scholarly journals Unprecedented herbivory threatens rear‐edge populations of Betula in southwestern Eurasia

Ecology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
César Morales‐Molino ◽  
Willy Tinner ◽  
Ramón Perea ◽  
José S. Carrión ◽  
Daniele Colombaroli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rear Edge ◽  
Edge Populations

scholarly journals Hyrcanian forests-Stable rear-edge populations harbouring high genetic diversity of Fraxinus excelsior, a common European tree species

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1521-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Ortvald Erichsen ◽  
Katharina Birgit Budde ◽  
Khosro Sagheb-Talebi ◽  
Francesca Bagnoli ◽  
Giovanni Giuseppe Vendramin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Hyrcanian Forests ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Edge Populations

scholarly journals Interspecific gene flow and vicariance in Northern African rear-edge white oak populations revealed by joint analysis of microsatellites and flanking sequences.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lepais Olivier ◽  
Abdeldjalil Aissi ◽  
Errol Véla ◽  
Yassine Beghami
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Interspecific Gene Flow ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Flanking Sequences ◽  
Edge Populations

Rear-edge populations represent reservoirs of potentially unique genetic diversity but are particularly vulnerable to global changes. While continental-scale phylogeographic studies usually do not cover these populations, more focused local scale study of rear-edge populations should help better understand both past evolutionary history and its consequences for the persistence and conservation of these potentially unique populations. We studied molecular variation at 36 sequenced nuclear microsatellites in 11 rear-edge Quercus faginea and Q. canariensis populations across Algeria to shed light on taxonomic relationship, population past evolutionary history and recent demographic trajectory. We used descriptive approach and simulation-based inference to assess the information content and complementarity of linked microsatellite and flanking sequence variations. Genetic differentiation among populations classified into eight well-defined genetic clusters do not allow to unambiguously delineate two species. Instead, continuous level of genetic differentiation indicates interspecific gene flow or drift in isolation. Whereas the analysis of microsatellite variation allowed inferring recent interspecific gene flow, additional nucleotide variation in flanking sequences, by reducing homoplasy, pointed towards ancient interspecific gene flow followed by drift in isolation. The assessment of the weight of each polymorphism in the inference demonstrates the value of linked variation with contrasted mutational mechanisms and rates to refine historical demographic inference. Past population size decline inferred in some of these oak populations as well as low contemporary effective population size for most populations is a concern for the persistence of these populations of high evolutionary significance and conservation value.

scholarly journals Coexisting oak species, including rear-edge populations, buffer climate stress through xylem adjustments

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Granda ◽  
A Q Alla ◽  
N A Laskurain ◽  
J Loidi ◽  
A Sánchez-Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rear Edge ◽  
Climate Stress ◽  
Edge Populations

scholarly journals Genetic Distinctiveness but Low Diversity Characterizes Rear-Edge Thuja standishii (Gordon) Carr. (Cupressaceae) Populations in Southwest Japan

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
James R. P. Worth ◽  
Ichiro Tamaki ◽  
Ikutaro Tsuyama ◽  
Peter A. Harrison ◽  
Kyoko Sugai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Southwest Japan ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
The Core ◽  
Edge Populations

Rear-edge populations are of significant scientific interest because they can contain allelic variation not found in core-range populations. However, such populations can differ in their level of genetic diversity and divergence reflecting variation in life-history traits, demographic histories and human impacts. Using 13 EST-microsatellites, we investigated the genetic diversity and differentiation of rear-edge populations of the Japanese endemic conifer Thuja standishii (Gordon) Carr. in southwest Japan from the core-range in northeast Japan. Range-wide genetic differentiation was moderate (Fst = 0.087), with northeast populations weakly differentiated (Fst = 0.047), but harboring high genetic diversity (average population-level Ar = 4.76 and Ho = 0.59). In contrast, rear-edge populations were genetically diverged (Fst = 0.168), but contained few unique alleles with lower genetic diversity (Ar = 3.73, Ho = 0.49). The divergence between rear-edge populations exceeding levels observed in the core-range and results from ABC analysis and species distribution modelling suggest that these populations are most likely relicts of the Last Glacial Maximum. However, despite long term persistence, low effective population size, low migration between populations and genetic drift have worked to promote the genetic differentiation of southwest Japan populations of T. standishii without the accumulation of unique alleles.

