Utilization of montmorillonite in biostoning process as a strategy for effluent reuse

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia N Costa ◽  
Janaína Souza Lima ◽  
Alexsandra Valério ◽  
Antônio AU Souza ◽  
Débora Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Effluent Reuse

scholarly journals Nitrogen Balance of Effluent Irrigated Silage Cropping Systems in Southern Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Chris J. Smith ◽  
Val O. Snow ◽  
Ray Leuning ◽  
David Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profile ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Irrigation Season ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
High Recovery ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Effluent Reuse ◽  
Spray Irrigation ◽  
N Loading

The nitrogen (N) balance in a double-cropped, effluent spray irrigation system was examined for several years in southern Australia. The amounts of N added by irrigation, removed in the crop, and lost by ammonia (NH3) volatilisation, denitrification, and leaching were measured. Results from the project provide pig producers with the knowledge necessary to evaluate the efficiency of such systems for managing N, and enable sustainable effluent reuse practices to be developed. Oats were grown through the winter (May to November) without irrigation, and irrigated maize was grown during the summer/autumn (December to April). Approximately 18 mm of effluent was applied every 3 days. The effluent was alkaline (pH 8.3) and the average ammoniacal-N (NH4++ NH3) concentration was 430 mg N/l (range: 320 to 679 mg N/l). Mineral N in the 0- to 1.7-m layer tended to increase during the irrigation season and decrease during the winter/spring. About 2000 kg N/ha was found in the profile to a depth of 2 m in October 2000. N removed in the aboveground biomass (oats + maize) was 590 and 570 kg N/ha/year, equivalent to ≈25% of the applied N. Average NH3volatilisation during the daytime (6:00 to 19:00) was 2.74 kg N/ha, while volatilisation at night (19:00 to 6:00) was 0.4 kg N/ha, giving a total of 3.1 kg N/ha/day. This represents ≈12% of the N loading, assuming that these rates apply throughout the season. The balance of the N accumulated in the soil profile during the irrigation season, as 15N-labelled N studies confirmed. The high recovery of the15N-labelled N, and the comparable distribution of 15N and Br in the soil profile, implied that there was little loss of N by denitrification, even though the soil was wet enough for leaching of both tracers.

Wastewater Treatment for Effluent Reuse: Lime-Induced Removal of Excreted Pathogens

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Gambrill ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
J. I. Oragui ◽  
S. A. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Effluent Reuse ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Crop Irrigation

High quality effluents suitable for crop irrigation can be produced by lime and Clarifloc treatment of raw domestic wastewater: in laboratory jar-test experiments the average percentage removals were 99.999 for faecal coliforms, 99 – 99.9 for salmonellae, 99.9 – 100 for total parasites and 99 – 99.9 percent for rotavirus. The average removals of COD and suspended solids were 79 – 87 and 97 percent respectively. Clarifloc treatment was marginally better than that achieved by lime.

The Selection and Design of Sequencing Batch Reactors for Treatment Capacity Expansion in Abu Dhabi

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1105-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Ellis ◽  
M. R. Soulsby ◽  
P. C. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Capacity Expansion ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Secondary Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactors ◽  
Effluent Reuse ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Selection Of

Innovative planning and design were key elements in the selection of sequencing batch reactors to provide 40% capacity expansion for the existing wastewater treatment works in Abu Dhabi. The nitrification/denitrification mode of SBR operation was selected to provide secondary treatment prior to tertiary filtration and full effluent reuse for irrigation.

The long-term performance of Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT) for effluent reuse

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Idelovitch ◽  
N. Icekson-Tal ◽  
O. Avraham ◽  
M. Michail
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Soil Aquifer Treatment ◽  
Ammonia Adsorption ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Effluent Reuse

An innovative scheme of groundwater recharge for wastewater effluent reuse has been practiced on a large scale in the Dan Region Project in Israel since 1977. The system, referred to as SAT (for Soil Aquifer Treatment), provides advanced treatment prior to effluent reuse for unrestricted irrigation. A major study recently carried out consisted of a comprehensive analysis of the water quality data available in the recharged effluent (before SAT), as well as in observation wells and recovery wells (after SAT). The results obtained with respect to suspended solids, organics and nutrients (nitrogen compounds and phosphorus) are presented and discussed. The main processes occurring in the soil-aquifer system, which are responsible for the removal of the above contaminants are filtration through the upper soil layer, organic matter biodegradation and adsorption, ammonia adsorption and biological nitirification-denitrification, and chemical precipitation and adsorption of phosphorus. The findings of the study have provided valuable information on the above processes and their interaction, and have demonstrated that the SAT system should be considered an attractive method for effluent reuse in areas where hydrogeological conditions are suitable for groundwater recharge via spreading basins.

scholarly journals Septage composition and pollution fluxes from cesspits in Palestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-915
Author(s):  
Belal Amous ◽  
Nidal Mahmoud ◽  
Peter van der Steen ◽  
Piet N. L. Lens
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Effluent Reuse ◽  
Pollution Loads

Abstract The cesspit septage quality and pollution loads of total nitrogen (TN) and heavy metals (HMs) from 50 cesspits were assessed during various filling periods. The average specific wastewater production, emptied septage and infiltrated septage were 49, 30 and 19 L/c d, respectively. The TN specific loads of septage fractions that were emptied and infiltrated were 8.5 and 3.3 g/c d, respectively. The concentrations of HMs (mg/L) in the septage were Cu (0.24), Ni (0.03), Pb (0.01), Mn (0.47), Fe (12.6), Cr (0.04) and Zn (1.23). The septage content of Cu, Mn and Fe did not comply with the Palestinian regulations for wadi disposal nor effluent reuse in agriculture. The specific TN infiltration from cesspits amounts to 29 kg TN/ha y. There was no relation between the HM and TN content of septage and the desludging frequency. The infiltrated septage contributed to as much as 15% of the total groundwater recharge in the study area. This study confirms that cesspits in Palestine should be replaced with proper wastewater management systems for adequate environmental protection.

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