Chemical surface modification of poly-ε-caprolactone improves Schwann cell proliferation for peripheral nerve repair

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba C de Luca ◽  
Giorgio Terenghi ◽  
Sandra Downes
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair ◽  
Chemical Surface ◽  
Chemical Surface Modification

Schwann-Cell Autophagy, Functional Recovery, and Scar Reduction After Peripheral Nerve Repair

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Yen Ko ◽  
Cheng-Chang Yang ◽  
Yao-Lung Kuo ◽  
Fong-Chin Su ◽  
Tai-I Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair ◽  
Scar Reduction

scholarly journals Insights Into the Role and Potential of Schwann Cells for Peripheral Nerve Repair From Studies of Development and Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Balakrishnan ◽  
Lauren Belfiore ◽  
Tak-Ho Chu ◽  
Taylor Fleming ◽  
Rajiv Midha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Repair Capacity ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair ◽  
Cell Replacement

Peripheral nerve injuries arising from trauma or disease can lead to sensory and motor deficits and neuropathic pain. Despite the purported ability of the peripheral nerve to self-repair, lifelong disability is common. New molecular and cellular insights have begun to reveal why the peripheral nerve has limited repair capacity. The peripheral nerve is primarily comprised of axons and Schwann cells, the supporting glial cells that produce myelin to facilitate the rapid conduction of electrical impulses. Schwann cells are required for successful nerve regeneration; they partially “de-differentiate” in response to injury, re-initiating the expression of developmental genes that support nerve repair. However, Schwann cell dysfunction, which occurs in chronic nerve injury, disease, and aging, limits their capacity to support endogenous repair, worsening patient outcomes. Cell replacement-based therapeutic approaches using exogenous Schwann cells could be curative, but not all Schwann cells have a “repair” phenotype, defined as the ability to promote axonal growth, maintain a proliferative phenotype, and remyelinate axons. Two cell replacement strategies are being championed for peripheral nerve repair: prospective isolation of “repair” Schwann cells for autologous cell transplants, which is hampered by supply challenges, and directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells or lineage conversion of accessible somatic cells to induced Schwann cells, with the potential of “unlimited” supply. All approaches require a solid understanding of the molecular mechanisms guiding Schwann cell development and the repair phenotype, which we review herein. Together these studies provide essential context for current efforts to design glial cell-based therapies for peripheral nerve regeneration.

Exosomes as a promising therapeutic strategy for peripheral nerve injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianhao Yu ◽  
Yingxi Xu ◽  
Muhammad Arslan Ahmad ◽  
Rabia Javed ◽  
Haruo Hagiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
Axonal Regrowth ◽  
Vascular Regeneration

Peripheral nerve injury has a high incidence and often leads to severe losses of sensory and motor functions in the afflicted limb. Autologous nerve grafts are widely accepted as the gold standard for peripheral nerve repair, but the presence of inherent drawbacks dramatically reduces their usability. Numerous tissue engineering nerve grafts are developed as alternatives of autologous nerve grafts, and a variety of cells and neurotrophic factors were introduced into these grafts for improvement. However, they are still difficult to obtain satisfactory clinical results. Peripheral nerve regeneration following injury remains a significant challenge for researchers and clinicians. Exosomes are extracellular membranous nanovesicles that are secreted by most cells. As the key players of intercellular communication, exosomes play a fundamental role in the physiological and pathological processes of the nervous system. Accumulating evidence has suggested that exosomes can exert neurotherapeutic effects via mediating axonal regrowth, Schwann cell activation, vascular regeneration, and inflammatory regulation. Exosomes are emerging as a promising approach for treating peripheral nerve injury. Furthermore, they also provide possibilities for enhancing the repair capacity of various nerve grafts. This review primarily highlights the regenerative effects of exosomes on peripheral nerve injury. The exosomes from distinct sources reported so far in literature are summarized to understand their roles in the process of nerve repair. Moreover, the challenges that must be addressed in their clinical transformation are outlined as well. This review also provides further insight into the potential application of exosomes for peripheral nerve repair. Keywords: Exosome, nerve regeneration, peripheral nerve injury, Schwann cell, axonal regrowth, inflammation, vascular regeneration.

Chemical surface modification of parylene C for enhanced protein immobilization and cell proliferation

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3746-3756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhong Zhang ◽  
Mark E. Thompson ◽  
Frank S. Markland ◽  
Steve Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Protein Immobilization ◽  
Parylene C ◽  
Chemical Surface ◽  
Chemical Surface Modification

scholarly journals Effect of Delayed Peripheral Nerve Repair on Nerve Regeneration, Schwann Cell Function and Target Muscle Recovery

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e56484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Jonsson ◽  
Rebecca Wiberg ◽  
Aleksandra M. McGrath ◽  
Lev N. Novikov ◽  
Mikael Wiberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Muscle Recovery ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair

scholarly journals Engineered neural tissue with Schwann cell differentiated human dental pulp stem cells: potential for peripheral nerve repair?

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3362-3372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Sanen ◽  
Wendy Martens ◽  
Melanie Georgiou ◽  
Marcel Ameloot ◽  
Ivo Lambrichts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Neural Tissue ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Repair ◽  
Human Dental Pulp
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