scholarly journals Moral Foundations Theory and the Psychology of Charitable Giving

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Nilsson ◽  
Arvid Erlandsson ◽  
Daniel Västfjäll
Keyword(s):  
Political Ideology ◽  
Charitable Giving ◽  
European Association ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Foundations Theory ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Moral Behaviour ◽  
Harm Prevention ◽  
The Relationship

Moral foundations theory proposes that intuitions about what is morally right or wrong rest upon a set of universal foundations. Although this theory has generated a recent surge of research, few studies have investigated the real–world moral consequences of the postulated moral intuitions. We show that they are predictably associated with an important type of moral behaviour. Stronger individualizing intuitions (fairness and harm prevention) and weaker binding intuitions (loyalty, authority, and sanctity) were associated with the willingness to comply with a request to volunteer for charity and with the amount of self–reported donations to charity organizations. Among participants who complied with the request, individualizing intuitions predicted the allocation of donations to causes that benefit out–groups, whereas binding intuitions predicted the allocation of donations to causes that benefit the in–group. The associations between moral foundations and self–report measures of allocations in a hypothetical dilemma and concern with helping in–group and out–group victims were similar. Moral foundations predicted charitable giving over and above effects of political ideology, religiosity, and demographics, although variables within these categories also exhibited unique effects on charitable giving and accounted for a portion of the relationship between moral foundations and charitable giving. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Moral foundations theory and the psychology of charitable giving

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Nilsson ◽  
Arvid Erlandsson ◽  
Daniel Västfjäll
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Charitable Giving ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Foundations Theory ◽  
Moral Intuitions ◽  
The Real ◽  
Harm Prevention ◽  
The Relationship

Moral foundations theory proposes that intuitions about what is morally right or wrong rest upon a set of universal foundations. Although this theory has generated a recent surge of research, few studies have investigated the real-world moral consequences of the postulated moral intuitions. We show that they are predictably associated with an important type of moral behavior. Stronger individualizing intuitions (fairness and harm prevention) and weaker binding intuitions (loyalty, authority, and sanctity) were associated with the willingness to comply with a request to volunteer for charity and with the amount of self-reported donations to charity organizations. Among participants who complied with the request, individualizing intuitions predicted the allocation of donations to causes that benefit outgroups, whereas binding intuitions predicted the allocation of donations to causes that benefit the ingroup. The associations between moral foundations and self-report measures of allocations in a hypothetical dilemma and concern with helping ingroup and outgroup victims were similar. Moral foundations predicted charitable giving over and above effects of political ideology, religiosity, and demographics, although variables within these categories also exhibited unique effects on charitable giving and accounted for a portion of the relationship between moral foundations and charitable giving.

scholarly journals Does Moral Foundations Theory Reveal that Teens Aren’t Entirely Split on P.C. Culture in Higher Education?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín M Lara Midkiff
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Foundations Theory ◽  
Attitude Assessment ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Psychometric Tool ◽  
The Relationship

The rise of Moral Foundations Theory (MFT) as a psychometric tool aimed at formalizing the study of political and moral psychology has led to many empirical studies and surveys over the last fifteen years. This present study documents the relationship between self-reported political identities, Moral Foundations Questionnaire (MFQ)-determined political ideology, and a novel attitude assessment concerning political correctness (PC) in academia among randomly sampled high schoolers at a demographically representative and statistically unremarkable high school in the American Pacific Northwest. Contrary to the emerging consensus in this recent field of MFT psychology, evidence here suggests that teenagers of varying political allegiances may be in general agreement when it concerns a political issue that has predominated headlines in the United States: PC culture (and censorship broadly) found in American universities. Though largely a vindication of antecedent MFT surveys, does this unanticipated alignment indicate a possible acquiescence in the zeitgeist of an up-and-coming generation?

