Amphiregulin in cellular physiology, health, and disease: Potential use as a biomarker and therapeutic target

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth S. Singh ◽  
Shashi B. Chauhan ◽  
Awnish Kumar ◽  
Shashi Kumar ◽  
Christian R. Engwerda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Cellular Physiology ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Potential Use

scholarly journals Adhesion GPCRs in Glioblastoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Stephan ◽  
Niklas Ravn-Boess ◽  
Dimitris G Placantonakis
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Basic Biology ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Receptor Family

Abstract Members of the adhesion family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have received attention for their roles in health and disease, including cancer. Over the past decade, several members of the family have been implicated in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. Here, we discuss the basic biology of adhesion GPCRs and review in detail specific members of the receptor family with known functions in glioblastoma. Finally, we discuss the potential use of adhesion GPCRs as novel treatment targets in neuro-oncology.

scholarly journals Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase Is a Multifaceted Therapeutic Target

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir F. Lazarev ◽  
Irina V. Guzhova ◽  
Boris A. Margulis
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Glycolytic Enzyme ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Cellular Physiology ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Pathologic Processes

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a glycolytic enzyme whose role in cell metabolism and homeostasis is well defined, while its function in pathologic processes needs further elucidation. Depending on the cell context, GAPDH may bind a number of physiologically important proteins, control their function and correspondingly affect the cell’s fate. These interprotein interactions and post-translational modifications of GAPDH mediate its cytotoxic or cytoprotective functions in the manner of a Janus-like molecule. In this review, we discuss the functional features of the enzyme in cellular physiology and its possible involvement in human pathologies. In the last part of the article, we describe drugs that can be employed to modulate this enzyme’s function in some pathologic states.

scholarly journals Roles of 14-3-3η in mitotic progression and its potential use as a therapeutic target for cancers

Oncogene ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1560-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
C G Lee ◽  
G-Y Park ◽  
Y K Han ◽  
J H Lee ◽  
S H Chun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Mitotic Progression ◽  
Potential Use

Stem cells and their potential relevance to paediatric cardiology

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Pillekamp ◽  
Michael Reppel ◽  
Konrad Brockmeier ◽  
Jürgen Hescheler
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
In Infants And Children

Basic scientists, as well as cardiologists, are caught by the idea of curing ischaemic heart disease with cardiac progenitor or stem cells. This short review provides an overview of our current knowledge on the potential use of stem cells for cardiac disease. Since, in infants and children, aetiologies and pathomechanisms of critical cardiac disease are fundamentally different from those in adults, we will also address the question as to whether such young patients could be a therapeutic target at all, and in which respect it may be necessary to view treatment with stem cells from a different stance in the developing organism.

scholarly journals GSK3 as a Regulator of Cytoskeleton Architecture: Consequences for Health and Disease

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2092
Author(s):  
Daria Hajka ◽  
Bartosz Budziak ◽  
Łukasz Pietras ◽  
Przemysław Duda ◽  
James A. McCubrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ◽  
Directional Migration ◽  
Cellular Physiology ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Migration Of Cells

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) was initially isolated as a critical protein in energy metabolism. However, subsequent studies indicate that GSK-3 is a multi-tasking kinase that links numerous signaling pathways in a cell and plays a vital role in the regulation of many aspects of cellular physiology. As a regulator of actin and tubulin cytoskeleton, GSK3 influences processes of cell polarization, interaction with the extracellular matrix, and directional migration of cells and their organelles during the growth and development of an animal organism. In this review, the roles of GSK3–cytoskeleton interactions in brain development and pathology, migration of healthy and cancer cells, and in cellular trafficking of mitochondria will be discussed.

MiR-492 as an Important Biomarker for Early Diagnosis and Targeted Treatment in Different Cancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-275
Author(s):  
Eskandar Taghizadeh ◽  
Forough Taheri ◽  
Daryoush Rostami ◽  
Pedram G. Renani ◽  
Gordon A. Ferns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Colorectal ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Hepatocellular Cancer ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Human Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Initiation ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Potential Use

Recent studies have led to a more detailed understanding of the roles played by microRNAs in health and disease, and their potential use as biomarkers in physiological and pathophysiological processes involving cancer initiation and progression. MiR-492 is encoded by a pseudogene, has a key role in some human cancer cells and its overexpression in tissues, and it has been proposed that it can be used as a good biomarker for management and early diagnosis of some cancers including breast cancer, colorectal and ovarian cancer, hepatocellular cancer, retinoblastoma and pancreatic cancer. The aim of this review was to summarize the data of MiR-492 for early diagnosis and treatment of some types of related cancers.

The Thioredoxin System as a Therapeutic Target in Human Health and Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1266-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dler Faieeq Darweesh Mahmood ◽  
Amna Abderrazak ◽  
Khadija El Hadri ◽  
Thomas Simmet ◽  
Mustapha Rouis
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Thioredoxin System ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Implication of Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) in Disease: Potential Biomarker or New Therapeutic Target

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Janeiro ◽  
María Ramírez ◽  
Fermin Milagro ◽  
J. Martínez ◽  
Maite Solas
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Monooxygenase Activity ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Health And Disease

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a molecule generated from choline, betaine, and carnitine via gut microbial metabolism. The plasma level of TMAO is determined by several factors including diet, gut microbial flora, drug administration and liver flavin monooxygenase activity. In humans, recent clinical studies evidence a positive correlation between elevated plasma levels of TMAO and an increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular events. A direct correlation between increased TMAO levels and neurological disorders has been also hypothesized. Several therapeutic strategies are being explored to reduce TMAO levels, including use of oral broad spectrum antibiotics, promoting the growth of bacteria that use TMAO as substrate and the development of target-specific molecules. Despite the accumulating evidence, it is questioned whether TMAO is the mediator of a bystander in the disease process. Thus, it is important to undertake studies to establish the role of TMAO in human health and disease. In this article, we reviewed dietary sources and metabolic pathways of TMAO, as well as screened the studies suggesting possible involvement of TMAO in the etiology of cardiovascular and neurological disorders, underlying the importance of TMAO mediating inflammatory processes. Finally, the potential utility of TMAO as therapeutic target is also analyzed.

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