scholarly journals Loss of function of KIF1B impairs oocyte meiotic maturation and early embryonic development in mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 1027-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-Wei Kong ◽  
Dong-Hui Wang ◽  
Cheng-Jie Zhou ◽  
Hong-Xia Zhou ◽  
Cheng-Guang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Oocyte Meiotic Maturation

200 SYNCHRONIZATION OF OOCYTE MEIOTIC MATURATION IN SUPEROVULATED MICE IMPROVES IN VITRO FERTILIZATION RATE

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
A. M. Taiyeb Ridha ◽  
D. C. Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Development Rates ◽  
Oocyte Meiotic Maturation

In vitro synchronization of oocyte nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation has been found to improve the IVF rate of ovarian oocytes in several species, including humans, in comparison with nonsynchronized in vitro-matured oocytes. Here, we tested the hypothesis that synchronization of oocyte meiotic maturation by an in vivo system in superovulated mice would increase the oocyte fertilization rate when compared to that of conventional superovulated oocytes. Recently, we observed that cilostazol (CZL), a PDE3-I, was able to inhibit mouse oocyte meiotic maturation in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Administering CZL at 7.5 mg, 4 or 7 h pre-hCG allowed retrieval of ovulated oocytes of which >95% were at MI stage, scored by Nikon stereo microscope (SMZ 1500). A conventional superovulation program was adapted in all treated and their control groups, in which mice were injected with eCG and after 48 h with hCG (7.5 IU for each hormone). On the second morning, 13 to 14 h post-hCG, mice were killed and oocytes were collected from oviducts and in vitro fertilized (control). For the treated groups, CZL was administered in a single 7.5 mg oral dose (gavage) 4 or 7 h before the hCG injection. On the second morning, CZL-treated animals were killed at the same timing as control animals and oocytes were retrieved from the oviduct and in vitro matured for 6 h (for those gavaged with CZL, 4 h pre-hCG) or 3 h (for those gavaged with CZL, 7 h pre-hCG) to MII oocytes before IVF. These groups were designated as in vivo-in vitro synchronized/matured oocytes. In other groups treated with CZL, 4 or 7 h pre-hCG, the ovulated oocytes were allowed to mature in the oviduct (full in vivo synchronization and maturation) and oocytes were retrieved and fertilized with the same fertilization timings as the in vivo-in vitro synchronized/matured oocytes. Oocytes were cultured for 1 day after IVF and examined for cleavage. Statistical differences were analyzed by cross-tabulated chi-square test. The full in vivo synchronization and maturation (for both CZL dose timings of 4 and 7 h pre-hCG) gave significantly higher early embryonic development rates compared with those of the control [89% (n = 219) and 92.2% (n = 374) vs 81.8% (n = 198); P = 0.034 and P < 0.0001, respectively]. The in vivo-in vitro synchronized/matured oocytes (CZL dose timing at 7 h, but not 4 h pre-hCG) gave significantly higher early embryonic development rates compared with those of the control [88.5% (n = 339) vs 83.4% (n = 458), respectively; P = 0.043]. However, the increase of the IVF rate of the oocytes from mice treated with CZL, 4 h pre-hCG, in the in vivo-in vitro synchronized/matured group was not significantly different from the control group [88.5% (n = 399) vs 83.4% (n = 458), respectively; P = 0.43]. It is concluded from the present study that synchronization of oocyte meiotic maturation by the in vivo and in vivo-in-vitro protocols can increase the IVF rate of oocytes in superovulated mice.

Iloprost, a prostacyclin analogue, stimulates meiotic maturation and early embryonic development in pigs

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Su Kim ◽  
Jung-Il Chae ◽  
Bong-Seok Song ◽  
Kyu-Sun Lee ◽  
Young-Kug Choo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Intracellular Camp

Oviduct fluid contains various cytokines and growth factors that enhance the embryo development during the preimplantation period. In hatched embryos, prostacyclin (PGI2) improves implantation, but its role during oocyte maturation and early embryo development remains contentious. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the effects of a PGI2 analogue (iloprost) on meiotic maturation and early embryonic development in pigs, as well on the structural integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis in blastocysts. First, meiotic maturation in pig oocytes was examined in the presence of increasing concentrations of iloprost (1, 5 and 10 μM). After IVM, a higher proportion of iloprost-treated compared with untreated oocytes was in MII (90.0% v. 65.7%, respectively; P < 0.05). In addition, protein kinase A activity increased in iloprost-treated oocytes, indicating increased intracellular cAMP concentrations. After 22 h iloprost treatment (44 h total incubation time), western blotting demonstrated increased expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, phosphorylated (p-) ERK1/2, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), p-CREB and cyclo-oxygenase-2, indicating activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and PGI2 pathways. In addition, the frequency of polyspermy decreased in iloprost-treated oocytes (19.9%) compared with control (35.8%), whereas the rate of blastocyst formation increased (P < 0.05). Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) showed that the number of nuclei containing fragmented DNA at the blastocyst stage decreased in the iloprost-treated group compared with control (1.2% v. 3.6%, respectively). In conclusion, iloprost appears to play a direct role in porcine oocyte maturation by enhancing blastocyst structure and survival.

