Burkholderia gladioli pv. alliicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
G. S. Saddler

Abstract A description is provided for Burkholderia gladioli pv. alliicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Allium cepa, Tulipa spp. (72, 7970). DISEASE: Mainly a storage rot of onion, usually of the inner scales of the bulbs. The outsides may appear healthy at first, but later the whole bulb may soften and large numbers of bacteria are then to be seen. Dry necrotic spots of leaves may also occur (55, 5445). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Egypt, India (UP), Indonesia, Japan, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, Bulgaria, England, Hungary, Spain, USSR, USA (IA, Maine, New York, Washington and possibly Idaho, Indiana, MD, Ohio). TRANSMISSION: Soil borne, has been isolated from rice seed, although the significance of this finding is unclear (72, 6712).

Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Amarenomyces ammophilae, usually found on attached dead leaves and stems of grasses typical of coastal sand ecosystems. Nothing is known about when it colonizes the substratum, but it is saprobic by the time conidiomata and ascomata are produced. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Morocco), North America (USA (Massachusetts, New York, North Carolina)), Antarctica (Macquarie Island), Australasia (New Zealand), Europe (Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Ukraine, UK)).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phomopsis juniperivora Hahn. Hosts: Conifers. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, New Zealand, EUROPE, Britain, Netherlands, NORTH AMERICA, Canada (Ontario, Quebec), USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnisota, Mississippi, Nebraska, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Va, Wis), SOUTH AMERICA, Uruguay.


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Lophium mytilinum, which are found on dead pine twigs, wood, bark and occasionally leaves. Details are given of its hosts (Abies spp., Chamaecyparis sp., Juniperus spp., Picea spp., Pinus spp., Pseudotsuga sp., Quercus sp., Razoumofskya sp., Rubus sp., Sequoia sp. And Tsuga sp.), geographical distribution (Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Quebec), USA (California, Connecticut, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Hampshire, New York, Oregon, South Carolina, Vermont, Virginia and Washington), India, Pakistan, Turkey, Australia, Denmark, France, Georgia, Germany, UK, Greece, Irish Republic, New Zealand, Belgium, Czech Republic, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Switzerland and Ukraine), transmission, diagnostic features and conservation status.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Kabatiella zeae Narita & Y. Hirats. Hosts: Maize (Zea mays). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, China, Jilin, Yunnan, Japan, Hokkaido, Australasia, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, France, Germany, Yugoslavia, Croatia, North America, Canada, Ontario, Quebec, USA, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, South Dakota, Wisconsin, South America, Argentina, Brazil.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Erwinia chrysanthemi pv.dianthicola (Hellmers) Dickey. Hosts: Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, Japan, Australasia & Oceania, New Zealand, Europe, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, England, Jersey, North America, USA, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas, South America, Colombia.


Author(s):  
J. F. Bradbury

Abstract A description is provided for Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. poinsettiae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST: Euphorbia pulcherrima. DISEASE: Bacterial canker of poinsettia. The early symptoms are usually watersoaked streaks on green stems. These may extend into petioles and leaves giving spots, blotches or defoliation, and downwards into the woody stem where it produces yellowing of the cortex and browning of vascular tissue. Golden brown bacterial ooze may be seen on ruptured stems and on leaf lesions. The disease is systemic and cuttings from infected stock plants may develop poorly or not at all. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: New Zealand (N. Island), USA (Florida, New Jersey, New York, MD, Pennsylvania; also Alabama (40: 310)); possibly UK (isolated in 1984, but still regarded as non-indigenous) (IMI Distribution Map 550, ed. 1, 1982). TRANSMISSION: This disease is spread in infected cuttings and probably by water splash as infection can be artificially induced by spray inoculation without wounding (41: 604).


Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk

Abstract A description is provided for Gongronella butleri. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: From soil. DISEASE: None as a primary pathogen of plants; encountered as a secondary invader or as a saprobe. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Argentina, Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, Ghana, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Malaysia, Mauritius, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Nigeria, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Trinidad, Uganda, Uraguay, UK, USA (Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Maryland, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Wisconsin), former USSR, Zambia. TRANSMISSION: Movement of soil, or water-borne dispersal of sporangiospores.


Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue

Abstract A description is provided for Moesziomyces bullatus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Echinochloa crus-galli. DISEASE: Seed smut of Echinochloa. The small number of sori in any infected inflorescence renders the disease inconspicuous and it is probably frequently overlooked. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: Azerbaijan, China (Beijing, Chengtu), Kazakhstan, Japan, Russia (Far East, Siberia), Uzbekhistan; Australasia: New Zealand (57, 649); Europe: Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Portugal (39, 555), Romania, Russia (European region), Ukraine; North America: Canada (NS, Ontario; 46, 3383), Mexico, USA (eastern states, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, Maine, MD, North Carolina, Nebraska, New York, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Wisconsin; 69, 2765). TRANSMISSION: No detailed studies reported.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dasineura pyri (Bouché). Diptera: Cecidomyiidae. Hosts: Pyrus spp., particularly common pear (Pyrus communis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belgium, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, France (Mainland France), Germany, Hungary, Italy, Lithuania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Central Russia), Serbia, Slovenia, Spain (Mainland Spain), Sweden, Switzerland, UK), Asia (China (Fujian)), North America (USA (Connecticut, New York, Oregon, Washington)), Oceania (New Zealand).


Author(s):  
J. C. David

Abstract A description is provided for Cladosporium phlei. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Phleumpratense (cf. notes). DISEASE: Eyespot of timothy. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: Japan. Australasia: New Zealand. Europe: Denmark, Eire, England, Northern Ireland, Norway, Sweden, USSR (Byelorussia), West Germany. North America: Canada (Quebec), USA (New York, Oregon, Washington). TRANSMISSION: By airborne dispersal of conidia, and by conidia on seeds of the host. Infection requires a high humidity (80-100%) to be successful. Spores germinate at between 3 and 33°C, optimally at 24°C (55, 5249).


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