scholarly journals Neuroarchitecture and neuroanatomy of theDrosophilacentral complex: A GAL4-based dissection of protocerebral bridge neurons and circuits

2015 ◽  
Vol 523 (7) ◽  
pp. Spc1-Spc1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Wolff ◽  
Nirmala A. Iyer ◽  
Gerald M. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Protocerebral Bridge

scholarly journals Modulation of sleep-courtship balance by nutritional status in Drosophila

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Duhart ◽  
Victoria Baccini ◽  
Yanan Zhang ◽  
Daniel R. Machado ◽  
Kyunghee Koh
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Calcium Imaging ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Sleep Drive ◽  
Protocerebral Bridge ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Nighttime Sleep

AbstractSleep is essential but incompatible with other behaviors, and thus sleep drive competes with other motivations. We previously showed Drosophila males balance sleep and courtship via octopaminergic neurons that act upstream of courtship-regulating P1 neurons (Machado et al., 2017). Here we show nutrition modulates the sleep-courtship balance and identify sleep-regulatory neurons downstream of P1 neurons. Yeast-deprived males exhibited attenuated female-induced nighttime sleep loss yet normal daytime courtship, which suggests male flies consider nutritional status in deciding whether the potential benefit of pursuing female partners outweighs the cost of losing sleep. Trans-synaptic tracing and calcium imaging identified dopaminergic neurons projecting to the protocerebral bridge (DA-PB) as postsynaptic partners of P1 neurons. Activation of DA-PB neurons led to reduced sleep in normally fed but not yeast-deprived males. Additional PB-projecting neurons regulated male sleep, suggesting several groups of PB-projecting neurons act downstream of P1 neurons to mediate nutritional modulation of the sleep-courtship balance.

scholarly journals Protocerebral bridge neurons that regulate sleep in Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Tomita ◽  
Gosuke Ban ◽  
Yoshiaki S. Kato ◽  
Kazuhiko Kume
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Central Complex ◽  
Neuronal Circuit ◽  
Sleep Regulation ◽  
Synaptic Contacts ◽  
Protocerebral Bridge ◽  
Dopamine Signaling

AbstractThe central complex is one of the major brain regions that control sleep in Drosophila, but the circuitry details of sleep regulation have yet to be elucidated. Here, we show a novel sleep-regulating neuronal circuit in the protocerebral bridge (PB) of the central complex. Activation of the PB interneurons labeled by the R59E08-Gal4 and the PB columnar neurons in the R52B10-Gal4 promoted sleep and wakefulness, respectively. A targeted GFP reconstitution across synaptic partners (t-GRASP) analysis demonstrated synaptic contacts between these two groups of sleep-regulating PB neurons. Furthermore, we found that activation of a pair of dopaminergic (DA) neurons projecting to the PB (T1 DA neurons) decreased sleep. The wake-promoting T1 DA neurons and the sleep-promoting PB interneurons formed close associations. Dopamine 2-like receptor (Dop2R) knockdown in the sleep-promoting PB interneurons increased sleep. These results indicated that the neuronal circuit in the PB regulated by dopamine signaling mediates sleep-wakefulness.

scholarly journals Protocerebral Bridge Neurons That Regulate Sleep in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Tomita ◽  
Gosuke Ban ◽  
Yoshiaki S. Kato ◽  
Kazuhiko Kume
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Synaptic Contact ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Central Complex ◽  
Neuronal Circuit ◽  
Sleep Regulation ◽  
Protocerebral Bridge ◽  
Dopamine Signaling

The central complex is one of the major brain regions that control sleep in Drosophila. However, the circuitry details of sleep regulation have not been elucidated yet. Here, we show a novel sleep-regulating neuronal circuit in the protocerebral bridge (PB) of the central complex. Activation of the PB interneurons labeled by the R59E08-Gal4 and the PB columnar neurons with R52B10-Gal4 promoted sleep and wakefulness, respectively. A targeted GFP reconstitution across synaptic partners (t-GRASP) analysis demonstrated synaptic contact between these two groups of sleep-regulating PB neurons. Furthermore, we found that activation of a pair of dopaminergic (DA) neurons projecting to the PB (T1 DA neurons) decreased sleep. The wake-promoting T1 DA neurons and the sleep-promoting PB interneurons formed close associations. Dopamine 2-like receptor (Dop2R) knockdown in the sleep-promoting PB interneurons increased sleep. These results indicated that the neuronal circuit in the PB, regulated by dopamine signaling, mediates sleep-wakefulness.

