In Vivo Assessment of Lipid Peroxidation Products Associated with Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases

2002 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce J. Ou ◽  
Yueli Zhang ◽  
Thomas J. Montine
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Age Related ◽  
In Vivo Assessment

scholarly journals Charting human subcortical maturation with in vivo 7 T MRI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miletić ◽  
P.-L. Bazin ◽  
S.J.S. Isherwood ◽  
M. C. Keuken ◽  
A. Alkemade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes ◽  
Standard Magnetic Resonance Imaging

AbstractThe human subcortex comprises hundreds of unique structures. Subcortical functioning is crucial for behavior, and disrupted subcortical function is observed in common neurodegenerative diseases. Despite their importance, human subcortical structures continue to be difficult to study in vivo. Here, we zoom in on 17 prominent subcortical structures, by describing their approximate iron and myelin contents and thickness, and by providing detailed accounts of their age-related changes across the normal adult lifespan. The results provide compelling insights into the highly heterogeneous morphometry and intricate age-related variations of these structures. They also show that the locations of these structures shift across the lifespan, which is of direct relevance for the use of standard magnetic resonance imaging atlases. The results further our understanding of subcortical morphometry and neuroimaging properties, and of normal aging processes which ultimately can improve understanding of neurodegeneration.

scholarly journals Novel PET Biomarkers to Disentangle Molecular Pathways across Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2581
Author(s):  
Heather Wilson ◽  
Marios Politis ◽  
Eugenii A. Rabiner ◽  
Lefkos T. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Protein Misfolding ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Synaptic Dysfunction ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Positron Emission

There is a need to disentangle the etiological puzzle of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, whose clinical phenotypes arise from known, and as yet unknown, pathways that can act distinctly or in concert. Enhanced sub-phenotyping and the identification of in vivo biomarker-driven signature profiles could improve the stratification of patients into clinical trials and, potentially, help to drive the treatment landscape towards the precision medicine paradigm. The rapidly growing field of neuroimaging offers valuable tools to investigate disease pathophysiology and molecular pathways in humans, with the potential to capture the whole disease course starting from preclinical stages. Positron emission tomography (PET) combines the advantages of a versatile imaging technique with the ability to quantify, to nanomolar sensitivity, molecular targets in vivo. This review will discuss current research and available imaging biomarkers evaluating dysregulation of the main molecular pathways across age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The molecular pathways focused on in this review involve mitochondrial dysfunction and energy dysregulation; neuroinflammation; protein misfolding; aggregation and the concepts of pathobiology, synaptic dysfunction, neurotransmitter dysregulation and dysfunction of the glymphatic system. The use of PET imaging to dissect these molecular pathways and the potential to aid sub-phenotyping will be discussed, with a focus on novel PET biomarkers.

Changes in Blood Antioxidants and Several Lipid Peroxidation Products in Women with Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nowak ◽  
E. Świȩtochowska ◽  
T. Wielkoszyński ◽  
B. Marek ◽  
J. Karpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Emerging Roles of Sonic Hedgehog in Adult Neurological Diseases: Neurogenesis and Beyond

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Der Chen ◽  
Jenq-Lin Yang ◽  
Wei-Chao Hwang ◽  
Ding-I Yang
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Aging Effect ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Age Related

Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a member of the hedgehog (Hh) family, was originally recognized as a morphogen possessing critical characters for neural development during embryogenesis. Recently, however, Shh has emerged as an important modulator in adult neural tissues through different mechanisms such as neurogenesis, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and autophagy. Therefore, Shh may potentially have clinical application in neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries. In this article, we present some examples, including ours, to show different aspects of Shh signaling and how Shh agonists or mimetics are used to alter the neuronal fates in various disease models, both in vitro and in vivo. Other potential mechanisms that are discussed include alteration of mitochondrial function and anti-aging effect; both are critical for age-related neurodegenerative diseases. A thorough understanding of the protective mechanisms elicited by Shh may provide a rationale to design innovative therapeutic regimens for various neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals Caffeine Inhibits Choroidal Neovascularization Through Mitigation of Inflammatory and Angiogenesis Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Sorenson ◽  
Yong-Seok Song ◽  
Ismail S. Zaitoun ◽  
Shoujian Wang ◽  
Barbara A. Hanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Choroidal Neovascularization ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell Migration ◽  
Age Related

Adenosine receptors (AR) are widely expressed in a variety of tissues including the retina and brain. They are involved in adenosine-mediated immune responses underlying the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The expression of AR has been previously demonstrated in some retinal cells including endothelial cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells, but their expression in the choroid and choroidal cells remains unknown. Caffeine is a widely consumed AR antagonist that can influence inflammation and vascular cell function. It has established roles in the treatment of neonatal sleep apnea, acute migraine, and post lumbar puncture headache as well as the neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson and Alzheimer. More recently, AR antagonism with caffeine has been shown to protect preterm infants from ischemic retinopathy and retinal neovascularization. However, whether caffeine impacts the development and progression of ocular age-related diseases including neovascular age-related macular degermation remains unknown. Here, we examined the expression of AR in retinal and choroidal tissues and cells. We showed that antagonism of AR with caffeine or istradefylline decreased sprouting of thoracic aorta and choroid/retinal pigment epithelium explants in ex vivo cultures, consistent with caffeine’s ability to inhibit endothelial cell migration in culture. In vivo studies also demonstrated the efficacy of caffeine in inhibition of choroidal neovascularization and mononuclear phagocyte recruitment to the laser lesion sites. Istradefylline, a specific AR 2A antagonist, also decreased choroidal neovascularization. Collectively, our studies demonstrate an important role for expression of AR in the choroid whose antagonism mitigate choroidal inflammatory and angiogenesis activities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document