scholarly journals Comparison of multiplex PCR assays and conventional techniques for the diagnostic of respiratory virus infections in children admitted to hospital with an acute respiratory illness

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1498-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Freymuth ◽  
Astrid Vabret ◽  
Delphine Cuvillon-Nimal ◽  
Sandrine Simon ◽  
Julia Dina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections

scholarly journals The importance of gastrointestinal presentation for understanding respiratory virus infection in patients with acute respiratory illness: a cross-sectional study in Guangzhou

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Wen-Kuan Liu ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
De-Hui Chen ◽  
Wei-Ping Tan ◽  
Shu-Yan Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections

Background: Respiratory virus infections often cause a wide spectrum of symptoms including gastrointestinal presentations (GP). The epidemiology of respiratory viruses in patients with GP needs to be better described.Methods: Throat swabs were collected and tested for 15 respiratory viruses from pediatric patients (≤14 years old) with acute respiratory illness in Guangzhou over a 3-year period. The features of respiratory virus infections were analyzed among those with GP.Results: Of 4,242 patients enrolled, 1,223 (28.8%) had GP. Among those, 647 (52.9%) were positive with one or more of the 15 tested respiratory viruses. The most frequently detected viruses were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (21.1%, 258), enterovirus (EV) (10.1%, 124), influenza A virus (infA) (7.8%, 95), adenovirus (ADV) (5%, 61), human metapneumovirus (HMPV) (4.1%, 50), and human bocavirus (HBoV) (3.5%, 43). More RSV (p = .001) and EV (P<0.001) infections were found in patients with GP than in patients without GP. 734 (60.0%) patients with GP presented with “Poor appetite”, 480 (39.2%) with “Vomiting”, 301 (24.6%) with “Diarrhea” and 73 (6.0%) with “Stomachache”. Significant differences in the virus positivity rate were found for RSV (p < .001), EV (p = .002) and PIV3 (p = .037). 90.6% (1,108/1,223) of patients with GP were under 5 years old. Among different age groups, significant differences in the virus positivity rate were found for infA (p = .005), influenza B virus (infB) (p = .006), RSV (p < .001), parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) (p = .019), ADV (P<0.001), and HBoV (p = .009). RSV was mostly detected in patients under 2 years old (90.3%, 233/258) with frequency declining with age, while frequency of infA and infB increased with age. ADV, HBoV, and PIV3 reached their highest peaks in the age groups of 6-10 years old (11%), 7-12 months (8%) and 4–6 months (5.8%), respectively. In general, sample positivity rates in patients with GP increased when seasons changed. RSV, EV, infA, ADV, HMPV, and HBoV formed the bulk of the positive samples.Conclusions: In this study, the epidemiology of respiratory virus infections in patients with GP was analyzed. This information increases our understanding of respiratory virus infections and may help in clinical diagnosis of these viruses.

scholarly journals Hospital Associated Respiratory Virus Infection in Children and Adults: It Does Not Just Occur During Cold and Flu Season

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua G Petrie ◽  
Adam S Lauring ◽  
Emily T Martin ◽  
Keith S Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Influenza Season ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infection ◽  
Testing Practices ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections ◽  
Virus Testing

Abstract Hospital-associated respiratory virus infections (HARVI) are an underappreciated source of morbidity and mortality. We examined HARVI incidence and clinical respiratory virus testing practices in a cohort of hospitalized patients with acute respiratory illness. HARVI were identified in patients of all ages, both during and outside of the influenza season.

Breast-feeding and Respiratory Virus Infection

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur L. Frank ◽  
Larry H. Taber ◽  
W. P. Glezen ◽  
Gary L. Kasel ◽  
Christine R. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections ◽  
Breast Fed

Thirty-nine breast-fed and 42 bottle-fed infants were followed up from birth over a four-year period. Virus infection was documented by culture and serologic testing, and history and physical examination were recorded for all episodes of respiratory illness. There were no statistically significant differences in rates or distributions of infection with individual viruses or with all viruses over the first three or six months or during the second six months of life in the two groups, nor were there statistically significant differences in rates or distributions of disease of the upper and lower respiratory tract or total respiratory disease, except for decreased disease of the lower respiratory tract in bottle-fed infants in the second six months. There were trends to decreased morbidity in breast-fed infants in the first three and six months and more episodes of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in bottle-fed infants in the first six months (P &lt; .05) but similar use of medical care by both groups. High cord blood titers to two viruses were not associated with evidence of breast-feeding protection from infection with those two agents. Breast-fed babies do not have fewer respiratory virus infections or illnesses but may experience less severe illness.

