Exogenous application of 5-aminolevulinic acid improves low-temperature stress tolerance of maize seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Wanrong Gu ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Lixin Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Maize Seedlings

The important plant growth regulator 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) could promote low-temperature stress tolerance of many plants; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We investigated the effects of exogenously applied ALA on seedling morphology, antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic capacity of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings under low-temperature stress. Two cultivars, low-temperature-sensitive cv. Suiyu 13 (SY13) and low-temperature-tolerant cv. Zhengdan 958 (ZD958), were subjected to four treatments: low-temperature without ALA treatment, low-temperature after ALA treatment, normal temperature without ALA treatment, and normal temperature after ALA treatment. Plant morphological growth, proline content, antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic capacity were determined. ALA treatment significantly decreased the inhibitory effects of low-temperature stress on seedling dry weight and increased proline accumulation under low temperatures in ZD958. Pre-application of ALA significantly improved superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in SY13 under low-temperature stress. Furthermore, treating maize seedlings with ALA resulted in significant enhancement of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase activity under low-temperature stress in both cultivars. Pre-treatment with ALA relieved the damage caused by low-temperature stress to maize seedlings, particularly in the low-temperature-sensitive cultivar. Therefore, ALA at appropriate concentrations may be used to prevent reductions in maize crop yield due to low-temperature stress.

scholarly journals 24-Epibrassinolide Ameliorates Endogenous Hormone Levels to Enhance Low-Temperature Stress Tolerance in Cucumber Seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Anwar ◽  
Longqiang Bai ◽  
Li Miao ◽  
Yumei Liu ◽  
Shuzhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Cucumber Seedling ◽  
Biosynthesis Gene

Phytohormone biosynthesis and accumulation are essential for plant growth and development and stress responses. Here, we investigated the effects of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on physiological and biochemical mechanisms in cucumber leaves under low-temperature stress. The cucumber seedlings were exposed to treatments as follows: NT (normal temperature, 26 °C/18 °C day/night), and three low-temperature (12 °C/8 °C day/night) treatments: CK (low-temperature stress); EBR (low-temperature and 0.1 μM EBR); and BZR (low-temperature and 4 μM BZR, a specific EBR biosynthesis inhibitor). The results indicated that low-temperature stress proportionately decreased cucumber seedling growth and the strong seedling index, chlorophyll (Chl) content, photosynthetic capacity, and antioxidant enzyme activities, while increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, hormone levels, and EBR biosynthesis gene expression level. However, EBR treatments significantly enhanced cucumber seedling growth and the strong seedling index, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity, activities of antioxidant enzymes, the cell membrane stability, and endogenous hormones, and upregulated EBR biosynthesis gene expression level, while decreasing ROS and the MDA content. Based on these results, it can be concluded that exogenous EBR regulates endogenous hormones by activating at the transcript level EBR biosynthetic genes, which increases antioxidant enzyme capacity levels and reduces the overproduction of ROS and MDA, protecting chlorophyll and photosynthetic machinery, thus improving cucumber seedling growth.

scholarly journals Exogenous diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate ameliorates low temperature stress by improving nitrogen metabolism in maize seedlings

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0232294
Author(s):  
Jianguo Zhang ◽  
Shujun Li ◽  
Quan Cai ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Jingsheng Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate

scholarly journals Membrane Lipids’ Metabolism and Transcriptional Regulation in Maize Roots Under Cold Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xunchao Zhao ◽  
Yulei Wei ◽  
Jinjie Zhang ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Xinyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Maize Roots

Low temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses that restrict the growth and development of maize seedlings. Membrane lipid metabolism and remodeling are key strategies for plants to cope with temperature stresses. In this study, an integrated lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis was performed to explore the metabolic changes of membrane lipids in the roots of maize seedlings under cold stress (5°C). The results revealed that major extraplastidic phospholipids [phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidic acid (PA), and phosphatidylinositol (PI)] were dominant membrane lipids in maize root tissues, accounting for more than 70% of the total lipids. In the transcriptome data of maize roots under cold stress, a total of 189 lipid-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated and classified into various lipid metabolism pathways, and most of the DEGs were enriched in the “Eukaryotic phospholipid synthesis” (12%), “Fatty acid elongation” (12%), and “Phospholipid signaling” (13%) pathways. Under low temperature stress, the molar percentage of the most abundant phospholipid PC decreased around 10%. The significantly up-regulated expression of genes encoding phospholipase [phospholipase D (PLD)] and phosphatase PAP/LPP genes implied that PC turnover was triggered by cold stress mainly via the PLD pathway. Consequently, as the central product of PC turnover, the level of PA increased drastically (63.2%) compared with the control. The gene-metabolite network and co-expression network were constructed with the prominent lipid-related DEGs to illustrate the modular regulation of metabolic changes of membrane lipids. This study will help to explicate membrane lipid remodeling and the molecular regulation mechanism in field crops encountering low temperature stress.

