Continuous measurement of whole-tree water balance for studying urban tree transpiration

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (17) ◽  
pp. 3056-3068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Asawa ◽  
Tomoki Kiyono ◽  
Akira Hoyano
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Tree Transpiration ◽  
Whole Tree

Effect of pavement and water deficit on biomass allocation and whole-tree transpiration in two contrasting urban tree species

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 893-904
Author(s):  
Xuming Wang ◽  
Xiaoke Wang ◽  
Xu Sun ◽  
Graeme P. Berlyn ◽  
Abdur Rehim
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Tree Transpiration ◽  
Whole Tree

scholarly journals Tree Transpiration and Urban Temperatures: Current Understanding, Implications, and Future Research Directions

BioScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 576-588
Author(s):  
Joy B Winbourne ◽  
Taylor S Jones ◽  
Sarah M Garvey ◽  
Jamie L Harrison ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Urban Canopy ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Extreme Heat Events ◽  
Tree Transpiration ◽  
Future Research Directions

Abstract The expansion of an urban tree canopy is a commonly proposed nature-based solution to combat excess urban heat. The influence trees have on urban climates via shading is driven by the morphological characteristics of trees, whereas tree transpiration is predominantly a physiological process dependent on environmental conditions and the built environment. The heterogeneous nature of urban landscapes, unique tree species assemblages, and land management decisions make it difficult to predict the magnitude and direction of cooling by transpiration. In the present article, we synthesize the emerging literature on the mechanistic controls on urban tree transpiration. We present a case study that illustrates the relationship between transpiration (using sap flow data) and urban temperatures. We examine the potential feedbacks among urban canopy, the built environment, and climate with a focus on extreme heat events. Finally, we present modeled data demonstrating the influence of transpiration on temperatures with shifts in canopy extent and irrigation during a heat wave.

Influence of tree transpiration on mass water balance of mixed mountain forests of the West Carpathians

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarína Střelcová ◽  
Jozef Minďáš ◽  
Jaroslav Škvarenina
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Sap Flow ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Tree Transpiration ◽  
Precipitation Total ◽  
Beech Stand ◽  
Snow Precipitation

AbstractBrief information about water balance of the Carpathian temperate forest ecosystem are presented in the paper. Experimental research was done in a mature mixed fir-spruce-beech stand in the research plot “Pol’ana-Hukavský grúň” (850 m a.s.l.) in the south-eastern part of Pol’ana Mts. in the Biosphere Reserve UNESCO in Central Slovakia. Individual parameters of water budget have been continuously monitored. The water consumption of the model beech trees, as well as approximate model beech stand transpiration was estimated on the basis of sap flow measurements and up-scaling through dendrometrical approach. Sap flow of model beech trees was estimated by direct, non-destructive and continuous measurements by tree-trunk heat balance method with internal heating and sensing of temperature. These values were compared with potential evapotranspiration according to Türc. Precipitation parameters (rain and snow precipitation, through-fall precipitation, stem-flow, fog/snow precipitation and infiltration) have been measured simultaneously. Results of mass water balance and the portion of the tree transpiration within the individual water flows are presented. Evapotranspiration of beech-fir forest ecosystem in the middle mountain region (850 m a.s.l.) includes: transpiration (35% of precipitation total), interception (21%), evaporation (8%). There are differences between tree species in mass of transpirated water. Transpiration of spruce and fir reaches two-thirds of beech transpiration. Fog precipitation contribution to the water balance of beech-fir stand is 5%. Concurrently fog precipitation lowers the interception losses of vertical precipitation.

scholarly journals Effects of different pruning methods on an urban tree species: A four-year-experiment scaling down from the whole tree to the chloroplasts

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 664-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fini ◽  
P. Frangi ◽  
M. Faoro ◽  
R. Piatti ◽  
G. Amoroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Scaling Down ◽  
Pruning Methods ◽  
Whole Tree

Environmental drivers of spatial variation in whole-tree transpiration in an aspen-dominated upland-to-wetland forest gradient

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Loranty ◽  
D. Scott Mackay ◽  
Brent E. Ewers ◽  
Jonathan D. Adelman ◽  
Eric L. Kruger
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Wetland Forest ◽  
Tree Transpiration ◽  
Whole Tree

Xylem hydraulic properties in subtropical coniferous trees influence radial patterns of sap flow: implications for whole tree transpiration estimates using sap flow sensors

Trees ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Guyot ◽  
Kasper T. Ostergaard ◽  
Junliang Fan ◽  
Nadia S. Santini ◽  
David A. Lockington
Keyword(s):  
Sap Flow ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Flow Sensors ◽  
Coniferous Trees ◽  
Tree Transpiration ◽  
Sap Flow Sensors ◽  
Whole Tree

Water Balance of an Australian Subtropical Rainforest at Altitude: the Ecological and Physiological Significance of Intercepted Cloud and Fog

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay B. Hutley ◽  
David Doley ◽  
David J. Yates ◽  
Arthorn Boonsaner
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Tree Transpiration ◽  
Fog Deposition ◽  
Dry Seasons

A water balance study of a small subtropical rainforest catchment (10 ha, 1000 m altitude) was conducted at Gambubal State Forest, near the headwaters of the Condamine River, 200 km south-west of Brisbane, south-eastern Queensland. Mean annual rainfall of the site is approximately 1125 mm, but is variable and often less than 900 mm. Tree transpiration rates are low and depletion of the large soil moisture reserves enables extraction for lengthy periods of time, permitting survival during extended dry seasons (May–November). Fog deposition to the forest provides the equivalent of an additional 40% of rainfall to the site as measured using a conventional rain gauge. A frequently wet canopy results in reduced transpiration rates and direct foliar absorption of moisture alleviates water deficits of the upper crown leaves and branches during the dry season. These features of this vegetation type may enable long-term survival at what could be considered to be a marginal rainforest site.

scholarly journals Effects of size and microclimate on whole-tree water use and hydraulic regulation inSchima superbatrees

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5164
Author(s):  
Xiao-wei Zhao ◽  
Lei Ouyang ◽  
Ping Zhao ◽  
Chun-fang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Canopy Conductance ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Sap Flux Density ◽  
Tree Water Use ◽  
Tree Transpiration ◽  
Whole Tree

BackgroundPlant-water relations have been of significant concern in forestry and ecology studies in recent years, yet studies investigating the annual differences in the characteristics of inter-class water consumption in trees are scarce.MethodsWe classified 15 trees from aSchima superbaplantation in subtropical South China into four ranks using diameter at breast height (DBH). The inter-class and whole-tree water use were compared based on three parameters: sap flux density, whole-tree transpiration and canopy transpiration over two years. Inter-class hydraulic parameters, such as leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, hydraulic conductance, and canopy conductance were also compared.Results(1) Mean water consumption of the plantation was 287.6 mm over a year, 165.9 mm in the wet season, and 121.7 mm in the dry season. Annual mean daily water use was 0.79 mm d−1, with a maximum of 1.39 mm d−1. (2) Isohydrodynamic behavior were found inS. superba. (3) Transpiration was regulated via both hydraulic conductance and stoma; however, there was an annual difference in which predominantly regulated transpiration.DiscussionThis study quantified annual and seasonal water use of aS. superbaplantation and revealed the coordinated effect of stoma and hydraulic conductance on transpiration. These results provide information for large-scale afforestation and future water management.

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