The Relationship between Right–wing Attitudes and Cognitive Style: A Comparison of Self–report and Behavioural Measures of Rigidity and Intolerance of Ambiguity

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Van Hiel ◽  
Emma Onraet ◽  
Howard M Crowson ◽  
Arne Roets
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
European Association ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intolerance Of Ambiguity

Two recent meta–analytic studies addressing the relationship between cognitive style and right–wing attitudes yielded some discrepancies. We argue that these discrepancies can be accounted for when one considers the types of cognitive style measures included in those analyses. One of these analyses primarily relied on self–report measures, whereas the other relied on behavioural measures of cognitive style. Based on a new meta–analysis of 103 samples (total N = 12 714) focussing on behavioural and self–report measures of rigidity and intolerance of ambiguity, we confirmed the hypothesis that self–report scales yield stronger relationships with right–wing attitudes than behavioural measures. We point out potential conceptual and validity issues with both types of cognitive style measures and call for cautiousness when interpreting the magnitude of their relationships with ideology. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology

Personality in Action: Assessing Personality to Identify an ‘Ideal’ Conscientious Response Type with Two Different Behavioural Tasks

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 808-825
Author(s):  
Gabriela Gniewosz ◽  
Tuulia M. Ortner ◽  
Thomas Scherndl
Keyword(s):  
European Association ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Response Type ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Typological Approach ◽  
Related Response

Performance on achievement tests is characterized by an interplay of different individual attributes such as personality traits, motivation or cognitive styles. However, the prediction of individuals’ performance from classical self–report personality measures obtained during large and comprehensive aptitude assessments is biased by, for example, subjective response tendencies. This study goes beyond by using behavioural data based on two different types of tasks, requiring different conscientious–related response behaviours. Moreover, a typological approach is proposed, which includes different behavioural indicators to obtain information on complex personality characteristics. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology

The Politics of Donations: Are Red Counties More Donative Than Blue Counties?

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie E. Paarlberg ◽  
Rebecca Nesbit ◽  
Richard M. Clerkin ◽  
Robert K. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Charitable Giving ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Charitable Contributions ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Public Revenue ◽  
The Relationship

This article integrates parallel literatures about the determinants of redistribution across place. Using regression-based path analysis, we explore how tax burden mediates the relationship between political conditions and charitable contributions. Our analysis indicates that counties with a higher proportion of people voting Republican report higher charitable contributions, and tax burden partially mediates this relationship. However, the effect of political ideology on charitable contributions is nonlinear. As the proportion voting Republican in non-Republican-dominated counties increases, the predicted levels of charitable giving actually decreases. In contrast, as the proportion voting Republican increases in Republican-dominated counties, charitable contributions increase. Higher levels of political competition decrease charitable giving, again with partial mediation by tax burden. We also find that the “crowding in” effect of lower tax burdens on charitable giving only partially compensates for the loss of public revenue. Ultimately, total levels of redistribution—both private and government—are higher in Democratic-leaning counties.

A Study on the Relationship between Positive and Negative Affect Based on LST Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 718-720 ◽  
pp. 2508-2512
Author(s):  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Xiang Sun ◽  
Rui Rui Lian ◽  
Song Lin Chen ◽  
Li Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Personality Characteristic ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Dualistic Structure ◽  
Lst Model ◽  
The Relationship

As an important personality characteristic, affect can influence the organizational behavior and individual performance [1,2,, and affect study has obtained more and more attention in the field of organizational behavior and personality psychology. Positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) are considered as the basic structural dimensions of self-report affect experience and have been confirmed by trans-cultural studies[4,5,. The so-called PA is the tendency of experiencing happy of an individual, while NA is the tendency of experiencing unhappy of an individual[. Scholars have designed different schedules to measure PA and NA and study relationship between them, and have certified the dualistic structure of PA/NA, but they are mutually independent two dimensions, thus there still exists more or less relevancy and no unanimous viewpoint is formed[8,.

scholarly journals What is the relationship between morals and politics?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Scott Curry
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Foundations Theory ◽  
Substantial Body ◽  
Moral Decisions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

