Two Mechanisms for Toxic Effects of Hydroxylamines in Human Erythrocytes: Involvement of Free Radicals and Risk of Potentiation

1998 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris T.A. Evelo ◽  
Anita A.M.G Spooren ◽  
Rob A.G. Bisschops ◽  
Leo G.M. Baars ◽  
John M. Neis
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Toxic Effects

Toxic effects of arsenic on human erythrocytes

2010 ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Suwalsky ◽  
Cecilia Rivera ◽  
Fernando Villena ◽  
Carlos Sotomayor
Keyword(s):  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Toxic Effects

Zawartość związków fenolowych w ekstrakcie z propolisu oraz ocena jego aktywności przeciwutleniającej i cytoochronnej względem erytrocytów ludzkich w warunkach stresu oksydacyjnego in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Woźniak ◽  
Lucyna Mrówczyńska ◽  
Agnieszka Waśkiewicz ◽  
Marta Babicka ◽  
Elżbieta Hołderna-Kędzia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Propolis Extract

Introduction. Propolis (bee glue) is a natural product collected by honeybees from buds of various trees, shrubs and other plant species. Extracts of propolis possess numerous biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer. For this reason, propolis is currently used in many applications, such as preparations for cold syndrome, dermatological preparations or as a constituent of nutritional supplements and health food. The chemical composition of this natural material is very complex and depending on many factors, including method of extraction and selection of the solvent for the extraction process. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine concentration of selected phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids) in extract of Polish propolis and estimate its antioxidant activity and effect on human red blood cells. Material and methods. In the propolis extract was determined concentration of 14 flavonoids and 9 phenolic acids using ultra-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode detector and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The antioxidant potential of propolis extract was evaluated applying DPPH˙ free radical scavenging activity assay and Fe3+ reducing power assay. Moreover, the cytotoxicity and cytoprotective potential of propolis extract was estimated using human erythrocytes in vitro. Results. The propolis extract contained high concentration of pinocembrin, galangin, chrysin, apigenin, kaempferol, coumaric acid and cinnamic acid. It exhibited also high antioxidant potential. The antiradical activity of examined propolis extract was equal to 75% approx. activity of both standard antioxidants used in the study, namely Trolox and BHT. The reducing power of extract was equal to 65% approx. of Trolox and 80% of BHT, respectively. The propolis extract had no hemolytic activity, moreover, effectively protected human erythrocytes against free radicals-induced damage in vitro. Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the propolis extract of national origin is a rich source of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Therefore, the propolis extract possesses a high antioxidant potential and can protect erythrocytes against free radicals-induced oxidative hemolysis.

Toxic effects of the anticancer drug epirubicin in vitro assayed in human erythrocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 104964
Author(s):  
Karla Petit ◽  
Mario Suwalsky ◽  
José R. Colina ◽  
David Contreras ◽  
Luis F. Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Toxic Effects

Comparison of silver nanoparticles stored under air or argon with respect to the induction of intracellular free radicals and toxic effects toward keratinocytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Ahlberg ◽  
Martina C. Meinke ◽  
Luise Werner ◽  
Matthias Epple ◽  
Joerg Diendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Toxic Effects

scholarly journals New Markers of Oxidative Damage to Macromolecules

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Čolak
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Protein Modification ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Specific Marker

New Markers of Oxidative Damage to Macromolecules The presence of free radicals in biological material has been discovered some 50 years ago. In physiological conditions, free radicals, in the first place the ones of oxygen and nitrogen, are continuously synthesized and involved in the regulation of a series of physiological processes. The excess of free radicals is efficiently eliminated from the body in order to prevent their toxic effects. Toxic effects of free radicals may be classified into three groups: a) change of intracellular redox potential, b) oxidative modification of lipids, proteins and DNA, and c) gene activation. Lipid peroxidation involving cell membranes, lipoproteins and other molecules leads to the production of primary high-reactive intermediaries (alkyl radicals, conjugated dienes, peroxy- and alkoxyl radicals and lipid hydroperoxide), whose further breakdown generates the secondary products of lipid peroxidation: short-chain evaporable hydrocarbons, aldehydes and final products of lipid peroxidation: isoprostanes, MDA, 4-hydroxy-2, 3-transnonenal and 4,5-dihydroxydecenal which are important mediators of atherosclerosis, coronary disease, acute myocardial infarction, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis and lupus erythematodes. Oxidative modification of proteins is manifested by changes in their primary, secondary and tertiary structures. Proteins have a specific biological function, and therefore their modification results in unique functional consequences. The nature of protein modification may provide valid information on the type of oxidants causing the damage. Chlorotyrosyl is a specific marker of oxidative damage to tyrosine caused by HOCl action, which most commonly reflects the involvement of neutrophils and monocytes in oxidative stress, while nitrotyrosyl indicates the presence of higher peroxy-nitrite synthesis. Methyonin and cysteine are the amino acids most sensitive to oxidative stress, carbonyl groups are markers of severe damage caused by free radicals, and di-tyrosyl is the most significant and sensitive marker of oxidative modification made by γ rays. >Carbonyl stress< is an important form of the secondary oxidation of proteins, where reducing sugars non-enzymatically react with amino groups of proteins and lipids and give rise to the production of covalent compounds known as advanced glycosylated end products (AGE-products). A hydroxyl radical damages the DNA, leading to a loss of base and the formation of abasic sites (AP sites), break of DNA chain and sugar modification. Final lipid peroxidation products (MDA) may covalently bind to DNA, producing the >DNA radicals< which are responsible for mutations. Measurement of an adequate oxidative stress biomarker may not only point to an early onset of disease, its progression and assessment of therapy effectiveness, but can also help in the clarification of the pathophysiological mechanisms of tissue damage caused by oxidative stress, prediction of disease prognosis and choice of appropriate treatment in the early stages of disease.

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