scholarly journals 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Improves Nutrient Uptake and Endogenous Hormone Accumulation, Enhancing Low-Temperature Stress Tolerance in Cucumbers

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Anwar ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Yumei Liu ◽  
Yansu Li ◽  
Xianchang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Mass Accumulation

5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) increases plant tolerance to low-temperature stress, but the physiological and biochemical mechanisms that underlie its effects are not fully understood. To investigate them, cucumber seedlings were treated with different ALA concentrations (0, 15, 30 and 45 mg/L ALA) and subjected to low temperatures (12/8 °C day/night temperature). The another group (RT; regular temperature) was exposed to normal temperature (28/18 °C day/night temperature). Low-temperature stress decreased plant height, root length, leaf area, dry mass accumulation and the strong seedling index (SSI), chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis, leaf and root nutrient contents, antioxidant enzymatic activities, and hormone accumulation. Exogenous ALA application significantly alleviated the inhibition of seedling growth and increased plant height, root length, hypocotyl diameter, leaf area, and dry mass accumulation under low-temperature stress. Moreover, ALA increased chlorophyll content (Chl a, Chl b, Chl a+b, and Carotenoids) and photosynthetic capacity, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr), as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) enzymes, while decreasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2•−), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents under low-temperature stress. In addition, nutrient contents (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) and endogenous hormones (JA, IAA, BR, iPA, and ZR) were enhanced in roots and leaves, and GA4 and ABA were decreased. Our results suggest the up-regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities, nutrient contents, and hormone accumulation with the application of ALA increases tolerance to low-temperature stress, leading to improved cucumber seedling performance.

ENHANCED TOLERANCE TO LOW TEMPERATURE IN TOBACCO (NICOTIANA TABACUML.) SPRAYED WITH A LOW-TEMPERATURE-RESISTANT AGENT

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIAN-HUA YI ◽  
YUE LI ◽  
ZE-MING DAI ◽  
ZHI-HONG JIA ◽  
WEN-XUAN PU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Effective Component ◽  
Tobacco Growth

SUMMARYLow-temperature stress is an important limiting factor to tobacco growth in early spring of south China. In this study, a low-temperature-resistant agent (LTRA) was employed to examine its ameliorating effect on the inhibition of tobacco growth triggered by low-temperature stress. Results indicated that low-temperature stress of 12 °C for 6 days reduced root number and biomass of tobacco seedling by 27.4% and 24.1%, while treatment with LTRA could recover the inhibitory effect of low-temperature stress on tobacco growth significantly. The content of ascorbic acid and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase at low-temperature stress were 65.2%, 53.5% and 32.1% of those at normal temperature condition (26 °C), while the corresponding values with LTRA treatment were 89.2%, 88.9% and 74.2%, suggesting that LTRA treatment could enhance the activity of antioxidant enzyme and the synthesis of antioxidant compounds. Low-temperature stress increased the membrane permeability by 84.8%, while LTRA treatment recovered it by 77.4%. Furthermore, LTRA treatment contributed to increase chlorophyll synthesis and maintain the integrity of tobacco leaf structure. Effective component analysis indicated that the complex of ammonium calcium nitrate and glycine betaine was the main effective component of LTRA in maintaining membrane integrity. Its effective concentration was 1.0 g L−1. The above results suggested that LTRA could enhance the synthesis of chlorophyll, activate the activity of antioxidant enzyme, maintain the integrity of cell membrane, and thus elevate the tolerance of tobacco seedlings to low-temperature stress.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Temperature-Induced Green Discoloration in Garlic

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ningyang Li ◽  
Zhichang Qiu ◽  
Xiaoming Lu ◽  
Bingchao Shi ◽  
Xiudong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Encoding Genes

Green discoloration is one of the most important problems that cause low quality of product in the processing of garlic, which can be induced by low-temperature stress. But the mechanism of low temperature-induced green discoloration is poorly understood. In the present study, the control garlic and three low temperature-treated garlic samples (stored at 4°C with 10, 15, and 40 days, respectively) were used for genome-wide transcriptome profiling analysis. A total of 49280 garlic unigenes with an average length of 1337 bp were de novo assembled, 20231 of which were achieved for functional annotation. When being suffered from 10, 15, and 40 days of low-temperature treatment, an increased degree of discoloration was observed, and a total of 4757, 4401, and 2034 unigenes showed a differential expression, respectively. Finally, 5923 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to respond to the low-temperature stress, of which 3921 were identified in at least two treatments. Among these stress-responsive unigenes, there were large numbers of enzyme-encoding genes, which significantly enriched the pathway “proteasome,” many genes of which are potentially involved in the garlic discoloration, such as 7 alliinase-encoding genes, 5 γ-glutamyltranspeptidase-encoding genes, and 1 δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase-encoding gene. These stress-responsive enzyme-encoding genes are possibly responsible for the low-temperature-induced garlic discoloration. The identification of large numbers of DEGs provides a basis for further elucidating the mechanism of low-temperature-induced green discoloration in garlic.

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