scholarly journals Carotid body function and ventilatory responses in intermittent hypoxia. evidence for anomalous brainstem integration of arterial chemoreceptor input

2011 ◽  
Vol 226 (8) ◽  
pp. 1961-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Gonzalez-Martín ◽  
M.V. Vega-Agapito ◽  
S.V. Conde ◽  
J. Castañeda ◽  
R. Bustamante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Body Function ◽  
Ventilatory Responses ◽  
Arterial Chemoreceptor

Altered carotid body function by intermittent hypoxia in neonates and adults: Relevance to recurrent apneas

2007 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanduri R. Prabhakar ◽  
Yin-Jie Peng ◽  
Ganesh K. Kumar ◽  
Anita Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Body Function

scholarly journals Role of Endothelin‐1 in altered carotid body function by chronic intermittent hypoxia

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying‐Jie Peng ◽  
Jayasri Nanduri ◽  
Gayatri Raghuraman ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Ganesh K Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Body Function

scholarly journals Ventilatory responses and carotid body function in adult rats perinatally exposed to hyperoxia

2003 ◽  
Vol 554 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Prieto-Lloret ◽  
A. I. Caceres ◽  
A. Obeso ◽  
A. Rocher ◽  
R. Rigual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Body Function ◽  
Ventilatory Responses

scholarly journals NADPH Oxidase Is Required for the Sensory Plasticity of the Carotid Body by Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (15) ◽  
pp. 4903-4910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.- J. Peng ◽  
J. Nanduri ◽  
G. Yuan ◽  
N. Wang ◽  
E. Deneris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Sensory Plasticity

scholarly journals Bilateral Carotid Endarterectomy with Attempted Preservation of Carotid Body Function

1972 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Hickey ◽  
William K. Ehrenfeld ◽  
F. Norman Hamilton ◽  
C. Philip Labson
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Body Function ◽  
Bilateral Carotid

Excitatory amino acid receptors within NTS mediate arterial chemoreceptor reflexes in rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (2) ◽  
pp. H770-H773 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Zhang ◽  
S. W. Mifflin
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Pressor Responses ◽  
Carotid Body Chemoreceptors ◽  
Arterial Chemoreceptor ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Arterial Baroreceptor

The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) is the primary site of termination of arterial baroreceptor and chemoreceptor afferent fibers. Excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors within NTS have been shown to play an important role in the mediation of arterial baroreceptor reflexes; however, the importance of EAA receptors within NTS in the mediation of arterial chemoreceptor reflexes remains controversial. Therefore, in chloralose-urethan-anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, paralyzed rats, 4 nmol of the broad-spectrum EAA receptor antagonist kynurenic acid (Kyn) was injected into the NTS to observe the effects of EAA receptor blockade on the pressor responses evoked by either activation of ipsilateral carotid body chemoreceptors (by close arterial injection of CO2-saturated bicarbonate) or electrical stimulation of ipsilateral carotid sinus nerve (CSN). Under control conditions, activation of carotid body chemoreceptors and CSN stimulation evoked increases in arterial pressure of 27 +/- 2 (n = 24 sites) and 28 +/- 3% (n = 8), respectively. Kyn microinjection into NTS significantly reduced the pressor responses evoked by activation of carotid body chemoreceptors and electrical stimulation of the CSN for 20 and 25 min, respectively. Attenuation of pressor responses evoked by chemoreceptor activation were maximal at 20 min post-Kyn injection (13 +/- 2%), whereas CSN-evoked pressor responses were maximally attenuated at 15 min (6 +/- 4%). Microinjection into NTS of 4 nmol of xanthurenic acid, a structural analogue of Kyn with no EAA receptor antagonist properties, had no effect on chemoreceptor reflexes. We conclude that EAA receptors within NTS play an important role in the mediation of arterial chemoreceptor reflexes.

Predominant role of peripheral chemoreceptors in the termination of apnea in maturing newborn lambs

1996 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 892-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Delacourt ◽  
E. Canet ◽  
M. A. Bureau
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Pco2 Level ◽  
Peripheral Chemoreceptor ◽  
Arterial Pco2 ◽  
Postnatal Maturation ◽  
Body Function ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Prolonged Apnea ◽  
Arterial Po2

Apneas are very common and normal in newborns but may become life threatening if they are not terminated appropriately. The aim of this study in newborn lambs was to investigate the influence on apnea termination of postnatal maturation, peripheral chemoreceptor function, and hypoxia. Apneas were induced by passive hyperventilation at varying inspired O2 fraction levels. The apnea termination threshold PCO2 (PATTCO2) was defined as the arterial PCO2 value at the first breath after the apnea. Three groups of awake intubated lambs were studied: 1) intact lambs tested at both 1 and 15 days of life, 2) intact 1-day-old lambs with central tissue hypoxia induced by CO inhalation, and 3) 1-day-old lambs with carotid body denervation (CBD). In individual lambs and regardless of age and carotid body function, there was a PO2-PCO2 response curve that was a determinant for the termination of an apnea. PATTCO2 invariably increased when arterial PO2 increased, regardless of age. During hypoxia and normoxia, PATTCO2 was significantly lower in 15-day-old lambs compared with 1-day-old lambs. No difference was seen during hyperoxia. PATTCO2 values were shifted to higher levels after carotid body removal. Finally, hypoxia induced by either a low inspired O2 fraction or CO inhalation consistently failed to induce a depressive effect on the PATTCO2 even in CBD lambs. In conclusion, in awake newborn lambs, the PCO2 level for apnea termination changed with postnatal age, and carotid body function was essential in lowering PATTCO2, thus protecting the lambs against prolonged apnea. Furthermore, hypoxia consistently failed to depress the reinitiation of breathing after apnea, even in CBD lambs.

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