Epidemiology and Outcomes of Respiratory Virus Infections in Adult Acute Leukemia and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 4984-4984
Author(s):  
Gaurav Trikha ◽  
Rebecca Conway ◽  
John W Hiemenz ◽  
Per T. Ljungman
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections

Abstract BACKGROUND Respiratory virus infections (RVI) are significant cause of morbidity and mortality in adult patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, causing delay in administering chemotherapy and HSCT, increased hospital stay and in occasionally resulting in mortality. In 2008, the FDA approved the use of multiplex PCR assay to detect respiratory viruses. Our institution has been using the multiplex PCR technique for approximately four years. With this technology the time to diagnosis of a RVI became shorter and detection of multiple viruses at the same time became feasible. RVIs have been studied more exclusively in the HSCT population where lymphopenia has been identified for poor outcomes. These infections have been less well studied in the acute leukemia population. This report, however, encompasses both patient populations. The natural progression of RVIs apart from influenza is poorly understood. The viruses isolated from the upper respiratory tract, development of lower respiratory tract infection (LRI), as well as overall survival of the patients identified with RVIs are reported here. STUDY DESIGN This is a retrospective cohort study of adult patients (>=18yrs) with acute leukemia and/or after HSCT diagnosed with laboratory documented RVI between May 1st 2010 and March 1st2014. A list of positive RVIs from multiplex PCR was retrieved from the hospital laboratory based on patients with specific ICD-9 codes. RESULTS Between May 2010 to March 2014, there were 208 episodes of RVI in 122 patients. Out of these, 77 patients were post-HSCT and 45 patients had acute leukemia without undergoing HSCT. Out of these episodes, 85 were caused by rhinovirus, 37 by coronavirus, 18 by RSV, 35 by parainfluenza, 15 by influenza, 12 by metapneumovirus, 3 by adenovirus, 3 by poly-viral infection. 189 episodes were initially diagnosed as an upper respiratory tract infection (URI). There were 47 episodes of LRI; of these 32 (16.9%) had a prior URI with rhinovirus (n=13), coronavirus (n=5), parainfluenza (n=4), RSV (n=4), influenza (n=3) and poly-viral infections (n=2). 15 (7.2%) episodes were LRI at initial presentation (4 metapneumovirus, 4 parainfluenza, 2 RSV, 3 rhinovirus, 1 coronavirus, 1 adenovirus). Out of the 122 patients there were 7 deaths (5.7%). CONCLUSION The availability of multiplex PCR has allowed for the identification of respiratory viruses responsible for URI in this patient population. Most of these infections have limited clinical consequences. However, in our study 25% of the episodes either presented with or progressed to LRI. The exact role of respiratory virus in causing LRI is difficult to determine in a retrospective study. Disclosures Off Label Use: Treating MDS with one of these regimens: (1) nelfinavir, (2) bortezomib, (3) metformin + simvastatin, (4) metformin + seliciclib, (5) nelfinavir + bortezomib, (6) nelfinavir + ruxolitinib, (7) nelfinavir + simvastatin, (8) nelfinavir + sorafenib, (9) nelfinavir + trametinib, (10) ponatinib + bortezomib, (11) nelfinavir + ponatinib, and (12) trametinib + simvastatin.

scholarly journals Cost Analysis of Multiplex PCR Testing for Diagnosing Respiratory Virus Infections

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 2812-2817 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Mahony ◽  
G. Blackhouse ◽  
J. Babwah ◽  
M. Smieja ◽  
S. Buracond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections

Immunizations and vaccines: a decade of successes and reversals, and a call for ‘vaccine diplomacy’

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J Hotez
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Health Gains ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections ◽  
New Vaccines

Abstract Over the last decade we have seen extraordinary public health gains due to expansions in global vaccination programs led by United Nations (UN) agencies, including Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, UNICEF and the WHO. These initiatives have reduced childhood deaths from measles, tetanus and other vaccine-preventable diseases by almost one half. There is additional excitement over the potential development and introduction of new vaccines to prevent highly lethal respiratory virus infections, as well as tuberculosis, malaria, HIV/AIDS and several neglected tropical diseases. However, these successes are under threat due to political instability, conflict and an accelerating antivaccine movement. New initiatives in vaccine diplomacy will be required to combat these challenges.

scholarly journals Histological evidence of pulmonary micro-thrombosis and vasculitis in life-threatening respiratory virus diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather W Dolby ◽  
Philippe M D Potey ◽  
Annika Wilder-Smith ◽  
Sara Clohisey ◽  
Jonathan E Millar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Histological Evidence ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Respiratory Virus Infections

Abstract Pulmonary micro-thrombosis and vasculitis occur in fatal COVID-19. To determine if these processes occur in other life-threatening respiratory virus infections we identified autopsy studies of fatal influenza(n=455 patients), SARS(n=37), MERS(n=2), adenovirus(n=34) and RSV(n=30). Histological evidence of thrombosis was frequently present in adults with fatal influenza and SARS, with vasculitis also reported.

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