scholarly journals Adverse effects induced by chronic gamma irradiation in progeny of adult fish not affecting parental reproductive performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2556-2567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noémie Guirandy ◽  
Béatrice Gagnaire ◽  
Sandrine Frelon ◽  
Thomas Munch ◽  
Nicolas Dubourg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Adult Fish

scholarly journals A stochastic model for the simulation of management decisions in dairy herds, with special reference to reproductive performance.

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
A.A. Dijkhuizen ◽  
S. Hibma ◽  
J.A. Renkema
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Management Decisions

A 15 year simulation was carried out in order to test a model for dairy cattle culling. Provisional results indicate that decreasing max. allowed calving interval from 520 to 360 days decreases herd income due to adverse effects on herd life. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

A note on the effect of feeding regime on the performance of sows housed in a novel group-housing system

1989 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Carol Petherick ◽  
Judith K. Blackshaw
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Food Trough

The effects on sow reproductive performance of three feeding regimes (ration (R), ad libitum (A) and ration + straw (R + S)), in conjunction with partial barriers placed along the food trough, were investigated. Three groups of four sows were put on the regimes, in a group-housing system, over three consecutive gestations. Each trial lasted 13 days and took place during the first half of the gestation period. Sows on A ate about three times the amount of food that was allocated to them on R and R + S (2 kg per sow per day). Feeding regime did not affect any of the measures of reproductive performance (numbers of piglets liveborn, stillborn, weaned, birth and weaning weights). Sows of parity 7 and over had significantly fewer liveborn and more stillborn piglets compared with parities 2 to 6 (P < 0·05). It is probable that no adverse effects of the feeding regimes were found due to the short time that the sows were on them and because multiparous animals were used. It is suggested that the welfare of ration-fed sows, whose appetite is not satiated, is jeopardized and that this problem may be solved by the provision of fibrous foodstuffs.

Multigeneration Reproduction Study of Lactitol in Rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. Sinkeldam ◽  
V.M.H. Hollanders ◽  
R.A. Woutersen ◽  
H.B.W.M. Koëter ◽  
A. Bär
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Reproduction Study ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Similar Growth

Lactitol is a disaccharide sugar alcohol (polyol) which holds promise as a reduced calorie, noncariogenic sugar substitute. In a multigeneration reproduction study, lactitol was fed to Wistar-derived Cpb:WU rats of both sexes throughout three successive generations at dietary concentrations of 0, 2, 5, and 10%. A comparison group receiving a diet with 20% lactose was included during the F., generation. The initial mating comprised 20 male and 40 female rats per group. For subsequent matings, 10 males and 20 females were used. In each generation, two litters were reared until they were at least 3 weeks old. Fertility was uniformly high in all treatment groups throughout the study and the feeding of lactitol was not associated with any adverse effects on fertility and reproductive performance. However, growth rates and survival were slightly decreased in pups of the 10% lactitol group, except in F3 litters where no effect of lactitol on survival was seen. In the 20% lactose group of the F, generation, a similar growth retardation and decreased survival was seen. The second litter of third-generation rats (F3b) was subjected to gross and histopathological examination 4 weeks after weaning. F3b rats fed 5 or 10% lactitol showed cecal enlargement which was not associated with any morphological alterations and which is commonly seen in rodents fed polyols or slowly digestible carbohydrates. In some F3b males of all dosage groups, an opaque appearance of the liver cell cytoplasm was noted. However, this effect was not dose related and was not accompanied by any other hepatic changes in the lactitol groups. Since this phenomenon was not seen in older rats or after chronic administration of lactitol, it was considered to be a transient manifestation of an altered metabolism in young rats. All other histopathological findings were equally distributed between control and test animals, or occurred in one or a few rats only. It is concluded that lactitol administered in the diet to three successive generations of rats at levels up to 10%, has no adverse effects on reproductive performance in either sex. The slight developmental delay which occurred in some generations, has been observed earlier with other polyols and may be attributed to the poor digestibility of these compounds.

