scholarly journals Genetic variation in G72 correlates with brain activation in the right middle temporal gyrus in a verbal fluency task in healthy individuals

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Krug ◽  
Valentin Markov ◽  
Sören Krach ◽  
Andreas Jansen ◽  
Klaus Zerres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Middle Temporal ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fluency Task

Verbal and design fluency in patients with frontal lobe lesions

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 586-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIANA V. BALDO ◽  
ARTHUR P. SHIMAMURA ◽  
DEAN C. DELIS ◽  
JOEL KRAMER ◽  
EDITH KAPLAN
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Frontal Lobe Lesions ◽  
Design Fluency ◽  
The Right ◽  
Frontal Lesions ◽  
Fluency Task

The ability to generate items belonging to categories in verbal fluency tasks has been attributed to frontal cortex. Nonverbal fluency (e.g., design fluency) has been assessed separately and found to rely on the right hemisphere or right frontal cortex. The current study assessed both verbal and nonverbal fluency in a single group of patients with focal, frontal lobe lesions and age- and education-matched control participants. In the verbal fluency task, participants generated items belonging to both letter cues (F, A, and S) and category cues (animals and boys' names). In the design fluency task, participants generated novel designs by connecting dot arrays with 4 straight lines. A switching condition was included in both verbal and design fluency tasks and required participants to switch back and forth between different sets (e.g., between naming fruits and furniture). As a group, patients with frontal lobe lesions were impaired, compared to control participants, on both verbal and design fluency tasks. Patients with left frontal lesions performed worse than patients with right frontal lesions on the verbal fluency task, but the 2 groups performed comparably on the design fluency task. Both patients and control participants were impacted similarly by the switching conditions. These results suggest that verbal fluency is more dependent on left frontal cortex, while nonverbal fluency tasks, such as design fluency, recruit both right and left frontal processes. (JINS, 2001, 7, 586–596.)

Disrupted Brain Activation and Deactivation Pattern during Semantic Verbal Fluency Task in Patients with Major Depression

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Takamura ◽  
Yasumasa Okamoto ◽  
Go Okada ◽  
Shigeru Toki ◽  
Tetsuya Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Semantic Verbal Fluency ◽  
Fluency Task

scholarly journals Prefrontal Functional Connectivity During the Verbal Fluency Task in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suh-Yeon Dong ◽  
JongKwan Choi ◽  
Yeonsoo Park ◽  
Seung Yeon Baik ◽  
Minjee Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Fluency Task

Deviations in activation patterns and functional connectivity have been observed in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with prefrontal hemodynamics of patients compared with healthy individuals. The graph-theoretical approach provides useful network metrics for evaluating functional connectivity. The evaluation of functional connectivity during a cognitive task can be used to explain the neurocognitive mechanism underlying the cognitive impairments caused by depression. Overall, 31 patients with MDD and 43 healthy individuals completed a verbal fluency task (VFT) while wearing a head-mounted functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) devices. Hemodynamics and functional connectivity across eight prefrontal subregions in the two groups were analyzed and compared. We observed a reduction in prefrontal activation and weaker overall and interhemispheric subregion-wise correlations in the patient group compared with corresponding values in the control group. Moreover, efficiency, the network measure related to the effectiveness of information transfer, showed a significant between-group difference [t (71.64) = 3.66, corrected p < 0.001] along with a strong negative correlation with depression severity (rho = −0.30, p = 0.009). The patterns of prefrontal functional connectivity differed significantly between the patient and control groups during the VFT. Network measures can quantitatively characterize the reduction in functional connectivity caused by depression. The efficiency of the functional network may play an important role in the understanding of depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals A Verbal Fluency Task‐Based Brain Activation fMRI Study in Patients with Crohn's Disease in Remission

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 630-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena A. Nair ◽  
Keith Dodd ◽  
Shruti Rajan ◽  
Anu Santhanubosu ◽  
Poonam Beniwal‐Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Fluency Task

scholarly journals Prefrontal Cortex Activation During Verbal Fluency Task and Tower of London Task in Schizophrenia and Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilei Xiang ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Chang Shu ◽  
Zhongchun Liu ◽  
Huiling Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Fluency Task

Background: Cognitive dysfunction is a common clinical feature of mental disorders. A number of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies have shown reduced prefrontal activation during the verbal fluency task (VFT) in schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, no studies have examined and compared the brain activation patterns during the Tower of London (TOL), which is another classic, high-sensitivity executive function testing tool, in these two serious mental disorders. This study aimed to assess the characteristics of brain activation during the two different cognitive tasks in SZ and MDD patients.Methods: This study recruited 30 patients with SZ, 30 patients with MDD, and 30 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs). The hemodynamic changes of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) were measured using 32-channel fNIRS during performance of the TOL task and VFT task.Results: SZ patients showed poorer VFT performance than MDD patients and HCs, and the two patient groups showed poorer TOL performance than HCs. Compared to HCs, both of the patient groups exhibited a significant decreased activation in the extensive PFC. Particularly in certain channels in the dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC), SZ patients exhibited significantly decreased hemodynamic changes than the MDD patients.Conclusions: Patients with SZ and MDD have different levels of impairment in different cognitive domains and different patterns of brain activation during the two cognitive tasks. Further research is needed to determine the use of fNIRS for clinical evaluation and diagnosis.

scholarly journals Time course of regional brain activation associated with onset of auditory/verbal hallucinations

2008 ◽  
Vol 193 (5) ◽  
pp. 424-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph E. Hoffman ◽  
Adam W. Anderson ◽  
Maxine Varanko ◽  
John C. Gore ◽  
Michelle Hampson
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Middle Temporal ◽  
Auditory Verbal Hallucinations ◽  
Regional Brain ◽  
Composite Maps ◽  
The Right

SummaryThe time course of brain activation prior to onset of auditory/ verbal hallucinations was characterised using functional magnetic resonance imaging in six dextral patients with schizophrenia. Composite maps of pre-hallucination periods revealed activation in the left anterior insula and in the right middle temporal gyrus, partially replicating two previous case reports, as well as deactivation in the anterior cingulate and parahippocampal gyri. These findings may reflect brain events that trigger or increase vulnerability to auditory/verbal hallucinations.

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