scholarly journals Effects of Chinese medicines on monacolin K production and related genes transcription of Monascus ruber in red mold rice fermentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2134-2142
Author(s):  
Lin Peng ◽  
Aisikaer Ai‐lati ◽  
Shuangping Liu ◽  
Zhongwei Ji ◽  
Jian Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monacolin K ◽  
Monascus Ruber ◽  
Chinese Medicines ◽  
Red Mold Rice

scholarly journals Synchronous High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Photodiode Array Detector and Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of Citrinin, Monascin, Ankaflavin, and the Lactone and Acid Forms of Monacolin K in Red Mold Rice

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Lun Wu ◽  
Yao-Haur Kuo ◽  
Chun-Lin Lee ◽  
Ya-Wen Hsu ◽  
Tzu-Ming Pan
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Monacolin K ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Photodiode Array Detector ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Red Mold Rice ◽  
Product Red ◽  
Yellow Pigments

Abstract The Monascus fermentation product red mold rice (RMR) has been found to contain the cholesterol-lowering agent monacolin K (MK) in both its lactone (MKL) and acid (MKA) forms and the mycotoxin citrinin (CT). The yellow pigments in RMR, namely, monascin (MS) and ankaflavin (AK), have been reported to exhibit antimetastatic and antiangiogenic activities. Currently, MK and these yellow pigments are usually detected in RMR by different analytical methods that are inconvenient, expensive, and time-consuming. The goal of this study was to establish a rapid, synchronous analytical method for determination of the MKA, MKL, MS, AK, and CT levels in RMR. MKA, MKL, MS, AK, and CT were extracted by the same extraction method, then separated by RP-HPLC with a C18 column. The effluent from the column was passed through a photodiode array detector and then introduced directly into a fluorescence detector. The results showed that high recovery rates of MKA, MKL, MS, AK, and CT are possible if RMR powder is extracted with 75% ethanol (10 mL) at 80°C for 30 min. With regard to the optimal conditions of the HPLC, the peaks of MKA, MKL, MS, AK, and CT can be clearly separated from any noise peaks by isocratic elution with a mobile phase comprising 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile–water (62.5 + 37.5, v/v).

scholarly journals Perspectives on Functional Red Mold Rice: Functional Ingredients, Production, and Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Yanli ◽  
Yu Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Synthesis ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Monacolin K ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Statin Intolerance ◽  
Functional Ingredients ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Red Mold Rice

Monacolin K (MK) is a secondary metabolite of the Monascus species that can inhibit cholesterol synthesis. Functional red mold rice (FRMR) is the fermentation product of Monascus spp., which is rich in MK. FRMR is usually employed to regulate serum cholesterol, especially for hypercholesterolemic patients who refuse statins or face statin intolerance. The present perspective summarized the bioactive components of FRMR and their functions. Subsequently, efficient strategies for FRMR production, future challenges of FRMR application, and possible directions were proposed. This perspective helps to understand the present situation and developmental prospects of FRMR.

scholarly journals A Simple and Rapid Approach for Removing Citrinin while Retaining Monacolin K in Red Mold Rice

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (26) ◽  
pp. 11101-11108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Lin Lee ◽  
Wen-Pei Chen ◽  
Jyh-Jye Wang ◽  
Tzu-Ming Pan
Keyword(s):  
Monacolin K ◽  
Red Mold Rice

Using millet as substrate for efficient production of monacolin K by solid-state fermentation of Monascus ruber

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Bo Zhang ◽  
Hong-Bo Xing ◽  
Bing-Jie Jiang ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Gan-Rong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Monacolin K ◽  
Monascus Ruber

scholarly journals Red Mold Rice Mitigates Oral Carcinogenesis in 7,12-Dimethyl-1,2-Benz[a]anthracene-Induced Oral Carcinogenesis in Hamster

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruei-Lan Tsai ◽  
Bing-Ying Ho ◽  
Tzu-Ming Pan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Monacolin K ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Oral Carcinogenesis ◽  
Oral Tumor ◽  
Red Mold Rice

The prevalence of oral tumor has exponentially increased in recent years; however, the effective therapies or prevention strategies are not sufficient. Red mold rice is a traditional Chinese food, and several reports have demonstrated that red mold rice had an anti-tumor effect. However, the possible anti-tumor mechanisms of the red mold rice are unclear. In this study, we examined the anti-tumor effect of red mold rice on 7,12-dimethyl-1,2-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral tumor in hamster. The ethanol extract of red mold rice (RMRE) treatment significantly decreases the levels of DMBA-induced reactive oxygen species, nitro oxide and prostaglandin E2than those of the lovastatin-treated group (P< .001). Moreover, RMRE decreases the formation of oral tumor induced by DMBA. Monacolin K, monascin, ankaflavin or other red mold rice metabolites had been reported to decrease inflammation and oxidative stress and exerted anti-tumor effects. Therefore, we evaluated the anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress effects of monacolin K, monascin, ankaflavin and citrinin in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 cells. We found that RMRE reduced the LPS-induced nitrite levels in RAW264.7 cells better than monacolin K, monascin, ankaflavin or citrinin (P< .05).

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