scholarly journals Measures of Physical Performance and Muscle Strength as Predictors of Fracture Risk Independent of FRAX, Falls, and aBMD: A Meta-Analysis of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2150-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas C Harvey ◽  
Anders Odén ◽  
Eric Orwoll ◽  
Jodi Lapidus ◽  
Timothy Kwok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures

scholarly journals 64 Association between Risk of Osteoporotic Fractures with Spinal Morphology, Muscle Strength and Physical Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv13-iv17
Author(s):  
Siew Kuan Chua ◽  
Devinder ◽  
KA Singh ◽  
Bala S Rajaratnam ◽  
Sabarul Afian Mokhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Results

Abstract Osteoporotic related fractures (OF) are associated with functional impairments and declined quality of life. Low bone mineral density is one of the main risk factor for OF. However, there is limited information regarding the association of spinal morphology, muscle strength and physical performance with OF. The aim of the study was to examine association between risk of osteoporotic fractures with spinal morphology (thoracolumbar curvature and back extensors muscle strength), muscle strength and physical performance. 105 adults aged 50 years and above (69.3+ 8.5 years) were recruited for this cross-sectional study from a spine orthopaedic clinic. Thoracolumbar curvature, back extensors (BEMS) and handgrip (HGS) muscle strength were measured using an electromagnetic tracking system, a load-cell system and hand-held dynamometer respectively. Physical performance was assessed using Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Participants were categorised for major osteoporotic fracture risk (major OF) with cut-point 10% using fracture risk calculator (FRAX®) with BMD. Student t-test analysis demonstrated that there is a significant (p<0.05) difference between participants with low risk and moderate to high risk of major OF for BEMS, HGS, and SPPB. Adjusted logistic models (forward and backward), showed that lower HGS and physical performance were associated with increased risk of major OF (HGS: OR = 0.18 [95% CI, 0.07–0.48]; SPPB: OR = 0.32[95% CI, 0.13–0.80]). Our study results suggest that declined muscle strength and physical performance is associated with higher risk of OF. It is important to promote optimum muscle strength and physical performance among older adults in the prevention of OF.

scholarly journals Effects of different exercise training modes on muscle strength and physical performance in older people with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linqian Lu ◽  
Lin Mao ◽  
Yuwei Feng ◽  
Barbara E. Ainsworth ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Older People ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Objective We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the effects of different exercise modes (resistance training [RT], whole body vibration training [WBVT], and mixed training [MT, resistance training combined with other exercises such as balance, endurance and aerobic training]) on muscle strength (knee extension strength [KES]) and physical performance (Timed Up and Go [TUG], gait speed [GS] and the Chair Stand [CS]) in older people with sarcopenia. Method All studies published from January 2010 to March 2021 on the effects of exercise training in older people with sarcopenia were retrieved from 6 electronic databases: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Database. Two researchers independently extracted and evaluated studies that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pooled analyses for pre- and post- outcome measurements were performed using Review Manager 5.4 with standardized mean differences (SMDs) and fixed-effect models. Result Twenty-six studies (25 randomized controlled trails [RCTs] and one non-randomized controlled trail) were included in this study with 1191 older people with sarcopenia (mean age 60.6 ± 2.3 to 89.5 ± 4.4). Compared with a control group, RT and MT significantly improved KES (RT, SMD = 1.36, 95% confidence intervals [95% CI]: 0.71 to 2.02, p < 0.0001, I2 = 72%; MT, SMD = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.95, p = 0.0002, I2 = 56%) and GS (RT, SMD = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.04 to 2.97, p < 0.0001, I2 = 84%; MT, SMD = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.29 to 1.09, p = 0.008, I2 = 81%). WBVT showed no changes in KES (SMD = 0.65, 95% CI: − 0.02 to 1.31, p = 0.06, I2 = 80%) or GS (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI: − 0.15 to 0.39, p = 0.38, I2 = 0%). TUG times were significantly improved with all exercise training modes (SMD = -0.66, 95% CI: − 0.94 to − 0.38, p < 0.00001, I2 = 60%). There were no changes in CS times with any of the exercise training modes (SMD = 0.11, 95% CI: − 0.36 to 0.57, p = 0.65, I2 = 87%). Conclusions In older people with sarcopenia, KES and GS can be improved by RT and MT, but not by WBVT. All three training modes improved TUG times, but not improved CS times.

