Differential expression of SOX17 and SOX2 in germ cells and stem cells has biological and clinical implications

2008 ◽  
Vol 215 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
J de Jong ◽  
H Stoop ◽  
AJM Gillis ◽  
RJHLM van Gurp ◽  
G-JM van de Geijn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Clinical Implications

scholarly journals Two separation-of-function isoforms of human TPP1 and a novel intragenic noncoding RNA dictate telomerase regulation in somatic and germ cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherilyn Grill ◽  
Kamlesh Bisht ◽  
Valerie M. Tesmer ◽  
Christopher J. Sifuentes ◽  
Jayakrishnan Nandakumar
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
N Terminus ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
Telomerase Regulation ◽  
Telomeric Protein

SummaryTelomerase replicates chromosome ends in germ and somatic stem cells to facilitate continued proliferation. Telomerase action depends on the telomeric protein TPP1, which recruits telomerase to telomeres and facilitates processive DNA synthesis. Here we identify separation-of-function long (TPP1-L) and short (TPP1-S) isoforms of TPP1 differing only in 86 amino acids at their N-terminus. While both isoforms retain the ability to recruit telomerase, only TPP1-S facilitates telomere synthesis. We identify a novel intragenic noncoding RNA in the 3’-UTR of the TPP1-encoding gene that specifically shuts down telomerase activation-incompatible TPP1-L to establish TPP1-S as the predominant isoform in somatic cells. Strikingly, TPP1-L is the major isoform in testes, where it can function to restrain telomerase in mature germ cells. Our studies uncover how differential expression of two isoforms allows TPP1 to perform separate functions in different cells, and demonstrate how isoform choice can be determined by an intragenic noncoding RNA.

scholarly journals Formative pluripotent stem cells show features of epiblast cells poised for gastrulation

Cell Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Wang ◽  
Yunlong Xiang ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Ran Wang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Mouse Escs ◽  
Epiblast Stem Cells ◽  
Early Gastrula

AbstractThe pluripotency of mammalian early and late epiblast could be recapitulated by naïve embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and primed epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), respectively. However, these two states of pluripotency may not be sufficient to reflect the full complexity and developmental potency of the epiblast during mammalian early development. Here we report the establishment of self-renewing formative pluripotent stem cells (fPSCs) which manifest features of epiblast cells poised for gastrulation. fPSCs can be established from different mouse ESCs, pre-/early-gastrula epiblasts and induced PSCs. Similar to pre-/early-gastrula epiblasts, fPSCs show the transcriptomic features of formative pluripotency, which are distinct from naïve ESCs and primed EpiSCs. fPSCs show the unique epigenetic states of E6.5 epiblast, including the super-bivalency of a large set of developmental genes. Just like epiblast cells immediately before gastrulation, fPSCs can efficiently differentiate into three germ layers and primordial germ cells (PGCs) in vitro. Thus, fPSCs highlight the feasibility of using PSCs to explore the development of mammalian epiblast.

scholarly journals Targeting self-renewal pathways in cancer stem cells: clinical implications for cancer therapy

Oncogenesis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. e177-e177 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Borah ◽  
S Raveendran ◽  
A Rochani ◽  
T Maekawa ◽  
D S Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Self Renewal

In vitro differentiation of germ cells from stem cells

2013 ◽  
pp. 236-249
Author(s):  
Fumihiro Sugawa ◽  
Karin Hübner ◽  
Hans R. Schöler
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation
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