Ascochyta allii-cepae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Wet Weather

Abstract A description is provided for Ascochyta allii-cepae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Allium cepa cv. Hygro, A. cepa cv. Jumbo (Alliaceae/Liliaceae). DISEASE: Leaf tip blotch and die back of onion (65, 490). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (U.K.). TRANSMISSION: Presumably by water dispersed conidia during wet weather.

Ascochyta desmazieresii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Lower Side ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Irish Republic

Abstract A description is provided for Ascochyta desmazieresii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Lolium multiflorum and L. perenne. DISEASE: Glume and leaf spot of Italian and perennial ryegrasses. At first leaf lesions start as small purplish or chocolate-brown spots with a distinct red-purple margin. With time these enlarge, become irregular or elliptical, up to 5 mm long and distinctly visible on both sides of the leaves. Finally the centres of older lesions fade to fawn to straw yellow with numerous pycnidia immersed within the leaf tissue on both sides of the leaves but usually abundant pycnidia occur on the lower side. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (Japan); Europe (Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Irish Republic, UK); N. America (USA, California, Oregon, Washington); S. America (Chile, Brazil). TRANSMISSION: No specific studies reported; infection is presumably spread by air-borne conidia in wet weather or heavy dews. The fungus is also probably carried over on crop residues and debris in soil.

Septoria antirrhini. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Andrianova
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Wet Weather

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria antirrhini. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot, leaf drying, defoliation. HOSTS: Antirrhinum antirrhiniflorum, A. majus, A. siculum (Scrophulariaceae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: South Africa. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. SOUTH AMERICA: Chile, Colombia. ASIA: Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Iran, Israel. AUSTRALASIA: Australia, New Zealand. EUROPE: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Ukraine, former Yugoslavia. TRANSMISSION: Not reported, but almost certainly by airborne, splash-dispersed conidia from infected plant debris and seed stocks. The disease is significantly more severe under wet weather conditions (SINADSKIY et al., 1985).

Erwinia rhapontici. [Distribution map].

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Rheum Rhaponticum ◽  
Hyacinthus Orientalis ◽  
Erwinia Rhapontici ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Erwinia rhapontici (Millard) Burkholder. Hosts: Rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum), wheat (Triticum), Hyacinthus orientalis and Allium cepa bulbs, occasionally others. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, Iran, Israel, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Peninsular, Europe, Belgium, France, Italy, Sardinia, Netherlands, Poland, UK, England, Wales, Ukraine, North America, Canada, Alberta, USA, Oklahoma, North Dakota, ID.

Lophodermium conigenum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Pinus Brutia ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Wet Weather

Abstract A description is provided for Lophodermium conigenum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Mainly Diploxylon (two-three needle) pines, including Pinus brutia, P. densiflora, P. montana, P. mugo, P. nigra, P. resinosa, P. sylvestris, P. tabuliformis, P. contorta, P. halepensis, P. pinea and P. radiata. Has also been recorded from Haploxylon (five needle) pines. DISEASE: Needle cast of pines. Lophodermium conigenum inhabits green needles on the tree, producing no symptoms. When a branch bearing such needles is killed by an agent other than the fungus, L. conigenum fruits seprophytically on the needles. It causes no significant damage to the tree. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in Europe, a couple of records from the USA (east coast and Michigan) where it is apparently not common, New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet weather/humid conditions.

Burkholderia cepacia. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Saddler
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Agaricus Bitorquis ◽  
Cultivated Mushroom

Abstract A description is provided for Burkholderia cepacia. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Common host is Allium cepa, but can also cause disease in Allium sativum. Also identified as causing disease in Lycopersicon esculentum (63, 3168), a cavity disease of a cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bitorquis) (72, 5605) and a leaf spot on the a number of orchids including Cymbidium spp., Dendrobium sp. and Paphiopedilum spp. (66, 4326). The bacterium can also be found in soil, in clinical material, in disinfectant solutions and as an opportunistic pathogen of man and animals. It is gaining in significance as a major pathogen for sufferers of cystic fibrosis (Isles et al., 1984; McKevitt & Woods, 1984; Thomassen et al., 1985). DISEASE: Onion slippery skin; this is a rot of bulb scales, usually occurring at or near maturity, sometimes in storage. The bacterium does not appear to be strongly invasive, attacking plants that are damaged or weakened. Bacteria are thought to gain entry through the neck or leaf blades as the foliage falls over and the epidermis breaks, at maturity (64, 5550). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. TRANSMISSION: Appears to be a soilborne wound pathogen.

