scholarly journals Hyrcanian forests-Stable rear-edge populations harbouring high genetic diversity of Fraxinus excelsior, a common European tree species

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1521-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Ortvald Erichsen ◽  
Katharina Birgit Budde ◽  
Khosro Sagheb-Talebi ◽  
Francesca Bagnoli ◽  
Giovanni Giuseppe Vendramin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Hyrcanian Forests ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Edge Populations

scholarly journals Genetic Distinctiveness but Low Diversity Characterizes Rear-Edge Thuja standishii (Gordon) Carr. (Cupressaceae) Populations in Southwest Japan

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
James R. P. Worth ◽  
Ichiro Tamaki ◽  
Ikutaro Tsuyama ◽  
Peter A. Harrison ◽  
Kyoko Sugai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Southwest Japan ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
The Core ◽  
Edge Populations

Rear-edge populations are of significant scientific interest because they can contain allelic variation not found in core-range populations. However, such populations can differ in their level of genetic diversity and divergence reflecting variation in life-history traits, demographic histories and human impacts. Using 13 EST-microsatellites, we investigated the genetic diversity and differentiation of rear-edge populations of the Japanese endemic conifer Thuja standishii (Gordon) Carr. in southwest Japan from the core-range in northeast Japan. Range-wide genetic differentiation was moderate (Fst = 0.087), with northeast populations weakly differentiated (Fst = 0.047), but harboring high genetic diversity (average population-level Ar = 4.76 and Ho = 0.59). In contrast, rear-edge populations were genetically diverged (Fst = 0.168), but contained few unique alleles with lower genetic diversity (Ar = 3.73, Ho = 0.49). The divergence between rear-edge populations exceeding levels observed in the core-range and results from ABC analysis and species distribution modelling suggest that these populations are most likely relicts of the Last Glacial Maximum. However, despite long term persistence, low effective population size, low migration between populations and genetic drift have worked to promote the genetic differentiation of southwest Japan populations of T. standishii without the accumulation of unique alleles.

scholarly journals High Genetic Diversity and Distinctiveness of Rear-Edge Climate Relicts Maintained by Ancient Tetraploidisation for Alnus glutinosa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e75029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Lepais ◽  
Serge D. Muller ◽  
Samia Ben Saad-Limam ◽  
Mohamed Benslama ◽  
Laila Rhazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rear Edge

scholarly journals Unique genetic variation at a species' rear edge is under threat from global climate change

2011 ◽  
Vol 279 (1726) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Provan ◽  
Christine A. Maggs
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Future Global Warming ◽  
Edge Populations

Global climate change is having a significant effect on the distributions of a wide variety of species, causing both range shifts and population extinctions. To date, however, no consensus has emerged on how these processes will affect the range-wide genetic diversity of impacted species. It has been suggested that species that recolonized from low-latitude refugia might harbour high levels of genetic variation in rear-edge populations, and that loss of these populations could cause a disproportionately large reduction in overall genetic diversity in such taxa. In the present study, we have examined the distribution of genetic diversity across the range of the seaweed Chondrus crispus , a species that has exhibited a northward shift in its southern limit in Europe over the last 40 years. Analysis of 19 populations from both sides of the North Atlantic using mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), sequence data from two single-copy nuclear regions and allelic variation at eight microsatellite loci revealed unique genetic variation for all marker classes in the rear-edge populations in Iberia, but not in the rear-edge populations in North America. Palaeodistribution modelling and statistical testing of alternative phylogeographic scenarios indicate that the unique genetic diversity in Iberian populations is a result not only of persistence in the region during the last glacial maximum, but also because this refugium did not contribute substantially to the recolonization of Europe after the retreat of the ice. Consequently, loss of these rear-edge populations as a result of ongoing climate change will have a major effect on the overall genetic diversity of the species, particularly in Europe, and this could compromise the adaptive potential of the species as a whole in the face of future global warming.

scholarly journals Ecological Diversity within Rear-Edge: A Case Study from Mediterranean Quercus pyrenaica Willd.

