Low-temperature conditioning induces chilling tolerance in ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and regulating en-dogenous hormones levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (15) ◽  
pp. 3691-3699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhen Yang ◽  
Zhengke Zhang ◽  
Jingping Rao ◽  
Yuping Wang ◽  
Zhenying Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity

Investigations on the adaptability of maize lines and hybrids to low temperature and cadmium

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Szalai ◽  
M. Pál ◽  
E. Horváth ◽  
T. Janda ◽  
E. Páldi
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Phytochelatin Synthase ◽  
Alternative Respiration ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride

In the course of the Maize Consortium Project, investigations were made on the defence mechanisms employed by maize against various abiotic stress factors (low temperature, cadmium) and on the effects exerted by two compounds (S-methylmethionine, salicylic acid) capable of improving the stress resistance of plants to certain abiotic stresses. Salicylic acid (SA) was found to inhibit the uptake of cadmium (Cd), but caused damage to the roots, including a reduction in the activity of phytochelatin synthase (PCS), which meant that preliminary treatment with SA aggravated the damaging effect of Cd. It was also proved that as the result of 2-day treatment with Cd, there was a continuous rise in the Cd level in the plants, more Cd being accumulated in young leaves than in older ones. The PCS activity increased greatly after 24 hours, both in the leaves and in the roots, declining again after 2 days. The effect of SA was examined in both the hybrids and their parental lines, and the effect of this compound on the intensity of alternative respiration was also investigated. A comparison of chilling tolerance data and antioxidant enzyme activity indicated that these two parameters were not directly correlated to each other, i.e. antioxidant enzyme activity values could not be used to draw reliable conclusions on the chilling tolerance of maize lines and hybrids. With regard to the interaction between alternative respiration and salicylic acid, it was proved that exogenous hydrogen peroxide caused a similar increase in the ratio of alternative respiration to that observed after salicylic acid treatment. Abbreviations: SA, salicylic acid; Cd, cadmium; PCS, phytochelatin synthase; SMM, S-methylmethionine; PCs, phytochelatins; PAR, photosynthetically active radiation; TTC, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride; KCN, potassium cyanide; PSII, 2nd photochemical system; POD, guaiacol peroxidase; APX, ascorbate peroxidase; GR, glutathione reductase

Exogenous application of 5-aminolevulinic acid improves low-temperature stress tolerance of maize seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Wanrong Gu ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Lixin Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Maize Seedlings

The important plant growth regulator 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) could promote low-temperature stress tolerance of many plants; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We investigated the effects of exogenously applied ALA on seedling morphology, antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic capacity of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings under low-temperature stress. Two cultivars, low-temperature-sensitive cv. Suiyu 13 (SY13) and low-temperature-tolerant cv. Zhengdan 958 (ZD958), were subjected to four treatments: low-temperature without ALA treatment, low-temperature after ALA treatment, normal temperature without ALA treatment, and normal temperature after ALA treatment. Plant morphological growth, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic capacity were determined. ALA treatment significantly decreased the inhibitory effects of low-temperature stress on seedling dry weight and increased proline accumulation under low temperatures in ZD958. Pre-application of ALA significantly improved superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in SY13 under low-temperature stress. Furthermore, treating maize seedlings with ALA resulted in significant enhancement of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase activity under low-temperature stress in both cultivars. Pre-treatment with ALA relieved the damage caused by low-temperature stress to maize seedlings, particularly in the low-temperature-sensitive cultivar. Therefore, ALA at appropriate concentrations may be used to prevent reductions in maize crop yield due to low-temperature stress.

Effects of ethylene on photosystem II and antioxidant enzyme activity in Bermuda grass under low temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengrong Hu ◽  
Jibiao Fan ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Erick Amombo ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Bermuda Grass

Antioxidant Enzyme Levels Inversely Covary with Hearing Loss After Amikacin Treatment

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Klemens ◽  
Robert P. Meech ◽  
Larry F. Hughes ◽  
Satu Somani ◽  
Kathleen C.M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
The Difference

This study's purpose was to determine if a correlation exists between cochlear antioxidant activity changes and auditory function after induction of aminoglycoside (AG) ototoxicity. Two groups of five 250-350 g albino guinea pigs served as subjects. For 28 days, albino guinea pigs were administered either 200 mg/kg/day amikacin, or saline subcutaneously. Auditory brainstem response testing was performed prior to the first injection and again before sacrifice, 28 days later. Cochleae were harvested and superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase activities and malondialdehyde levels were measured. All antioxidant enzymes had significantly lower activity in the amikacin group (p ≤ 0.05) than in the control group. The difference in cochlear antioxidant enzyme activity between groups inversely correlated significantly with the change in ABR thresholds. The greatest correlation was for the high frequencies, which are most affected by aminoglycosides. This study demonstrates that antioxidant enzyme activity and amikacin-induced hearing loss significantly covary.

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