Production in mature corriedale ewes first mated at 7 to 11 or 18 months of age

1979 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Ponzoni ◽  
M. Azzarini ◽  
S. K. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTProduction in 210 mature Corriedale ewes first mated between 7 and 11 or at 18 months of age was studied at Paysandu, Uruguay. Ewes were classified into one of the following five classes according to their oestrous and lambing performance in 1968: (1) reared a lamb; (2) lambed but lamb died; (3) mated but did not lamb; (4) oestrus detected by vasectomized ram, true mating deferred for 12 months; and (4) no oestrus, mating deferred for 12 months. Records on flock performance and mortality were kept from all ewes from 1969 to 1973, when the dental status of all ewes present was assessed.There were no significant differences between classes in number of ewes lambing per ewe exposed to the ram, number of lambs born per ewe exposed to the ram, number of lambs weaned per ewe exposed to the ram, weight of lamb weaned per ewe exposed to the ram, and pre-mating body weight.Greasy fleece weight varied significantly (P < 0·01) with class of ewe. The least squares means for ewe classes 1 to 5 were 3·93, 3·99, 4·06,4·12 and 3·92 kg respectively. Class 4 ewes differed significantly (P < 0·01) from class 1 ewes and from class, 3 and 5 ewes (P < 0·05). Class 3 ewes differed significantly (P < 0·05) from class 1 ewes. Other differences were not significant.Ewe mortality between 1969 and 1973 was independent of class of ewe. The dental status of ewes appeared to vary with class of ewe. Early mating of Corriedale ewes apparently had no adverse effects on mature reproductive performance, but somewhat reduced wool production. If mating is to take place for the first time at 18 months of age, ewes that have shown oestrus previously are likely to exhibit greater overall productivity (wool plus lambs).

The effect of different proportions of protein and antibiotic in the diet on reproductive performance of indigenous pigs in Nigeria

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Ilori
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Protein Levels

SummaryOne hundred and twelve indigenous gilts and sows were used in two trials to study the effects of strepcillin (a mixture of streptomycin and penicillin) at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 g/t feed in a basal 15% protein diet and strepcillin at 0, 25, and 50g/t feed in rations containing 12, 15 and 18% protein, on the reproductive performance of pigs.Reproductive performance in terms of sow net gain in weight through the reproductive cycle, average birth weight of live pigs per litter and number of pigs weaned per litter were significantly affected by antibiotic levels. The dietary level of 50 g antibiotic/t feed gave the highest reproductive performance though at higher levels no adverse effects on reproductive performance were obtained.Reproductive performance of pigs was significantly influenced by protein and antibiotic levels. A significant interaction between antibiotic and protein levels was obtained for weight loss in sows at parturition and lactation, net gain in weight through the reproductive cycle, total and live pigs farrowed per litter.

Studies on fluorosis of sheep. III. The toxicity of water-borne fluoride for the grazing sheep throughout its life

1959 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
AW Peirce
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Water Borne

Three experimental groups of lambs were given water containing the same three different levels of fluorine, added as sodium fluoride, that their mothers had received during pregnancy and lactation. Group A (control), containing 21 wethers and 11 ewes, received water containing about 0 . 3 p.p.m. F, group B (17 wethers) received water containing 10 p.p.m. F, and group C (20 wethers and 10 ewes) received water containing 20 p.p.m.F. The ewes were mated in each of the last 6 years, and the experiment was terminated when the animals reached 7 years of age. During the winter months little water was drunk. In the summer months the daily intake of water by groups B and C rose to 41, equivalent to 40 and 80 mg F, for the two groups respectively. Their overall mean daily intake for the whole experiment was 14 and 27 mg F respectively. Water containing 10 p.p.m. F appeared to have no adverse effects on the health of the sheep, but decreased wool production and induced characteristic changes in the teeth. Water containing 20 p.p.m. F affected health and wool production, and induced more severe signs of fluorosis on the teeth. Neither concentration affected reproductive performance. Increases up to threefold were observed in the fluoride content of the bones and teeth. The implications of the findings are discussed, particularly in relation to flock management in Queensland.

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