Octopamine-like immunoreactivity in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of two parasitic wasps, Cotesia glomerata and Cotesia rubecula

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Smid ◽  
Brenda van der Zee ◽  
Maartje Bleeker
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Cotesia Glomerata ◽  
Mushroom Bodies ◽  
Suboesophageal Ganglion ◽  
Wasp Species ◽  
Labelling Intensity ◽  
Protocerebral Bridge ◽  
The Brain

AbstractTwo closely related parasitoid wasp species, Cotesia glomerata L. and C. rubecula Marshall (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), differ in their display of associative learning and memory during host searching. As octopamine is involved in learning and memory in insects we investigated octopaminergic pathways in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion (SOG) of the two wasps. We used an anti-octopamine antibody and subsequent whole mount analysis using a confocal laserscanning microscope and pertinent software. Three groups of octopaminergic cells were located in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion. One group was located near the antennal lobes and consisted of six to eight cell bodies. A second group was located ventrally in the SOG and was most likely formed by ventral unpaired median (VUM) and VCBN (ventral cell body neurite) neurons. A third group was located in the pars intercerebralis and consisted of four to six cells. Octopamine-like immunoreactivity was furthermore present in the central body, protocerebral bridge, the SOG, antennal lobe, near the alpha and beta lobes of the mushroom bodies and in the mushroom body calyces. Due to the used methods and a high variability in staining intensity it was not possible to detect if there were any differences in the number of neurons, in arborisation patterns or in labelling intensity between the two wasp species.

scholarly journals Ring attractor dynamics emerge from a spiking model of the entire protocerebral bridge

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyobi S. Kakaria ◽  
Benjamin de Bivort
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Azimuthal Angle ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
External Stimulus ◽  
Central Complex ◽  
Connectivity Matrix ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Attractor Dynamics ◽  
Protocerebral Bridge ◽  
External Stimuli

AbstractAnimal navigation is accomplished by a combination of landmark-following and dead reckoning based on estimates of self motion. Both of these approaches require the encoding of heading information, which can be represented as an allocentric or egocentric azimuthal angle. Recently, Ca2+ correlates of landmark position and heading direction, in egocentric coordinates, were observed in the ellipsoid body (EB), a ring-shaped processing unit in the fly central complex (Seelig and Jayaraman, 2015). These correlates displayed key dynamics of so-called ring attractors, namely: 1) responsiveness to the position of external stimuli, 2) persistence in the absence of external stimuli, 3) locking onto a single external stimulus when presented with two competitors, 4) stochastically switching between competitors with low probability, and 5) sliding or jumping between positions when an external stimulus moves. We hypothesized that ring attractor-like activity in the EB arises from reciprocal neuronal connections to a related structure, the protocerebral bridge (PB). Using recent light-microscopy resolution catalogues of neuronal cell types in the PB (Wolff et al., 2015; Lin et al., 2013), we determined a connectivity matrix for the PB-EB circuit. When activity in this network was simulated using a leaky-integrate-and-fire model, we observed patterns of activity that closely resemble the reported Ca2+ phenomena. All qualitative ring attractor behaviors were recapitulated in our model, allowing us to predict failure modes of the PB ring attractor and the circuit dynamic phenotypes of thermogenetic or optogenetic manipulations. Ring attractor dynamics emerged under a wide variety of parameter configurations, even including non-spiking leaky-integrator implementations. This suggests that the ring-attractor computation is a robust output of this circuit, apparently arising from its high-level network properties (topological configuration, local excitation and long-range inhibition) rather than biological nitty gritty.

Effets de deux mutations neurologiques, minibrain3 et no-bridgeKS49, sur la parade nuptiale chez Drosophila melanogaster

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 985-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bouhouche ◽  
T. Benziane ◽  
G. Vaysse
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Male Courtship ◽  
Protocerebral Bridge ◽  
Copulation Attempt ◽  
The Brain

Male courtship events of two neurological mutants (nobridgeKS49 (nob) and minibrain3 (mnb)) of Drosophila melanogaster were recorded and subjected to quantitative and sequential analysis. The nob mutation, which disorganizes the protocerebral bridge, causes specific defects in courtship: a low frequency of the copulation attempt and the disappearance of the licking – copulation attempt sequence. Thus, the nob males were unable to copulate with receptive females within the 30-min observation. We think that this may be due to an abnormality in their wing vibrations. The mnb mutant, characterized by a reduction of the brain (by more than 50%), exhibited difficulties in initiating courtship and in maintaining contact with the female during courtship. These courtship defects may be due to visual and locomotor anomalies.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Wiring Diagram of the Protocerebral Bridge for Visual Information Processing in the Drosophila Brain

Cell Reports ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1739-1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Yung Lin ◽  
Chao-Chun Chuang ◽  
Tzu-En Hua ◽  
Chun-Chao Chen ◽  
Barry J. Dickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Information Processing ◽  
Wiring Diagram ◽  
Drosophila Brain ◽  
Protocerebral Bridge
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