scholarly journals Effects of thermal and oxygen conditions during development on cell size in the common rough woodlice Porcellio scaber

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 9552-9566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Antoł ◽  
Anna Maria Labecka ◽  
Terézia Horváthová ◽  
Anna Sikorska ◽  
Natalia Szabla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Porcellio Scaber ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
The Common

Some volatile constituents of terrestrial slaters

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
GWK Cavill ◽  
DV Clark ◽  
H Hinterberger
Keyword(s):  
Porcellio Scaber ◽  
Volatile Constituents ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cis And Trans ◽  
Unsaturated Component

The common terrestrial dater, Porcellio scaber, yields a volatile extractive, slaterol, which comprises cis- and trans-dec-3-en-1-ol (80%), together with cis- and trans-non-3-en-1-ol and nonan-1-ol (5%). The remaining and unsaturated component of slaterol (A, 15%), which gives decan-1-ol on reduction, has yet to be characterized. An undescribed Armadillidium sp. yields a single constituent, octan-1-ol.

scholarly journals Thermal and oxygen conditions during development cause common rough woodlice (Porcellio scaber) to alter the size of their gas-exchange organs

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 102600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Antoł ◽  
Anna Maria Labecka ◽  
Terézia Horváthová ◽  
Bartosz Zieliński ◽  
Natalia Szabla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Porcellio Scaber ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

scholarly journals Thermal and Oxygen Flight Sensitivity in Ageing Drosophila melanogaster Flies: Links to Rapamycin-Induced Cell Size Changes

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Ewa Szlachcic ◽  
Marcin Czarnoleski
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Flying Insects ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

Ectotherms can become physiologically challenged when performing oxygen-demanding activities (e.g., flight) across differing environmental conditions, specifically temperature and oxygen levels. Achieving a balance between oxygen supply and demand can also depend on the cellular composition of organs, which either evolves or changes plastically in nature; however, this hypothesis has rarely been examined, especially in tracheated flying insects. The relatively large cell membrane area of small cells should increase the rates of oxygen and nutrient fluxes in cells; however, it does also increase the costs of cell membrane maintenance. To address the effects of cell size on flying insects, we measured the wing-beat frequency in two cell-size phenotypes of Drosophila melanogaster when flies were exposed to two temperatures (warm/hot) combined with two oxygen conditions (normoxia/hypoxia). The cell-size phenotypes were induced by rearing 15 isolines on either standard food (large cells) or rapamycin-enriched food (small cells). Rapamycin supplementation (downregulation of TOR activity) produced smaller flies with smaller wing epidermal cells. Flies generally flapped their wings at a slower rate in cooler (warm treatment) and less-oxygenated (hypoxia) conditions, but the small-cell-phenotype flies were less prone to oxygen limitation than the large-cell-phenotype flies and did not respond to the different oxygen conditions under the warm treatment. We suggest that ectotherms with small-cell life strategies can maintain physiologically demanding activities (e.g., flight) when challenged by oxygen-poor conditions, but this advantage may depend on the correspondence among body temperatures, acclimation temperatures and physiological thermal limits.

scholarly journals Individuality and slow dynamics in bacterial growth homeostasis

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (25) ◽  
pp. E5679-E5687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Susman ◽  
Maryam Kohram ◽  
Harsh Vashistha ◽  
Jeffrey T. Nechleba ◽  
Hanna Salman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Cell Cycles ◽  
Multiple Cycles ◽  
The Common ◽  
Average Size

Microbial growth and division are fundamental processes relevant to many areas of life science. Of particular interest are homeostasis mechanisms, which buffer growth and division from accumulating fluctuations over multiple cycles. These mechanisms operate within single cells, possibly extending over several division cycles. However, all experimental studies to date have relied on measurements pooled from many distinct cells. Here, we disentangle long-term measured traces of individual cells from one another, revealing subtle differences between temporal and pooled statistics. By analyzing correlations along up to hundreds of generations, we find that the parameter describing effective cell size homeostasis strength varies significantly among cells. At the same time, we find an invariant cell size, which acts as an attractor to all individual traces, albeit with different effective attractive forces. Despite the common attractor, each cell maintains a distinct average size over its finite lifetime with suppressed temporal fluctuations around it, and equilibration to the global average size is surprisingly slow (>150 cell cycles). To show a possible source of variable homeostasis strength, we construct a mathematical model relying on intracellular interactions, which integrates measured properties of cell size with those of highly expressed proteins. Effective homeostasis strength is then influenced by interactions and by noise levels and generally varies among cells. A predictable and measurable consequence of variable homeostasis strength appears as distinct oscillatory patterns in cell size and protein content over many generations. We discuss implications of our results to understanding mechanisms controlling division in single cells and their characteristic timescales.

Study on Optimization and FEM Analysis of Centrifugal Pump Body Structure

2010 ◽  
Vol 154-155 ◽  
pp. 1744-1747
Author(s):  
Lan Ying Wu ◽  
Yan Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Maximum Equivalent Stress ◽  
The Common

The centrifugal pump is the common mechanical equipment, which is extensively applied in the water conservancy, ships and other projects. In this paper, the centrifugal pump body structure was analyzed based on the actual working conditions, and the structure was also optimized. The research results show that the maximum equivalent stress of pump body structure is in the tongue, when the grid cell size is 6mm, the maximum equivalent stress is 36.843MPa; The maximum equivalent stress increases as the grid cell size decreases, and the unit number increases rapidly as the grid cell size decreases; When the wall thickness of pump is selected appropriately, the material can be saved about 6%, and the optimized structure of pump can be also meet the structural performance requirements.

Catalogue reduction techniques

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 389-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chr. de Vegt
Keyword(s):  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Measuring Process ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
Observational Technique ◽  
The Common ◽  
Astrometric Data

AbstractReduction techniques as applied to astrometric data material tend to split up traditionally into at least two different classes according to the observational technique used, namely transit circle observations and photographic observations. Although it is not realized fully in practice at present, the application of a blockadjustment technique for all kind of catalogue reductions is suggested. The term blockadjustment shall denote in this context the common adjustment of the principal unknowns which are the positions, proper motions and certain reduction parameters modelling the systematic properties of the observational process. Especially for old epoch catalogue data we frequently meet the situation that no independent detailed information on the telescope properties and other instrumental parameters, describing for example the measuring process, is available from special calibration observations or measurements; therefore the adjustment process should be highly self-calibrating, that means: all necessary information has to be extracted from the catalogue data themselves. Successful applications of this concept have been made already in the field of aerial photogrammetry.

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