scholarly journals Effects of Winter Ticks and Internal Parasites on Moose Survival in Vermont, USA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Debow ◽  
Joshua Blouin ◽  
Elias Rosenblatt ◽  
Cedric Alexander ◽  
Katherina Gieder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Parasites

Ethnoveterinary plant preparations as livestock dewormers: practices, popular beliefs, pitfalls and prospects for the future

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Githiori ◽  
Johan Höglund ◽  
Peter J. Waller
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Internal Parasites ◽  
The Future ◽  
Livestock Health

AbstractEthnomedicine is an integral part of traditional medical practices in many countries of the developing world. A large proportion of the population uses this form of treatment for primary health care and for the treatment of ailments in their livestock. Livestock is a major asset for resource-poor smallholder farmers and pastoralists throughout the world and internal parasites are recognized by these communities as having an impact on livestock health. Parasitic infections are among those infections that traditional healers confidently treat and against which an enormous variety of remedies exist. Many of these are based on the use of plant preparations. Although various methods have been used for the validation of traditional phytomedical preparations, there is a lack of standardization of these procedures. The present study is aimed at providing an overview of ethnoveterinary deworming preparations, the various methods that have been used in their validation and the future prospects for their use against helminth parasites of ruminant livestock in developing countries, with an emphasis on nematode parasites. Recommendations are made on the procedures that should be followed to conduct in vivo and in vitro assays. Fostering better interaction between traditional healers and scientists is advocated to prevent harmful overexploitation, both of local knowledge and of plant species that may have effects against nematode parasites.

scholarly journals Evidence for biological inheritance of the eosinophil response to internal parasites in southeastern Brazil

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Conti ◽  
Glória M. Duccini Dal' Colletto ◽  
Mary Furlan Feitosa ◽  
Henrique Krieger
Keyword(s):  
Segregation Analysis ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
Internal Parasites ◽  
Intestinal Worms

One hundred and seventy-seven individuals belonging to 120 complete or incomplete nuclear families from Bambui, in the State of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, were studied in order to examine causes of variation in the eosinophil rate among subjects infested by intestinal worms with an extra-digestive cycle. Segregation analysis without correction for skewness showed that the hypothesis of the presence of an additive major gene was consistent with the data, although a dominant, recessive, or a multifactorial hypothesis could not account properly for the observed significant familial aggregation. The most parsimonious correction for skewness showed similar results, but could not distinguish between dominant and recessive models, although co-dominance was rejected. Since these models assume that skewness was attributable to the commingling of two distributions, these results seem to agree with those for uncorrected data. These findings suggest that several genetically independent factors determine the resistance/susceptibility to helminth infestation mainly through their ability to influence the eosinophil response.

Mites and internal parasites associated with the common dung beetle Geotrupes (Anoplotrupes) stercorosus (Hartmann in Scriba, 1791) in Poland

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Sulgostowska ◽  
Krzysztof Solarz ◽  
Grażyna Madej ◽  
Krzysztof Klimaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Dung Beetle ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Dung Beetles ◽  
Internal Parasites ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Rich ◽  
June July

AbstractCommon dung beetles collected in the "Sobieski Forest" (eastern border of Warsaw suburbs) were examined for the occurrence and prevalence of infections or infestations with intestinal parasites and phoretic mites in relation to soil characteristics and quality of the forest habitat. Endoparasitic fauna was represented by gregarines Didymophyes paradoxa, microsporidians Plistophora geotrupina and cysticerkoids of 2 tapeworms - Ditestolepis diaphana and Staphylocystis furcate. Prevalence of these infections was higher for beetles collected from rich habitats. Acarofauna was represented by hypopodes of Sancassania geotruporum (Astigmatina, Acaridae) and the following taxa of mesostigmatic mites: Alliphis halleri, Macrocheles glaber, Parasitus coleoptratorum and unidentified juvenile Laelapidae representative. Mites were most abundant in June, July and September. They were only slightly more numerously found on dung beetles from the rich habitats. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling, MDS (2D stress = 0.13) revealed significant similarities in the distribution of mite taxa between poor and rich sites and among the investigated months (June, July and September).

Genetic alternatives to mulesing and tail docking in sheep: a review

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. James
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Tail Docking ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Internal Parasites ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Significant Opportunity

A genetic solution to breech strike control is attractive, as it is potentially permanent, cumulative, would not involve increased use of chemicals and may ultimately reduce labour inputs. There appears to be significant opportunity to reduce the susceptibility of Merinos to breech strike by genetic means although it is unlikely that in the short term breeding alone will be able to confer the degree of protection provided by mulesing and tail docking. Breeding programmes that aim to replace surgical techniques of flystrike prevention could potentially: reduce breech wrinkle; increase the area of bare skin in the perineal area; reduce tail length and wool cover on and near the tail; increase shedding of breech wool; reduce susceptibility to internal parasites and diarrhoea; and increase immunological resistance to flystrike. The likely effectiveness of these approaches is reviewed and assessed here. Any breeding programme that seeks to replace surgical mulesing and tail docking will need to make sheep sufficiently resistant that the increased requirement for other strike management procedures remains within practically acceptable bounds and that levels of strike can be contained to ethically acceptable levels.

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