Direct marketing and the use of individual-level consumer information: Determining how and when “privacy” matters

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen J. Nowak ◽  
Joseph Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Direct Marketing ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Individual Level

scholarly journals The Importance of Modeling Temporal Dependence of Timing and Quantity in Direct Marketing

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichung Jen ◽  
Chien-Heng Chou ◽  
Greg M. Allenby
Keyword(s):  
Customer Value ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Direct Marketing ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Temporal Dependence ◽  
Alternative Models ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Marketing Data ◽  
Differential Action ◽  
Over Time

The analysis of customer value in direct marketing typically combines customer timing and quantity data into a single statistic that is used to compute lifetime values, rank-order customers for differential action, and identify prospects for cross-selling. However, current models assume that purchase timing and quantity decisions are independently realized (i.e., uncorrelated) over time given individual-level parameters. In this article, the authors show that customer value calculations can be severely biased in these models when timing and quantity are dependently related. The authors propose alternative models that lead to substantial gains in profitability in two direct-marketing data sets. The results indicate that the commonly held assumption of independence leads to an overvaluation of customer value.

scholarly journals Outlining direct marketing features of companies applying this approach when measuring their market orientation

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Mihaela Mihaylova
Keyword(s):  
Market Orientation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Direct Marketing ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Or Methodology ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
Orientation Method ◽  
Marketing Approach

Relevance of research topic. The need of gathering of information and its analysis plays a crucial role when it is question about satisfying customer better than competitors. Planning and coordinating the company’s activities according to customer’s requirements in order to achieve long-term success are important themes commented and present in the article. Analysis of recent research and publications. The existing literature in the field of the direct marketing was analyzed on issues of Direct Marketing definition, communicating on individual level, a long-term relationship approach, keeping and analyzing the information related to the customer’s reaction. Setting the task, the purpose of the study.Presenting a newly developed methodology of outlining direct marketing features of companies applying this approach, this article aims to offer a tool to distinguish these companies when evaluating their level of market orientation. Method or methodology for conducting research.The data has been collected by an Internet online survey. The market orientation of the companies is measured by the scale MARKOR. Presentation of the main material (results of work). This article represents one of the stages of a study taken in Bulgaria in 2018 aiming to evaluate the level of market orientation of companies applying direct marketing approach related to the interaction between the customer and the company, and aimed to collection, processing, presence, maintaining and storage of actual information. The respondents are companies operating on the Bulgarian market which actively apply direct marketing approach. The process of differentiating the companies passes through two consecutive and interrelated phases. The first phase aims to outline the direct marketing activities by checking if several of them are present and applied by the company. The second phase consists of analyzing the specifics of each activity. The set of questions to the respondents within the both phases is substantiated in the study according to the direct marketing approach. Conclusions according to the article. In Bulgarian companies the direct marketing and its application is guided by the principles of maintaining the information actual for customers; monitoring, recording and analyzing the customer’s response; developing different proposals for different clients based on their value for the company.

scholarly journals SIGNIFICANCE OF NEUROECONOMICS IN MEDIA CORPORATIONS SURVIVAL IN THE AGE OF DIGITALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
pp. 917-920
Author(s):  
Aliyu Aminu Ahmed ◽  
◽  
Rukayya Aminu Muhammad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Theory Of The Firm ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Media Economics ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Broadcast Media ◽  
Economic Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Habits ◽  
Media Corporations

