (A. cepa var. aggregatum), garlic (A. sativum) and chive (A. schoenoprasum). Also, as a soil inhabitant, it is frequently isolated from the roots of many crops on which no disease is caused (20, 138; 22, 429; 23, 261; 25, 82; 33, 332; 45, 311; 47, 2119; 50, 136). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Egypt, Germany, Hong Kong, Mauritius, New Zealand, Pakistan, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Uganda, UK, USA, Venezuela. TRANSMISSION: Soil, water and the infected host.

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