scholarly journals Temporal changes in synovial fluid composition and elastoviscous lubrication in the equine carpal fracture model

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1071-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Feeney ◽  
Bridgette T. Peal ◽  
Jacqueline E. Inglis ◽  
Jin Su ◽  
Alan J. Nixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Fracture Model ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Carpal Fracture

scholarly journals Hyaluronic acid synthesis, degradation, and crosslinking in equine osteoarthritis: TNF-α-TSG-6-mediated HC-HA formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana C. Fasanello ◽  
Jin Su ◽  
Siyu Deng ◽  
Rose Yin ◽  
Marshall J. Colville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Synovial Membrane ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ha Synthase ◽  
And Cartilage

Abstract Background TNF-α-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6) protein, a TNF-α-responsive hyaladherin, possesses enzymatic activity that can catalyze covalent crosslinks of the polysaccharide hyaluronic acid (HA) to another protein to form heavy chain-hyaluronic acid (HC-HA) complexes in pathological conditions such as osteoarthritis (OA). Here, we examined HA synthase and inflammatory gene expression; synovial fluid HA, TNF-α, and viscosity; and TSG-6-mediated HC-HA complex formation in an equine OA model. The objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the TNF-α-TSG-6-HC-HA signaling pathway across multiple joint tissues, including synovial membrane, cartilage, and synovial fluid, and (2) determine the impact of OA on synovial fluid composition and biophysical properties. Methods HA and inflammatory cytokine concentrations (TNF-α, IL-1β, CCL2, 3, 5, and 11) were analyzed in synovial fluid from 63 OA and 25 control joints, and HA synthase (HAS1-3), TSG-6, and hyaluronan-degrading enzyme (HYAL2, HEXA) gene expression was measured in synovial membrane and cartilage. HA molecular weight (MW) distributions were determined using agarose gel electrophoresis and solid-state nanopore measurements, and HC-HA complex formation was detected via immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. SEC-MALS was used to evaluate TSG-6-mediated HA crosslinking, and synovial fluid and HA solution viscosities were analyzed using multiple particle-tracking microrheology and microfluidic measurements, respectively. Results TNF-α concentrations were greater in OA synovial fluid, and TSG6 expression was upregulated in OA synovial membrane and cartilage. TSG-6-mediated HC-HA complex formation was greater in OA synovial fluid and tissues than controls, and HC-HA was localized to both synovial membrane and superficial zone chondrocytes in OA joints. SEC-MALS demonstrated macromolecular aggregation of low MW HA in the presence of TSG-6 and inter-α-inhibitor with concurrent increases in viscosity. Conclusions Synovial fluid TNF-α concentrations, synovial membrane and cartilage TSG6 gene expression, and HC-HA complex formation were increased in equine OA. Despite the ability of TSG-6 to induce macromolecular aggregation of low MW HA with resultant increases in the viscosity of low MW HA solutions in vitro, HA concentration was the primary determinant of synovial fluid viscosity rather than HA MW or HC-HA crosslinking. The TNF-α-TSG-6-HC-HA pathway may represent a potential therapeutic target in OA.

scholarly journals The Effect of Kinematic Conditions and Synovial Fluid Composition on the Frictional Behaviour of Materials for Artificial Joints

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 767 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nečas ◽  
Martin Vrbka ◽  
Ivan Křupka ◽  
Martin Hartl
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Artificial Joints ◽  
Frictional Behaviour

EFFECT OF INCREASED WEIGHT STRESS ON JOINT INTEGRITY, SYNOVIAL FLUID COMPOSITION AND CATHEPSIN B-LIKE ACTIVITY OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE IN GROWING SWINE

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. BRENNAN ◽  
F. X. AHERNE ◽  
J. R. THOMPSON ◽  
T. NAKANO
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Cathepsin B ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
And Control ◽  
Humeral Condyle ◽  
Load Weight