scholarly journals Unique genetic variation at a species' rear edge is under threat from global climate change

2011 ◽  
Vol 279 (1726) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Provan ◽  
Christine A. Maggs
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Future Global Warming ◽  
Edge Populations

Global climate change is having a significant effect on the distributions of a wide variety of species, causing both range shifts and population extinctions. To date, however, no consensus has emerged on how these processes will affect the range-wide genetic diversity of impacted species. It has been suggested that species that recolonized from low-latitude refugia might harbour high levels of genetic variation in rear-edge populations, and that loss of these populations could cause a disproportionately large reduction in overall genetic diversity in such taxa. In the present study, we have examined the distribution of genetic diversity across the range of the seaweed Chondrus crispus , a species that has exhibited a northward shift in its southern limit in Europe over the last 40 years. Analysis of 19 populations from both sides of the North Atlantic using mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), sequence data from two single-copy nuclear regions and allelic variation at eight microsatellite loci revealed unique genetic variation for all marker classes in the rear-edge populations in Iberia, but not in the rear-edge populations in North America. Palaeodistribution modelling and statistical testing of alternative phylogeographic scenarios indicate that the unique genetic diversity in Iberian populations is a result not only of persistence in the region during the last glacial maximum, but also because this refugium did not contribute substantially to the recolonization of Europe after the retreat of the ice. Consequently, loss of these rear-edge populations as a result of ongoing climate change will have a major effect on the overall genetic diversity of the species, particularly in Europe, and this could compromise the adaptive potential of the species as a whole in the face of future global warming.

scholarly journals Central and rear-edge populations can be equally vulnerable to warming

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Bennett ◽  
Thomas Wernberg ◽  
Bijo Arackal Joy ◽  
Thibaut de Bettignies ◽  
Alexandra H. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Rear Edge ◽  
Edge Populations

scholarly journals Ecological Diversity within Rear-Edge: A Case Study from Mediterranean Quercus pyrenaica Willd.

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Antonio J. Pérez-Luque ◽  
Blas M. Benito ◽  
Francisco J. Bonet-García ◽  
Regino Zamora
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Quercus Pyrenaica ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Edge Populations

Understanding the ecology of populations located in the rear edge of their distribution is key to assessing the response of the species to changing environmental conditions. Here, we focus on rear-edge populations of Quercus pyrenaica in Sierra Nevada (southern Iberian Peninsula) to analyze their ecological and floristic diversity. We perform multivariate analyses using high-resolution environmental information and forest inventories to determine how environmental variables differ among oak populations, and to identify population groups based on environmental and floristic composition. We find that water availability is a key variable in explaining the distribution of Q. pyrenaica and the floristic diversity of their accompanying communities within its rear edge. Three cluster of oak populations were identified based on environmental variables. We found differences among these clusters regarding plant diversity, but not for forest attributes. A remarkable match between the populations clustering derived from analysis of environmental variables and the ordination of the populations according to species composition was found. The diversity of ecological behaviors for Q. pyrenaica populations in this rear edge are consistent with the high genetic diversity shown by populations of this oak in the Sierra Nevada. The identification of differences between oak populations within the rear-edge with respect to environmental variables can aid with planning the forest management and restoration actions, particularly considering the importance of some environmental factors in key ecological aspects.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and structuring across the range of a widely distributed ladybird: focus on rear‐edge populations phenotypically divergent

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. 5517-5529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Émilie Lecompte ◽  
Mohand‐Ameziane Bouanani ◽  
Alexandra Magro ◽  
Brigitte Crouau‐Roy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Edge Populations
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