Molecular weight and viscosifying power of alginates produced inAzotobacter vinelandiicultures in shake flasks under low power input

2015 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 1485-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Gómez-Pazarín ◽  
Celia Flores ◽  
Tania Castillo ◽  
Jochen Büchs ◽  
Enrique Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Shake Flasks

scholarly journals treNch: Ultra-Low Power Wireless Communication Protocol for IoT and Energy Harvesting

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6156
Author(s):  
Fernando Moreno-Cruz ◽  
Víctor Toral-López ◽  
Antonio Escobar-Molero ◽  
Víctor U. Ruíz ◽  
Almudena Rivadeneyra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Communication Protocol ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Wireless Communication Protocol

Although the number of Internet of Things devices increases every year, efforts to decrease hardware energy demands and to improve efficiencies of the energy-harvesting stages have reached an ultra-low power level. However, no current standard of wireless communication protocol (WCP) can fully address those scenarios. Our focus in this paper is to introduce treNch, a novel WCP implementing the cross-layer principle to use the power input for adapting its operation in a dynamic manner that goes from pure best-effort to nearly real time. Together with the energy-management algorithm, it operates with asynchronous transmissions, synchronous and optional receptions, short frame sizes and a light architecture that gives control to the nodes. These features make treNch an optimal option for wireless sensor networks with ultra-low power demands and severe energy fluctuations. We demonstrate through a comparison with different modes of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) a decrease of the power consumption in 1 to 2 orders of magnitude for different scenarios at equal quality of service. Moreover, we propose some security optimizations, such as shorter over-the-air counters, to reduce the packet overhead without decreasing the security level. Finally, we discuss other features aside of the energy needs, such as latency, reliability or topology, brought again against BLE.

scholarly journals Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Content in Ash from Solid Fuel Combustion in Low-Power Boilers

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6801
Author(s):  
Ewa Szatyłowicz ◽  
Wojciech Walendziuk
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Solid Fuel Combustion ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The production of thermal energy is one of the sources of environmental pollution, especially when it uses traditional fossil fuels (in particular hard and brown coal). Burning conventional fuels contributes to air pollution because of emitting gases and producing waste after the process of burning in the form of ash. The work below was aimed at determining the indirect emission of PAHs in the form of fly ash, depending on the type of fuel burned. The conducted research showed which solid fuel combustion content leaves the lowest content of PAH in the fly ash. This work contains the analysis and assessment of the content of 16 PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in fly ash from the combustion of five selected solid fuels in low-power boilers. The following fuels were chosen for the research: hard coal with granulation above 60 mm, coal with the grain size of 25–80 mm, coal with the grain size of 8–25 mm, pellets with the grain size of 6 mm, and mixed dry wood. The results of the research showed that the most frequent and most concentrated compounds were naphthalene and acenaphthylene from the PAH group. These hydrocarbons have the smallest number of rings in a molecule. It was also found that the content of the LMW (Low Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) fractions in the fly ash from the analyzed fuels in ∑PAHs exceeds 57% in the case of 6 mm pellets and in the case of the ash from wood and hard coal when the grain size >60 mm. The opposite dependence can be observed in the case of the HMW (High Molecular Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) fraction.

Pulsed Plasma Polymerizations: Film Chemistry Control and Applications

1998 ◽  
Vol 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliang WU ◽  
Licheng M. Han ◽  
Brett E. Thomes ◽  
Haibo Qiu ◽  
Charles R. Savage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Pulsed Plasma ◽  
Plasma Technique ◽  
Power Inputs

AbstractFilm chemistry control issues, as well as key properties of polymers synthesized under pulsed plasma conditions, are discussed. Distinctions between pulsed and continuous wave plasmas are examined, particularly as they relate to differences in the energy efficiency of film formation rates and to the range of available power inputs. Film stabilities, with special reference to polymers formed under very low power input conditions, are considered. Finally, selected applications involving use of the inherently high film chemistry controllability made available by the variable duty cycle pulsed plasma technique are described.

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