Xanthomonas ricini. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Atypical Symptoms ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Dark Green

Abstract A description is provided for Xanthomonas ricini. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Ricinus communis. DISEASE: Normally a leaf spot disease in which the bacteria are confined to the parenchymatous tissues. The tiny, dark green, water-soaked spots expand and become brownish, angular and necrotic. They may coalesce to form larger necrotic areas and badly infected leaves become chlorotic and may drop. Occasionally petioles and succulent branches have minute oval or linear spots. Sabet (40, 334) obtained atypical symptoms from inoculation of buds. When the leaves opened, the main veins became infected and tissues dependent on infected veins became yellow and flaccid and finally withered. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Scattered, more or las world-wide (CMI Map 394, ed. 1, 1962). Extra references include Hong Kong (43, 345), Poland (48, 554b), Zambia and confirmation of Kenya. TRANSMISSION: Probably in wind and rain; it is rapid in wet weather. One report suggests that it is also seedborne (33, 181).

Urocystis cepulae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Mulder
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Cotyledon Stage ◽  
Indefinite Number ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Western Asia

Abstract A description is provided for Urocystis cepulae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On species of Allium, including A. cepa, A. porrum, A. sativum and A. vineale. DISEASE: Smut of onion (Allium cepa). The infection on other species of Allium is much less serious. Symptoms are first seen at the cotyledon stage when a dark, thickened area appears which, when large, may cause a downward curvature. As growth occurs the lesions, which break open to reveal the dark spore masses, form at the base of the leaves. Most plants are killed in 3-4 weeks but if they survive the leaves become short, brittle, distorted and may bear lesions throughout their length. Spores develop on the bulb which may be undersize and, although it does not rot in storage, resistance to secondary infections from other pathogens is low. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in Europe, western Asia, north and central N. America; also Australia, Chile, Egypt, Japan, Korea, Morocco and Peru (CMI Map 12, ed. 3, 1965). Records not yet mapped are: Finland, Iraq, Mexico, Norway, Philippines, Thailand and India where measures for eradication were taken (39: 526; 43, 1490). TRANSMISSION: It has not been definitely established whether the pathogen is seed-borne and this is not considered to be important. Sets and transplants form the main manner of spread and U. cepulae persists in the soil as dormant spores for an indefinite number of years (45, 1600).

Septoria cucurbitacearum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Bryonia Dioica ◽  
Water Splash ◽  
Vegetable Marrow ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
Cucurbita Ficifolia

Abstract A description is provided for Septoria cucurbitacearum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Cucumis melo, C. sativus, Cucurbita ficifolia (=C. melanosperma), C. maxima, C. moschata, C. pepo and Bryonia dioica (=B. cretica). DISEASE: Leaf spot of cantaloupe, cucumber, melon, pumpkin, squash and vegetable marrow. The visible symptoms are circular, olive brown lesions, prominent on the upper surface of the leaves. With the progress of the disease the spots enlarge, usually reaching 3-5 mm diam., occasionally 8 mm wide and soon dry up. Older lesions tend to turn white revealing several pycnidia embedded within the tissue. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Zambia); Australasia & Oceania (Australia); Europe (Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Rumania, USSR); North America (USA, Delaware, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin). TRANSMISSION: Presumably by conidia disseminated by water splash in wet weather or heavy dews.

Phaeoseptoria vermiformis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Native Grasses ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Water Splash ◽  
Wet Weather

Abstract A description is provided for Phaeoseptoria vermiformis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Triticale (Triticum × Secale), Avena (oats) and Triticum (wheat). DISEASE: Leaf spot of Triticale, wheat and oats. Lesions on leaves are irregular to elliptical, light brown to straw yellow. As infection progresses lesions enlarge to form blotches extending to the margins of leaves. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: East Africa and North America (Mexico, Patzcuaro). TRANSMISSION: Presumably by conidia dispersed by water splash in wet weather or heavy dews. So far the mode of infection under natural conditions and the spread of the disease have not been investigated. It has been suggested that P. vermiformis might persist on native grasses in the field and this could serve as a source of inoculum in addition to the infected stubble or debris left over from previous years crop.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document