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Antonio J. Pérez-Luque ◽  
Blas M. Benito ◽  
Francisco J. Bonet-García ◽  
Regino Zamora
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Quercus Pyrenaica ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Edge Populations

Understanding the ecology of populations located in the rear edge of their distribution is key to assessing the response of the species to changing environmental conditions. Here, we focus on rear-edge populations of Quercus pyrenaica in Sierra Nevada (southern Iberian Peninsula) to analyze their ecological and floristic diversity. We perform multivariate analyses using high-resolution environmental information and forest inventories to determine how environmental variables differ among oak populations, and to identify population groups based on environmental and floristic composition. We find that water availability is a key variable in explaining the distribution of Q. pyrenaica and the floristic diversity of their accompanying communities within its rear edge. Three cluster of oak populations were identified based on environmental variables. We found differences among these clusters regarding plant diversity, but not for forest attributes. A remarkable match between the populations clustering derived from analysis of environmental variables and the ordination of the populations according to species composition was found. The diversity of ecological behaviors for Q. pyrenaica populations in this rear edge are consistent with the high genetic diversity shown by populations of this oak in the Sierra Nevada. The identification of differences between oak populations within the rear-edge with respect to environmental variables can aid with planning the forest management and restoration actions, particularly considering the importance of some environmental factors in key ecological aspects.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and structuring across the range of a widely distributed ladybird: focus on rear‐edge populations phenotypically divergent

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. 5517-5529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Émilie Lecompte ◽  
Mohand‐Ameziane Bouanani ◽  
Alexandra Magro ◽  
Brigitte Crouau‐Roy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Edge Populations

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Duabanga moluccana Blume from Two Provenances in West Nusa Tenggara Revealed by Microsatellite markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Siti Halimah Larekeng ◽  
Yusniar Yusniar ◽  
Muh Restu ◽  
Rismawati Rismawati ◽  
Yuni Fitri Cahyaningsih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity

Duabanga moluccana Blume, locally known as Rajumas, is a tree species that suitable for building materials, pulp, and plywood. The information about genetic diversity is required for the conserving of this species. Here, we elucidated the genetic diversity of D. moluccana from two provenances in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Four microsatellite markers successfully amplified 12 randomly selected samples and produced polymorphic DNA bands. Those primers were DMAG10, DMAG09, DMACAG01 and DMTCAC11. High genetic diversity was detected in the populations with 0.54 of mean expected heterozygosity (He). The genetic variation among individuals was 100%, whereas there were no genetic variations among populations and within individuals

scholarly journals Predicting Genetic Demography of Rear-edge Populations of Hemerocallis Middendorffii: A Test for Climate Effects in Last Glacial Maximum and Holocene Optimum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutoshi Masuda ◽  
Hiroaki Setoguchi ◽  
Koki Nagasawa ◽  
Masae Iwamoto Ishihara ◽  
Kazuhiro Sawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Population Demography ◽  
Holocene Climate ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Quaternary Climate ◽  
Edge Populations

Abstract Background Quaternary climate changes significantly impacted population demography of temperate organisms by shifting their distribution. Notably, the rear-edge populations are considered to be more prone to these changes, but empirical studies showed the southernmost fragmented populations of Japanese woody plants to harbor high genetic diversities due to their southern glacial refugia origin. Therefore, the impacts of Holocene climate warming on rear-edge populations have been rarely demonstrated. For the better interpretation of genetic backgrounds of temperate plants, the association of paleodistributions under both icy and warm climates with species-specific demographic changes is required. A perennial daylily Hemerocallis middendorffii (Asphodelaceae) is widely distributed in temperate and cool-temperate zones of East Asia. In Japan, larger populations are found in central ranges, while few small populations survive on harsh rock walls in southernmost regions. We focused on these variable populations and aimed to predict the population demography in relation to past climate changes by statistically combining population genetics with paleodistribution modeling.Results EST-SSR analysis of 737 individuals from 41 populations revealed 6 regional population groups. Four groups widely dominating the northern–central ranges harbored high genetic diversity, whereas genetic divergence within the groups was low. However, two groups at the southwest edge were geographically and genetically isolated and showed the lowest genetic diversity. Estimated paleodistributions showed a decrease of suitable range during Holocene climate optimum in comparison with LGM, and a sole variable of habitat suitability in the Holocene optimum was able to predict genetic diversity across its range. Conclusions We concluded that habitat fragmentation and population decline in relation to the climate warming during the Holocene optimum and interspecific competition with woody plants resulted in genetic isolation and impoverishment of the rear-edge populations.

High genetic diversity and contrasting fine-scale spatial genetic structure in four seasonally dry tropical forest tree species

2014 ◽  
Vol 300 (7) ◽  
pp. 1671-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosane Garcia Collevatti ◽  
Raquel Estolano ◽  
Marina Lopes Ribeiro ◽  
Suelen Gonçalves Rabelo ◽  
Elizangela J. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dry Tropical Forest ◽  
Seasonally Dry
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