The three concepts of neuroeconomics, behavioral economics and media economics were briefly examined, as relates to media corporations in the age of digitization and found to be closely related to human behavior mostly at individual level. The three concepts are also theoretically related because they all are concerned with human behavior and choices. There are varieties of theories in studying media economics, a few were examined and found to be relevant to Neuroeconomics, they include Theory of The Firm, The Consumer Theory, Theory of Ruinous Competition and Broadcast Media Concentration. The age of digitization has brought with it proliferation of especially electronic media, especially social media. This implies the traditional understanding of how media corporations operate have changed. It was found that consumption of digital media is rapidly increasing and becoming more personalized to individual behaviors and preferences, therefore neuroeconomics can help explain psychological mechanisms that lead to individual economic decision-making and understanding of media economics. Neuroeconomics , by leveraging on neuroscience, can contribute to understanding consumer habits, social networking and possibly predict choices of media consumers and/or detect consumers or groups that are likely to exhibit problematic behaviors. By using neuroeconomics models, media corporations can understand demand and consumer information, thereby tailoring media products in a way that will increase its value and utility to the consumers and ultimately profitability of the media corporations.

Towards a European Food Composition Data Interchange Platform

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Bell ◽  
Heikki Pakkala ◽  
Michael P. Finglas
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Composition Data ◽  
European Committee ◽  
Food Properties ◽  
Data Interchange ◽  
Food Composition Data ◽  
Definition Of

Food composition data (FCD) comprises the description and identification of foods, as well as their nutrient content, other constituents, and food properties. FCD are required for a range of purposes including food labeling, supporting health claims, nutritional and clinical management, consumer information, and research. There have been differences within and beyond Europe in the way FCD are expressed with respect to food description, definition of nutrients and other food properties, and the methods used to generate data. One of the major goals of the EuroFIR NoE project (2005 - 10) was to provide tools to overcome existing differences among member states and parties with respect to documentation and interchange of FCD. The establishment of the CEN’s (European Committee for Standardisation) TC 387 project committee on Food Composition Data, led by the Swedish Standards Institute, and the preparation of the draft Food Data Standard, has addressed these deficiencies by enabling unambiguous identification and description of FCD and their quality, for dissemination and data interchange. Another major achievement of the EuroFIR NoE project was the development and dissemination of a single, authoritative source of FCD in Europe enabling the interchange and update of data between countries, and also giving access to users of FCD.

Proportion of Individuals With Past-Year Suicidal Ideation Who Attempted Suicide Over the Past 10 Years in the United States, and the Influence of Age and Sex

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shannon Lange ◽  
Courtney Bagge ◽  
Charlotte Probst ◽  
Jürgen Rehm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Age Category

Abstract. Background: In recent years, the rate of death by suicide has been increasing disproportionately among females and young adults in the United States. Presumably this trend has been mirrored by the proportion of individuals with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. Aim: We aimed to investigate whether the proportion of individuals in the United States with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide differed by age and/or sex, and whether this proportion has increased over time. Method: Individual-level data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 2008–2017, were used to estimate the year-, age category-, and sex-specific proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. We then determined whether this proportion differed by age category, sex, and across years using random-effects meta-regression. Overall, age category- and sex-specific proportions across survey years were estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. Results: Although the proportion was found to be significantly higher among females and those aged 18–25 years, it had not significantly increased over the past 10 years. Limitations: Data were self-reported and restricted to past-year suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Conclusion: The increase in the death by suicide rate in the United States over the past 10 years was not mirrored by the proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide during this period.

Development and Validation of a German Language Unit-Level Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 852-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Gunnesch-Luca ◽  
Klaus Moser
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
German Language ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Unit Level ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract. The current paper presents the development and validation of a unit-level Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) scale based on the Referent-Shift Consensus Model (RSCM). In Study 1, with 124 individuals measured twice, both an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) established and confirmed a five-factor solution (helping behavior, sportsmanship, loyalty, civic virtue, and conscientiousness). Test–retest reliabilities at a 2-month interval were high (between .59 and .79 for the subscales, .83 for the total scale). In Study 2, unit-level OCB was analyzed in a sample of 129 work teams. Both Interrater Reliability (IRR) measures and Interrater Agreement (IRA) values provided support for RSCM requirements. Finally, unit-level OCB was associated with group task interdependence and was more predictable (by job satisfaction and integrity of the supervisor) than individual-level OCB in previous research.

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