Effect of nutritional supplementations on physical performance and muscle strength parameters in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Veronese ◽  
Brendon Stubbs ◽  
Leonardo Punzi ◽  
Pinar Soysal ◽  
Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Older People ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Strength Parameters

Decline in Muscle Strength and Performance Predicts Fracture Risk in Elderly Women and Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. e3363-e3373
Author(s):  
Dima Alajlouni ◽  
Dana Bliuc ◽  
Thach Tran ◽  
John A Eisman ◽  
Tuan V Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Context Muscle strength and performance are associated with fractures. However, the contribution of their rate of decline is unclear. Objective To assess the independent contribution of the rate of decline in muscle strength and performance to fracture risk. Design, Setting, and Participants Community-dwelling women (n = 811) and men (n = 440) aged 60 years or older from the prospective Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study followed from 2000 to 2018 for incident fracture. Clinical data, appendicular lean mass/height2 (ht)2, bone mineral density, quadricep strength/ht (QS), timed get-up-and-go (TGUG), 5 times repeated sit-to-stand (5xSTS), and gait speed (GS) measured biennially. Rates of decline in muscle parameters were calculated using ordinary least squares regression and fracture risk was assessed using Cox’s models. Main Outcome Incident low-trauma fracture ascertained by x-ray report. Results Apart from lean mass in women, all muscle parameters declined over time. Greater rates of decline in physical performance were associated with increased fracture risk in women (Hazard ratios [HRs] ranging from 2.1 (95% CI: 1.5–2.9) for GS to 2.7 (95% CI: 1.9–3.6) for 5xSTS, while in men only the decline in GS was associated with fracture risk (HR: 3.4 [95% CI: 1.8–6.3]). Baseline performance and strength were also associated with increased fracture risk in men (HRs ranging from 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1–3.0) for QS to 2.5 (95% CI: 1.5–4.1) for TGUG, but not in women. Conclusion Rate of decline in physical performance in both genders, and baseline strength and performance in men, contributed independently to fracture risk. Sit-to-stand and GS were the tests most consistently associated with fractures. Further studies are required to determine whether muscle strength and/or performance improve the predictive accuracy of fracture prediction models.

scholarly journals Impact of exercise training on sarcopenia associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gonzalez ◽  
Mayalen Valero-Breton ◽  
Camila Huerta-Salgado ◽  
Oscar Achiardi ◽  
Felipe Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess the efficacy of physical exercise on strength, muscle mass and physical function in adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Design: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of seven studies to investigate the effect of exercise training interventions in muscle strength, muscle mass and physical performance. Data sources: We identified relevant randomised controlled trials (RCT) in electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus). Eligibility criteria: We selected seven RCTs from 66 screened studies. The inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed and English writing articles that included adult patients with liver disease of non-alcoholic origin, applied resistance training, endurance training or both, and assayed at least one variable of sarcopenia. Results: Physical performance criterion improved in the exercise groups (mean differences [MD] 8.26 mL/Kg*min [95% CI 5.27 to 11.24 mL/Kg*min], p < 0.0001) versus the control groups; muscle mass, determined as lean body mass (LBM), showed no evidence of the beneficial effects of exercise versus the control groups (MD 1.01 Kg [95% CI -1.78 to 3.80 Kg], p = 0.48); we did not include muscle strength, as none of the selected studies evaluated it. Summary/conclusion: Exercise training is a useful intervention strategy to treat sarcopenia in patients with NAFLD; it increases their physical performance in the form of aerobic capacity but does not affect LBM. Future research should include muscle strength assessments and resistance training to evaluate the effects of exercise training on sarcopenia in NAFLD patients. PROSPERO reference number CRD42020191471

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