Twenty crossbred gilts (20.5 kg) were individually penned in 1.2 × 1.5-m pens and fed ad libitum a 20% crude protein diet. An initial load of 15% of bodyweight was placed in shoulder bags on 50% of the animals and this ratio was maintained by weekly increases in load weight. Eight gilts from each treatment group were observed for 5 h on each of days 6, 11 and 16 to estimate the amount of time spent standing or walking. After 27 d the pigs were slaughtered. Elbow joints were examined grossly and histologically for osteochondrotic lesions. Lesions associated with a reduced proteoglycan staining occurred at the articular surface of the medial humeral condyle of 50% of the loaded animals but were not observed in the controls. Average daily gain, percent of time when pigs were standing, and elbow joint synovial fluid hyaluronate concentrations were 0.82 vs. 0.82 kg (P > 0.05), 12.8 vs. 17.0% (P > 0.05), and 2.42 vs. 2.58 mg mL−1 (P > 0.05) for loaded vs. control groups, respectively. Cathepsin B-like activity of humeral condylar cartilage was 2.25 and 2.56 μmoles of benzyloxycarbonyl-arginine-arginine-4 methoxy-2-naphthylamide hydrolyzed h−1 g dry cartilage−1 (P > 0.05) for the loaded and control groups, respectively. The results indicate that mild mechanical stress causes focal degeneration of humeral condylar cartilage which could predispose these animals to more severe osteoarthrosis and osteochondrosis at maturity. Key words: Swine, cartilage, cathepsin B, osteochondrosis, stress

Effects of Nalidixic Acid on Hamster Knee Cartilage Morphology and Synovial Fluid Composition

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Burkhardt ◽  
James D. Eskra ◽  
Frances A.S. Clemo ◽  
Ivan G. Otterness
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Knee Cartilage

Time-Dependent Effects on Synovial Fluid Composition During the Acute Phase of Human Intra-articular Ankle Fracture

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1055-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel B. Adams ◽  
Rachel M. Reilly ◽  
Janet L. Huebner ◽  
Virginia B. Kraus ◽  
Dana L. Nettles
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Ankle Fracture ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Fluid Composition

scholarly journals The Effect of Synovial Fluid Composition, Speed and Load on Frictional Behaviour of Articular Cartilage

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Furmann ◽  
David Nečas ◽  
David Rebenda ◽  
Pavel Čípek ◽  
Martin Vrbka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Model Fluids ◽  
Frictional Behaviour

Articular cartilage ensures smooth motion of natural synovial joints operating at very low friction. However, the number of patients suffering from joint diseases, usually associated with cartilage degradation, continuously increases. Therefore, an understanding of cartilage tribological behaviour is of great interest in order to minimize its degradation, preserving the reliable function of the joints. The aim of the present study is to provide a comprehensive comparison of frictional behaviour of articular cartilage, focusing on the effect of synovial fluid composition (i), speed (ii), and load (iii). The experiments were realized using a pin-on-plate tribometer with reciprocating motion. The articular cartilage pin was loaded against smooth glass plate while the tests consisted of loading and unloading phases in order to enable cartilage rehydration. Various model fluids containing albumin, γ-globulin, hyaluronic acid, and phospholipids were prepared in two different concentrations simulating physiologic and osteoarthritic synovial fluid. Two different speeds, 5 mm/s and 10 mm/s were applied, and the tests were carried out under 5 N and 10 N. It was found that protein-based solutions exhibit almost no difference in friction coefficient, independently of the concentration of the constituents. However, the behaviour is considerably changed when adding hyaluronic acid and phospholipids. Especially when interacting with γ-globulin, friction coefficient decreased substantially. In general, an important role of the interaction of fluid constituents was observed. On the other hand, a limited effect of speed was detected for most of the model fluids. Finally, it was shown that elevated load leads to lower friction, which corresponds well with previous observations. Further study should concentrate on specific explored phenomena focusing on the detailed statistical evaluation.

scholarly journals P154 Synovial fluid composition in relation to intra-articular knee joint disorders

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. B126
Author(s):  
M. Rutgers ◽  
D.B. Saris ◽  
R. Castelein ◽  
L.B. Creemers ◽  
W.J.A. Dhert
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Fluid Composition
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