scholarly journals Murine Surf4 is essential for early embryonic development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Emmer ◽  
Paul J. Lascuna ◽  
Emilee N. Kotnik ◽  
Thomas L. Saunders ◽  
Rami Khoriaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Normal Appearance ◽  
Anterograde Transport ◽  
Transport Vesicles

ABSTRACTNewly synthesized proteins co-translationally inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen may be recruited into anterograde transport vesicles by their association with specific cargo receptors. We recently identified a role for the cargo receptor SURF4 in facilitating the secretion of PCSK9 in cultured cells. To examine the function of SURF4 in vivo, we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing to generate mice with germline loss-of-function mutations in Surf4. Surf4+/- mice exhibited grossly normal appearance, behavior, body weight, fecundity, and organ development and demonstrated no significant alterations in circulating plasma levels of PCSK9, apolipoprotein B, or total cholesterol. Surf4-/- mice exhibit embryonic lethality, with complete loss of all Surf4-/- offspring between embryonic days 3.5 and 9.5. Taken together with the much milder phenotypes of PCSK9 or apolipoprotein B deficiency in mice, these findings imply the existence of additional SURF4 cargoes or functions that are essential for murine early embryonic development.

scholarly journals CPEB2 Is Necessary for Proper Porcine Meiotic Maturation and Embryonic Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Prochazkova ◽  
Pavla Komrskova ◽  
Michal Kubelka
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Element Binding Protein ◽  
Oocyte Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Oocyte meiotic maturation and embryogenesis are some of the most important physiological processes that occur in organisms, playing crucial roles in the preservation of life in all species. The post-transcriptional regulation of maternal messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) and the post-translational regulation of proteins are critical in the control of oocyte maturation and early embryogenesis. Translational control affects the basic mechanism of protein synthesis, thus, knowledge of the key components included in this machinery is required in order to understand its regulation. Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding proteins (CPEBs) bind to the 3′-end of mRNAs to regulate their localization and translation and are necessary for proper development. In this study we examined the expression pattern of cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 2 (CPEB2) both on the mRNA (by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, qRT-PCR) and protein (by Western blotting, WB) level, as well as its localization during the meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes and early embryonic development by immunocytochemistry (ICC). For the elucidation of its functions, CPEB2 knockdown by double-strand RNA (dsRNA) was used. We discovered that CPEB2 is expressed during all stages of porcine meiotic maturation and embryonic development. Moreover, we found that it is necessary to enable a high percentage of oocytes to reach the metaphase II (MII) stage, as well as for the production of good-quality parthenogenetic blastocysts.

EZH2 is essential for spindle assembly regulation and chromosomal integrity during porcine oocyte meiotic maturation†

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqing Cai ◽  
Keying Wen ◽  
Miao Ma ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Delin Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Spindle Assembly ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Meiotic Progression ◽  
First Polar Body ◽  
Porcine Oocyte ◽  
Polar Body Extrusion ◽  
Oocyte Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Early Occurrence

Abstract Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been extensively investigated to participate in diverse biological processes, including carcinogenesis, the cell cycle, X-chromosome inactivation, and early embryonic development. However, the functions of this protein during mammalian oocyte meiotic maturation remain largely unexplored. Here, combined with RNA-Seq, we provided evidence that EZH2 is essential for oocyte meiotic maturation in pigs. First, EZH2 protein expression increased with oocyte progression from GV to MII stage. Second, the siRNA-mediated depletion of EZH2 led to accelerated GVBD and early occurrence of the first polar body extrusion. Third, EZH2 knockdown resulted in defective spindle assembly, abnormal SAC activity, and unstable K-MT attachment, which was concomitant with the increased rate of aneuploidy. Finally, EZH2 silencing exacerbated oxidative stress by increasing ROS levels and disrupting the distribution of active mitochondria in porcine oocytes. Furthermore, parthenogenetic embryonic development was impaired following the depletion of EZH2 at GV stage. Taken together, we concluded that EZH2 is necessary for porcine oocyte meiotic progression through regulating spindle organization, maintaining chromosomal integrity, and mitochondrial function.

scholarly journals Localization of γ-Tubulin in Mouse Eggs during Meiotic Maturation, Fertilization, and Early Embryonic Development

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Qian MENG ◽  
Heng-Yu FAN ◽  
Zhi-Sheng ZHONG ◽  
Gang ZHANG ◽  
Yun-Long LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Gamma Tubulin ◽  
Mouse Eggs
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