scholarly journals Enterovirus genotypes among patients with severe acute respiratory illness, influenza-like illness, and asymptomatic individuals in South Africa, 2012-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 1759-1767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orienka Hellferscee ◽  
Stefano Tempia ◽  
Sibongile Walaza ◽  
Ebrahim Variava ◽  
Halima Dawood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Influenza Like Illness ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Illness

scholarly journals Mortality amongst Patients with Influenza-Associated Severe Acute Respiratory Illness, South Africa, 2009-2013

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0118884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Cohen ◽  
Jocelyn Moyes ◽  
Stefano Tempia ◽  
Michelle Groome ◽  
Sibongile Walaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Illness

scholarly journals Association of clinical characteristics of patients presenting with influenza like illness or severe acute respiratory illness with development of acute respiratory distress syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ijaz ◽  
Muhammad Jaffar Khan ◽  
Jawad Khan ◽  
. Usama
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Influenza Like Illness ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Illness

<p>Clinical judgement and suspicion of influenza based on signs and symptoms of influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory illness are critical for better patient outcome. Whether clinical characteristics of patients are associated with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome and PCR positivity of samples was the aim of this study. We included all patients (n=37) presenting with influenza like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) to a tertiary care hospital in northwest Pakistan during December 2015 until the end of January 2016. Each patient was assessed for signs and symptoms, clinical features, treatment, complications and outcome of ILI and SARI. Throat or nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from 36 patient and analyzed for the presence of Influenza virus by quantitative PCR.<strong><em> </em></strong>Patients presenting with ILI or SARI were febrile (p&lt;0.001, one sample <em>t-</em>test), significantly tachypneic (p&lt;0.001) and had critically lower oxygen saturation (p&lt;0.001). Nasal congestion at presentation (p=0.006, chi-square test for association) and infiltrates on chest radiographs (p=0.025) were significantly associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Likelihood of the occurrence of ARDS was significantly increased with decrease in oxygen saturation (Odds ratio; 0.75, 95% CI; 0.46, 1.21, p=0.048) and marginally significantly increased in lower age (Odds ratio; 0.82, 95% CI; 0.58, 1.15, p=0.055) and higher white cell count (Odds ratio; 1.001, 95% CI; 0.99, 1.002, p=0.054). The presence of Influenza type A/H1N1pdm09 strains was confirmed in 7/11 patients. However no significant difference was observed in the clinical features and complications of PCR positive and negative patients. Clinical signs and symptoms of influenza-like illness or severe acute respiratory illness significantly predict the development of complications irrespective of the positivity or negativity of laboratory qPCR reports.</p>

scholarly journals Human bocavirus, coronavirus, and polyomavirus detected among patients hospitalised with severe acute respiratory illness in South Africa, 2012 to 2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. e59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Subramoney ◽  
Orienka Hellferscee ◽  
Marthi Pretorius ◽  
Stefano Tempia ◽  
Meredith McMorrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Illness

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Influenza-Associated Severe Acute Respiratory Illness Hospitalization in South Africa, 2012–2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Tempia ◽  
Sibongile Walaza ◽  
Jocelyn Moyes ◽  
Adam L. Cohen ◽  
Claire von Mollendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Illness

Abstract Background Data on risk factors for influenza-associated hospitalizations in low- and middle-income countries are limited. Methods We conducted active syndromic surveillance for hospitalized severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and outpatient influenza-like illness (ILI) in 2 provinces of South Africa during 2012–2015. We compared the characteristics of influenza-positive patients with SARI to those with ILI to identify factors associated with severe disease requiring hospitalization, using unconditional logistic regression. Results During the study period, influenza virus was detected in 5.9% (110 of 1861) and 15.8% (577 of 3652) of SARI and ILI cases, respectively. On multivariable analysis factors significantly associated with increased risk of influenza-associated SARI hospitalization were as follows: younger and older age (&lt;6 months [adjusted odds ratio {aOR}, 37.6], 6–11 months [aOR, 31.9], 12–23 months [aOR, 22.1], 24–59 months [aOR, 7.1], and ≥65 years [aOR, 40.7] compared with 5–24 years of age), underlying medical conditions (aOR, 4.5), human immunodeficiency virus infection (aOR, 4.3), and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization density ≥1000 deoxyribonucleic acid copies/mL (aOR, 4.8). Underlying medical conditions in children aged &lt;5 years included asthma (aOR, 22.7), malnutrition (aOR, 2.4), and prematurity (aOR, 4.8); in persons aged ≥5 years, conditions included asthma (aOR, 3.6), diabetes (aOR, 7.1), chronic lung diseases (aOR, 10.7), chronic heart diseases (aOR, 9.6), and obesity (aOR, 21.3). Mine workers (aOR, 13.8) and pregnant women (aOR, 12.5) were also at increased risk for influenza-associated hospitalization. Conclusions The risk groups identified in this study may benefit most from annual influenza immunization, and children &lt;6 months of age may be protected through vaccination of their mothers during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with hospitalisation for influenza-associated severe acute respiratory illness in South Africa: A case-population study

Vaccine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (46) ◽  
pp. 5649-5655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tochukwu Raphael Abadom ◽  
Adrian D. Smith ◽  
Stefano Tempia ◽  
Shabir A. Madhi ◽  
Cheryl Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Illness
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