What’s the relationship between morals and politics? According to Moral Foundations Theory (MFT), people rely on multiple evolved intuitive “foundations” when making moral decisions, including: Care, Fairness, Loyalty, Authority, and Purity. A substantial body of previous research has found that, when making moral decisions, political liberals place more emphasis on Care and Fairness, whereas political conservatives place more emphasis on Loyalty, Authority, and Purity. However: the way that this research has conceptualised moral and politics has been criticised; there have been some anomalous and contradictory empirical findings; and it remains unclear whether the relationship between morals and politics is causal as opposed to merely correlational. Here I review the literature and make suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Appraisal of the Fairness Moral Foundation Predicts the Language Use Involving Moral Issues on Twitter Among Japanese

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Matsuo ◽  
Baofa Du ◽  
Kazutoshi Sasahara
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Moral Concern ◽  
Moral Foundation ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
The Relationship

Moral appraisals are found to be associated with a person’s individual differences (e.g., political ideology), and the effects of individual differences on language use have been studied within the framework of the Moral Foundations Theory (MFT). However, the relationship between one’s moral concern and the use of language involving morality on social media is not self-evident. The present exploratory study investigated that relationship using the MFT. Participants’ tweets and self-reported responses to the questionnaire were collected to measure the degree of their appraisals according to the five foundations of the MFT. The Japanese version of the Moral Foundations Dictionary (J-MFD) was used to quantify the number of words in tweets relevant to the MFT’s five moral foundations. The results showed that endorsement of the Fairness and Authority foundations predicted the word frequency in the J-MFD across all five foundations. The findings suggest that the trade-off relationship between the Fairness and Authority foundations plays a key role in online language communication. The implications and future directions to scrutinize that foundation are discussed.

scholarly journals Relationships among Personality, Situational Construal and Social Outcomes

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Morse ◽  
Kyle S. Sauerberger ◽  
Elysia Todd ◽  
David Funder
Keyword(s):  
European Association ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Observer Ratings ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Q Sort

The present study demonstrates a novel way of exploring the relationship between personality and social outcomes by examining an understudied intermediate step: situational construal. Construal is assessed in terms of the degree to which one's description of a situation agrees with others’ descriptions of the same situation (normativity) and the degree to which the description is positively valenced. Participants (N = 256) provided information about their personality and subsequently used the Riverside Situational Q–sort to describe their construal of three in–lab interactions with unacquainted others. A measure of positive behavioural social outcomes was constructed from observer ratings of the video–recorded interactions. Extraversion, agreeableness, openness and neuroticism (negatively) were related to positive behavioural social outcomes, as well as to normativity and positivity of construal. Additionally, normativity and positivity of construal were related to positive social outcomes. However, mediation analyses did not confirm that construal mediates the relation between personality and positive social outcomes. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology

Epistemic Motivation and the Structure of Moral Intuition: Dispositional Need for Closure as a Predictor of Individualizing and Binding Morality

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Federico ◽  
Pierce Ekstrom ◽  
Michal Reifen Tagar ◽  
Allison L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Moral Intuition ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Need For Closure ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Epistemic Motivation ◽  
Group Loyalty ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
The Relationship

Moral foundations theory argues that morality encompasses both group–preserving binding concerns about in–group loyalty, authority and purity and individualizing concerns about harm avoidance and fairness. Although studies have examined the relationship between sociopolitical attitudes and the moral foundations, the relationship between individual differences in epistemic motivation—as indexed by need for cognitive closure—and moral intuition remains unexplored. Given the role of groups in providing epistemic security, we hypothesized that the need for closure would be most strongly related to support for the foundations most central to the regulation of group ties, that is, the binding foundations as opposed to the individualizing ones. Data from three samples provided evidence for this. Unpacking this pattern, we also found that those high in need for closure endorsed all foundations, whereas those low in need for closure emphasized only the individualizing ones. Finally, we found that the relationship between need for closure and the binding foundations was mediated by right–wing authoritarianism, an orientation closely linked to a desire for the preservation of conventional in–group morality. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document