For species reintroduction, it’s all politics

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-207
Author(s):  
Leeann Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Species Reintroduction

scholarly journals Minimizing Potential Allee Effects in Psittacine Reintroductions: An Example from Puerto Rico

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Thomas H. White ◽  
Wilfredo Abreu ◽  
Gabriel Benitez ◽  
Arelis Jhonson ◽  
Marisel Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Allee Effects ◽  
Species Reintroduction ◽  
Social Species ◽  
Potential Applicability ◽  
Amazona Vittata ◽  
Puerto Rican Parrot ◽  
Release Strategy

The family Psittacidae is comprised of over 400 species, an ever-increasing number of which are considered threatened with extinction. In recent decades, conservation strategies for these species have increasingly employed reintroduction as a technique for reestablishing populations in previously extirpated areas. Because most Psittacines are highly social and flocking species, reintroduction efforts may face the numerical and methodological challenge of overcoming initial Allee effects during the critical establishment phase of the reintroduction. These Allee effects can result from failures to achieve adequate site fidelity, survival and flock cohesion of released individuals, thus jeopardizing the success of the reintroduction. Over the past 20 years, efforts to reestablish and augment populations of the critically endangered Puerto Rican parrot (Amazona vittata) have periodically faced the challenge of apparent Allee effects. These challenges have been mitigated via a novel release strategy designed to promote site fidelity, flock cohesion and rapid reproduction of released parrots. Efforts to date have resulted in not only the reestablishment of an additional wild population in Puerto Rico, but also the reestablishment of the species in the El Yunque National Forest following its extirpation there by the Category 5 hurricane Maria in 2017. This promising release strategy has potential applicability in reintroductions of other psittacines and highly social species in general.

scholarly journals Reintroduction of fishes in Canada: a review of research progress for SARA-listed species

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-599
Author(s):  
Karl A. Lamothe ◽  
D. Andrew R. Drake ◽  
Trevor E. Pitcher ◽  
Jeremy E. Broome ◽  
Alan J. Dextrase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Species Reintroduction ◽  
Research Investment ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Threatened Taxa ◽  
Species At Risk Act ◽  
Species Specific

Fishes are among the most threatened taxa in Canada with over 70 species, subspecies, and (or) designatable units presently listed for protection under the Species at Risk Act (SARA). Protecting these species requires a diverse set of strategies based on the best-available data and information. One approach identified under SARA and in Canadian federal recovery strategies for improving the status of SARA-listed fishes is species reintroduction, which involves the release of individuals into areas from which they have been extirpated with the goal of re-establishing self-sustaining populations. The success of reintroduction relies on a comprehensive understanding of species ecology and life history, with considerations around population genetics and genomics. However, SARA-listed species are some of the most poorly known species in Canada due to their rarity and relative lack of research investment prior to the enactment of SARA. As a result, SARA-listed species have the most to lose if reintroduction activities are not carefully researched, planned, and executed. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to present an accessible summary on the state of reintroduction science for SARA-listed fishes in Canada with the hope of motivating future research to support reintroduction activities. We focus our review on 14 SARA-listed freshwater or anadromous fishes identified as candidates for reintroduction in federal recovery strategies. We follow the species-specific summaries with guidance on how basic research questions in population ecology, habitat science, and threat science provide a critical foundation for addressing knowledge gaps in reintroduction science. Subsequently, we identify the importance of genetic and genomic techniques for informing future research on the reintroduction of SARA-listed species. We conclude with recommendations for active, experimental approaches for moving reintroduction efforts forward to recover Canadian fishes.

Earth observation: overlooked potential to support species reintroduction programmes

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri P. Freemantle ◽  
Tim Wacher ◽  
John Newby ◽  
Nathalie Pettorelli
Keyword(s):  
Earth Observation ◽  
Species Reintroduction

Sphagnum reintroduction under a warming climate: keys to success

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juul Limpens ◽  
Hilde Tomassen
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Nurse Plants ◽  
Species Reintroduction ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Species Mixture ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Bare Peat ◽  
Mulch Cover

<p>Restoring peatland functioning is closely related to restoring growth of ecosystem engineering Sphagnum species. In strongly degenerated peatlands reintroducing diaspores of Sphagnum is necessary to overcome strong dispersal and establishment bottlenecks. Which reintroduction strategy varies between peatland types, surface properties and/or microclimate. Comparative analyses of restoration techniques is scarce, hampering informed management choices.    </p><p>We set out to assess keys to success for Sphagnum reintroduction on strongly humified bare peat in three degraded and long-time rewetted temperate peatlands in the Netherlands. To this end we experimentally manipulated water table position (control, extra water), type of abiotic shelter (control, nurse plants, mulch), Sphagnum species (S. magellanicum, S. papillosum and S. cuspidatum), species mixture (monoculture, mixed culture), diaspore size (clumped intact plants or fragments) and diaspore density (0, 36, 72, 156 plants/m<sup>2</sup>) and monitored Sphagnum survival, lateral expansion and environmental conditions. The experiment was established in 2018 and repeated in 2019, covering two of the most extreme summers in recorded history.</p><p>Water table close to the surface and shelter of a mulch layer were key to Sphagnum survival and growth irrespective of Sphagnum species, reintroduction method or year. Survival increased linearly with diaspore density. Diaspore size showed an interaction with mulch cover: fragments did best under mulch cover, whereas clumped plants survived better outside shelter.</p><p>Taken together our results suggest that successful reintroduction of Sphagnum is possible under a warming climate, but that strategies should be strongly focussed on amelioration of abiotic stress even when water tables are close to the surface. </p>

Assessing species reintroduction sites based on future climate suitability for food resources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel C. Gomides ◽  
Talita M. Machado ◽  
Jôine C. Evangelista‐Vale ◽  
Angele Tatiane Martins‐Oliveira ◽  
João Carlos Pires‐Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Resources ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Species Reintroduction ◽  
Climate Suitability
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document