Effects of shell thickness of polystyrene-encapsulated Mg(OH)2 on flammability and rheological properties of high-impact polystyrene composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1135-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suqin Chang ◽  
Tingxiu Xie ◽  
Guisheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
High Impact ◽  
High Impact Polystyrene

scholarly journals Analysis and Optimization of Dimensional Accuracy and Porosity of High Impact Polystyrene Material Printed by FDM Process: PSO, JAYA, Rao, and Bald Eagle Search Algorithms

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7479
Author(s):  
Manjunath Patel Gowdru Chandrashekarappa ◽  
Ganesh Ravi Chate ◽  
Vineeth Parashivamurthy ◽  
Balakrishnamurthy Sachin Kumar ◽  
Mohd Amaan Najeeb Bandukwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Bald Eagle ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
High Impact Polystyrene ◽  
Cylindricity Error

High impact polystyrene (HIPS) material is widely used for low-strength structural applications. To ensure proper function, dimensional accuracy and porosity are at the forefront of industrial relevance. The dimensional accuracy cylindricity error (CE) and porosity of printed parts are influenced mainly by the control variables (layer thickness, shell thickness, infill density, print speed of the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process). In this study, a central composite design (CCD) matrix was used to perform experiments and analyze the complete insight information of the process (control variables influence on CE and porosity of FDM parts). Shell thickness for CE and infill density for porosity were identified as the most significant factors. Layer thickness interaction with shell thickness, infill density (except for CE), and print speed were found to be significant for both outputs. The interaction factors, i.e., shell thickness and infill density, were insignificant (negligible effect) for both outputs. The models developed produced a better fit for regression with an R2 equal to 94.56% for CE, and 99.10% for porosity, respectively. Four algorithms (bald eagle search optimization (BES), particle swarm optimization (PSO), RAO-3, and JAYA) were applied to determine optimal FDM conditions while examining six case studies (sets of weights assigned for porosity and CE) focused on minimizing both CE and porosity. BES and RAO-3 algorithms determined optimal conditions (layer thickness: 0.22 mm; shell thickness: 2 mm; infill density: 100%; print speed: 30 mm/s) at a reduced computation time equal to 0.007 s, differing from JAYA and PSO, which resulted in an experimental CE of 0.1215 mm and 2.5% of porosity in printed parts. Consequently, BES and RAO-3 algorithms are efficient tools for the optimization of FDM parts.

scholarly journals Enhanced Wetting and Adhesive Properties by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Surface Treatment Methods and Investigation Processes on the Influencing Parameters on HIPS Polymer

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 901
Author(s):  
Miklós Berczeli ◽  
Zoltán Weltsch
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Plasma Surface ◽  
Wetting Properties ◽  
High Impact Polystyrene ◽  
Process Modification ◽  
Plasma Surface Treatment

The development of bonding technology and coating technologies require the use of modern materials and topologies for the demanding effect and modification of their wetting properties. For the industry, a process modification process that can be integrated into a process is the atmospheric pressure of air operation plasma surface treatment. This can be classified and evaluated based on the wettability, which has a significant impact on the adhesive force. The aim is to improve the wetting properties and to find the relationship between plasma treatment parameters, wetting, and adhesion. High Impact PolyStyrene (HIPS) was used as an experimental material, and then the plasma treatment can be treated with various adjustable parameters. The effect of plasma parameters on surface roughness, wetting contact angle, and using Fowkes theory of the surface energy have been investigated. Seven different plasma jet treatment distances were tested, combined with 5 scan speeds. Samples with the best plasma parameters were prepared from 25 mm × 25 mm overlapping adhesive joints using acrylic/cyanoacrylate. The possibility of creating a completely hydrophilic surface was achieved, where the untreated wetting edge angle decreased from 88.2° to 0° for distilled water and from 62.7° to 0° in the case of ethylene glycol. The bonding strength of High Impact PolyStyrene was increased by plasma treatment by 297%.

Effect of Triaryl Phosphate, Zinc and Zinc Borate on Fire Properties of High Impact Polystyrene and High Impact Polystyrene-Polyphenylene Oxide Blend (Modified-Polyphenylene Oxide

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 529-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Benrashid ◽  
Gordon L. Nelson ◽  
Donald J. Ferm
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Zinc Borate ◽  
Polyphenylene Oxide ◽  
High Impact Polystyrene ◽  
Smoke Generation ◽  
Flame Retarded ◽  
Rate Of Heat Release ◽  
Fire Properties ◽  
Phase Activity

Samples of m-PPO (virgin and flame retarded) and high impact polystyrene blended with zinc and zinc borate (2ZnO·3B2O3·3.5H 2O), were pre pared. The effect of triaryl phosphate on the flame retardancy of PPO-HIPS in conjunction with zinc and zinc borate was studied. For polystyrene zinc borate shows some reduction in smoke generation. Zinc, however does not show any effect on smoke generation for high impact polystyrene. Triphenyl phosphate shows minimal flame retardancy in HIPS which is not enhanced by zinc. Addition of zinc gives an increase in oxygen index for FR m-PPO, whereas zinc borate decreases the OI values. Zinc borate may sequester triaryl phos phate and thus eliminate its vapor phase activity. Zinc borate shows a signifi cant reduction in smoke generation and rate of heat release for m-PPO.

Studies on the stretching behaviour of medium gauge high impact polystyrene sheets during positive thermoforming

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kommoji ◽  
Ritima Banerjee ◽  
Naresh Bhatnagar ◽  
Anup K Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
High Impact ◽  
High Impact Polystyrene

scholarly journals The co-pyrolysis of flame retarded high impact polystyrene and polyolefins

2007 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Hall ◽  
Nona Merry M. Mitan ◽  
Thallada Bhaskar ◽  
Akinori Muto ◽  
Yusaku Sakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Impact ◽  
High Impact Polystyrene ◽  
Flame Retarded
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