Fibrolytic potential of anaerobic fungi (Piromycessp.) isolated from wild cattle and blue bulls in pure culture and effect of their addition onin vitrofermentation of wheat straw and methane emission by rumen fluid of buffaloes

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (7) ◽  
pp. 1218-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyam S Paul ◽  
Sitangshu M Deb ◽  
Balbir S Punia ◽  
Dharminder Singh ◽  
Rajiv Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Methane Emission ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Anaerobic Fungi

scholarly journals Degradation of untreated and anhydrous ammonia-treated wheat straw by two strains of rumen anaerobic fungi

1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Grenet ◽  
A. Bernalier ◽  
J. Jamot ◽  
G. Fonty
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Anaerobic Fungi ◽  
Anhydrous Ammonia

Survival of Cochliobolus sativus conidia in pure culture and in natural soil at different relative humidities

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1893-1896 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Ledingham
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Increased Temperature ◽  
Spore Longevity

Conidia of Cochliobolus sativus cultured on sterile wheat straw were nearly 100% germinable after 52 months when maintained at relative humidity of 50% or lower. At higher relative humidity, spore longevity was much reduced. Increased temperature decreased spore longevity. Comparable results were obtained in natural soil.

scholarly journals Effects of Geraniol and Camphene on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methane Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
M. Joch ◽  
V. Kudrna ◽  
B. Hučko
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of geraniol and camphene at three dosages (300, 600, and 900 mg l-1) on rumen microbial fermentation and methane emission in in vitro batch culture of rumen fluid supplied with a 60 : 40 forage : concentrate substrate (16.2% crude protein, 33.1% neutral detergent fibre). The ionophore antibiotic monensin (8 mg/l) was used as positive control. Compared to control, geraniol significantly (P < 0.05) reduced methane production with increasing doses, with reductions by 10.2, 66.9, and 97.9%. However, total volatile fatty acids (VFA) production and in vitro dry matter digestibility were also reduced (P < 0.05) by all doses of geraniol. Camphene demonstrated weak and unpromising effects on rumen fermentation. Camphene did not decrease (P > 0.05) methane production and slightly decreased (P < 0.05) VFA production. Due to the strong antimethanogenic effect of geraniol a careful selection of dose and combination with other antimethanogenic compounds may be effective in mitigating methane emission from ruminants. However, if a reduction in total VFA production and dry matter digestibility persisted in vivo, geraniol would have a negative effect on animal productivity.

scholarly journals Effects of Essential Oils on Ruminal Microorganisms and Their Protein Metabolism

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 5011-5014 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. McIntosh ◽  
P. Williams ◽  
R. Losa ◽  
R. J. Wallace ◽  
D. A. Beever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Anaerobic Fungi ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Ruminal Microorganisms

ABSTRACT A commercial blend of essential oil (EO) compounds was added to a grass, maize silage, and concentrate diet fed to dairy cattle in order to determine their influence on protein metabolism by ruminal microorganisms. EO inhibited (P < 0.05) the rate of deamination of amino acids. Pure-culture studies indicated that the species most sensitive to EO were ammonia-hyperproducing bacteria and anaerobic fungi.

In vitrodegradation of wheat straw by anaerobic fungi from small ruminants

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 412-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Thareja ◽  
Anil K. Puniya ◽  
Gunjan Goel ◽  
Ravinder Nagpal ◽  
Jatinder P. Sehgal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Anaerobic Fungi

Potential of walnut (Juglans regia) leave ethanolic extract to modify ruminal fermentation, microbial populations and mitigate methane emission

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189
Author(s):  
M. Sahebi Ala ◽  
R. Pirmohammadi ◽  
H. Khalilvandi-Behroozyar ◽  
E. Anassori
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation

Series of in vitro trials were conducted to evaluate dose–response effects of walnut leaf ethanolic extract (WLEE) on ruminal fermentation, microbial populations, mitigation of methane emission and acidosis prevention. The treatments were conducted according to a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design formulated to contain corn (corn-based diet, CBD) and barley grain (barley-based diet, BBD), or equal amounts of barley and corn (barley and corn diet, BCD), consisting of either basal diets alone (0) or basal diets with 250, 500, 750 or 1000 µL of WLEE (W0, W250, W500, W750 and W1000 respectively) per litre of buffered rumen fluid. Three fistulated cows fed diets containing alfalfa hay and concentrate mixes (same as the control diet) plus minerals and vitamins were used for collection of ruminal fluid. The asymptote of gas production and methane emission was decreased and lag time increased in a linear and quadratic manner with an increasing dose of WLEE (P &lt; 0.001). However, gas production rate reduced linearly as WLEE dose increased (P &lt; 0.001). Methane production was significantly reduced linearly (L) and quadratically (Q) when walnut ethanolic extract was increased from 250 to 1000 μL/L (L and Q; P &lt; 0.001). The addition of WLEE significantly altered the volatile fatty acid profile in comparison to control, reducing the molar proportion of acetate and increasing that of propionate (P &lt; 0.001), and also decreased the ammonia-N concentration (L, P &lt; 0.001). Dry-matter and organic-matter in vitro digestibility coefficients were negatively affected by WLEE supplementation (L and Q; P &lt; 0.001). Although anti-acidosis potential of WLEE was significantly lower than that of monensin, W1000 increased medium culture pH compared with uncontrolled acidosis and the lower doses of WLEE. The populations of Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens and R. albus were significantly reduced by WLEE, although to different magnitudes, depending on the corn and barley grain proportions in the diet. Results of the present study indicated that increasing addition levels of WLEE have noticeable effects on rumen microbial population and fermentation characteristics. It can be concluded that WLEE can potentially be used to manipulate ruminal fermentation patterns.

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