Altered carotid body function by intermittent hypoxia in neonates and adults: Relevance to recurrent apneas

2007 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanduri R. Prabhakar ◽  
Yin-Jie Peng ◽  
Ganesh K. Kumar ◽  
Anita Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Body Function

scholarly journals Carotid body function and ventilatory responses in intermittent hypoxia. evidence for anomalous brainstem integration of arterial chemoreceptor input

2011 ◽  
Vol 226 (8) ◽  
pp. 1961-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Gonzalez-Martín ◽  
M.V. Vega-Agapito ◽  
S.V. Conde ◽  
J. Castañeda ◽  
R. Bustamante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Body Function ◽  
Ventilatory Responses ◽  
Arterial Chemoreceptor

scholarly journals Role of Endothelin‐1 in altered carotid body function by chronic intermittent hypoxia

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying‐Jie Peng ◽  
Jayasri Nanduri ◽  
Gayatri Raghuraman ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Ganesh K Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Body Function

scholarly journals NADPH Oxidase Is Required for the Sensory Plasticity of the Carotid Body by Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (15) ◽  
pp. 4903-4910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.- J. Peng ◽  
J. Nanduri ◽  
G. Yuan ◽  
N. Wang ◽  
E. Deneris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Sensory Plasticity

scholarly journals Bilateral Carotid Endarterectomy with Attempted Preservation of Carotid Body Function

1972 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Hickey ◽  
William K. Ehrenfeld ◽  
F. Norman Hamilton ◽  
C. Philip Labson
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Body Function ◽  
Bilateral Carotid

Predominant role of peripheral chemoreceptors in the termination of apnea in maturing newborn lambs

1996 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 892-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Delacourt ◽  
E. Canet ◽  
M. A. Bureau
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Pco2 Level ◽  
Peripheral Chemoreceptor ◽  
Arterial Pco2 ◽  
Postnatal Maturation ◽  
Body Function ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Prolonged Apnea ◽  
Arterial Po2

Apneas are very common and normal in newborns but may become life threatening if they are not terminated appropriately. The aim of this study in newborn lambs was to investigate the influence on apnea termination of postnatal maturation, peripheral chemoreceptor function, and hypoxia. Apneas were induced by passive hyperventilation at varying inspired O2 fraction levels. The apnea termination threshold PCO2 (PATTCO2) was defined as the arterial PCO2 value at the first breath after the apnea. Three groups of awake intubated lambs were studied: 1) intact lambs tested at both 1 and 15 days of life, 2) intact 1-day-old lambs with central tissue hypoxia induced by CO inhalation, and 3) 1-day-old lambs with carotid body denervation (CBD). In individual lambs and regardless of age and carotid body function, there was a PO2-PCO2 response curve that was a determinant for the termination of an apnea. PATTCO2 invariably increased when arterial PO2 increased, regardless of age. During hypoxia and normoxia, PATTCO2 was significantly lower in 15-day-old lambs compared with 1-day-old lambs. No difference was seen during hyperoxia. PATTCO2 values were shifted to higher levels after carotid body removal. Finally, hypoxia induced by either a low inspired O2 fraction or CO inhalation consistently failed to induce a depressive effect on the PATTCO2 even in CBD lambs. In conclusion, in awake newborn lambs, the PCO2 level for apnea termination changed with postnatal age, and carotid body function was essential in lowering PATTCO2, thus protecting the lambs against prolonged apnea. Furthermore, hypoxia consistently failed to depress the reinitiation of breathing after apnea, even in CBD lambs.

scholarly journals Exposure to cyclic intermittent hypoxia increases expression of functional NMDA receptors in the rat carotid body

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhen Liu ◽  
En-Sheng Ji ◽  
Shuanglin Xiang ◽  
Renaud Tamisier ◽  
Jingli Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Excitatory Neurotransmitter ◽  
Mk 801 ◽  
Baseline Activity ◽  
Nmda Receptor Blocker

Although large quantities of glutamate are found in the carotid body, to date this excitatory neurotransmitter has not been assigned a role in chemoreception. To examine the possibility that glutamate and its N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play a role in acclimatization after exposure to cyclic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), we exposed male Sprague-Dawley rats to cyclic hypoxia or to room air sham (Sham) for 8 h/day for 3 wk. Using RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry, we found that ionotropic NMDA receptors, including NMDAR1, NMDAR2A, NMDAR2A/2B, are strongly expressed in the carotid body and colocalize with tyrosine hydroxylase in glomus cells. CIH exposure enhanced the expression of NMDAR1 and NMDAR2A/2B but did not substantially change the level of NMDAR2A. We assessed in vivo carotid sinus nerve activity (CSNA) at baseline, in response to acute hypoxia, in response to infused NMDA, and in response to infused endothelin-1 (ET-1) with and without MK-801, an NMDA receptor blocker. Infusion of NMDA augmented CSNA in CIH rats (124.61 ± 2.64% of baseline) but not in sham-exposed rats. Administration of MK-801 did not alter baseline activity or response to acute hypoxia, in either CIH or sham animals but did reduce the effect of ET-1 infusion on CSNA (CSNA after ET-1 = 160.96 ± 8.05% of baseline; ET-1 after MK-801 = 118.56 ± 9.12%). We conclude that 3-wk CIH exposure increases expression of NMDA functional receptors in rats, suggesting glutamate and its receptors may play a role in hypoxic acclimatization to CIH.

Role of Carotid Body in Intermittent Hypoxia-Related Hypertension

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Iturriaga ◽  
María Paz Oyarce ◽  
Ana Carolina Rodrigues Dias
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia

scholarly journals Ebselen prevents the carotid body chemosensory potentiation and reverses the hypertension induced by intermittent hypoxia (873.1)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Moya ◽  
Paulina Arias ◽  
Varela Carlos ◽  
Maria Oyarce ◽  
Rodrigo Iturriaga
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia
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