On the generality of preference for contingent reinforcement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly C. Gover ◽  
Gregory P. Hanley ◽  
Kelsey W. Ruppel
Keyword(s):  
Contingent Reinforcement

Adaptiveness, law-of-effect theory, and control-system theory

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-253
Author(s):  
S. R. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
System Theory ◽  
Control System ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Contingent Reinforcement ◽  
Adaptive Process ◽  
Effect Theory ◽  
And Control

It is suggested that the control-system theory of Domjan et al. restates in engineering vocabulary the primary thesis of law-of-effect theories: namely, that classical-conditioning arrangements may involve CR-contingent reinforcement. The research cited by Domjan et al. is relevant to the idea that classical conditioning is an adaptive process, but is irrelevant to their control-system theory.

Effects of Differential Reinforcement Procedures on Discrimination Learning by Institutionalized Mentally Retarded Children

1973 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-450
Author(s):  
John Raymond Blair ◽  
Bruce R. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Reinforcement ◽  
Contingent Reinforcement ◽  
Token Reinforcement ◽  
Response Contingent ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
Reinforcement Procedure

Institutionalized mentally retarded children performed on a two-choice discrimination task under one of 6 conditions of reward (response-contingent consumable, response-contingent nonconsumable, token-consumable, token-nonconsumable, token, social). The results indicated that response-contingent nonconsumable rewards were not more distracting than response-contingent consumable rewards nor was the presentation of material rewards by the token-reinforcement procedure less distracting than the response-contingent reinforcement procedure. Further, social reinforcement was less effective than response-contingent nonconsumable rewards; however, no differences were found between social reinforcement and the other material rewards regardless of reinforcement procedure.

Effects of Alcohol on Variability-Contingent Reinforcement in Human Subjects

1989 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. McKinley ◽  
Yolanda G. Quevedo-Converse ◽  
Lowell T. Crow
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Response Sequence ◽  
Behavioral Variability ◽  
Contingent Reinforcement

Subjects responded under LAG-5 reinforcement conditions after consuming alcohol in table wine (0.4 g/kg ethanol). For reinforcement (points), a four-response sequence from two buttons was required which differed from the previous five sequences of four responses. In addition, some subjects responded under restricted conditions in which sequences were limited to those of moving a cursor within a 3 × 3 matrix, while other subjects had no such restrictions. Also some subjects worked alone while others were accompanied by an experimenter. Analysis showed that compared to controls, men in the unrestricted condition who received alcohol showed increased uncertainty in responding while comparable women receiving alcohol showed a decrease in uncertainty of responding. The results are discussed in terms of previous work on alcohol and behavioral variability.

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