ChemInform Abstract: Anaerobic Treatment of Low-Strength Wastewater by a Biofilm Reactor

ChemInform ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (38) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Ioannis D. Manariotis ◽  
Sotirios G. Grigoropoulos ◽  
Yung-Tse Hung
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Low Strength

Anaerobic Treatment of Low-Strength Wastewater in a Biofilm Reactor

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 2057-2068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis D. Manariotis ◽  
Sotirios G. Grigoropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Low Strength

Anaerobic Treatment of Low-Strength Wastewater by a Biofilm Reactor

2010 ◽  
pp. 445-496
Author(s):  
Ioannis D. Manariotis ◽  
Sotirios G. Grigoropoulos ◽  
Yung-Tse Hung
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Low Strength

High-rate anaerobic treatment of Fischer–Tropsch wastewater in a packed-bed biofilm reactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 2745-2752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Majone ◽  
Federico Aulenta ◽  
Davide Dionisi ◽  
Ezio N. D'Addario ◽  
Rosa Sbardellati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Packed Bed ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fischer Tropsch

Low strength wastewater treatment using emerging anaerobic treatment processes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Liyuan Hou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Extracellular Electron Transfer ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Anodic Chamber ◽  
Specific Affinity ◽  
Low Strength

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Anaerobic treatment is a promising and energy saving process for low-strength wastewater treatment. Roles of half saturation constant (Ks) and maximum specific growth rate (umax) in anaerobic treatment systems, however, are often overlooked. This study proposed to apply specific affinity (defined as umax/ Ks) as the key performance indicator of anaerobic processes treating low-strength wastewater. Furthermore, this study provided a new insight into the relationship between specific affinity and population of methanogens in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating low-strength wastewater. High abundance of Methanosaeta (85.8% of total archaea) was linked to the high specific affinity (1.6 x 10[superscript -3] L/mg COD/d) in acclimated anaerobic sludge, resulting in low effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations. Short hydraulic retention times (HRTs) are preferred for AnMBRs to treat low strength wastewater at a high volumetric organic loading rate with lower capital costs. However, short HRTs become a potential bottleneck in anaerobic treatment processes because of possible interspecies mass transfer limitations and membrane fouling in AnMBRs. Till now, little is known about how short HRTs would affect effluent water quality that is linked to the specific affinity of anaerobic sludge and their microbial community structures in AnMBRs. In current study, the overall performance, specific affinity of anaerobic sludge, and dynamics of community structures of an AnMBR treating synthetic municipal wastewater at decreasing HRTs (i.e., 24 h, 12 h, and 6 h) was investigated. A decrease in HRT resulted in sludge with high specific affinity. Correspondingly, Methanosaeta became the dominant methanogens in the AnMBR. Both the effluent water quality and methane yield were enhanced. Municipal wastewater contains complex organic constituents while multi-step biochemical processes are involved in anaerobic treatment processes. Two identical AnMBR were operated under decreasing HRTs (24 h, 12 h, and 6 h, respectively) treating low strength wastewater containing different substrate (acetate or glucose, respectively). As a result, microbial communities in the two AnMBRs diverged. The effluent quality and methane yield were enhanced in the acetate fed AnMBR while methane yield decreased in the glucose fed AnMBR as HRT decreased. Correspondingly, the abundance of Methanosaetaceae in the acetate fed AnMBR increased, but it decreased in the AnMBR fed with glucose. Interestingly, hydrogenotrophic methanogens have a higher proportion in the glucose fed AnMBR than in the acetate fed AnMBR. Overall, a minimum HRT higher than 6 h may be required to treat wastewater containing complex organic matter to ensure a successful operation. To treat the sulfate-containing low-strength wastewater, we proposed a newly designed anaerobic microbial fuel cell (MFC) system that could be used to produce electricity and remove sulfate simultaneously. A maximum voltage output of 129 mV was observed under the following feed conditions: that the ratio of lactate: sulfate was 60:20 and 0:10 in the anodic chamber and cathodic chamber, respectively. The decrease in the organic substrate/sulfate ratio in anodic chamber had a great effect on the electricity production, which could be resulted from an increasing DvH attaching on the electrode at a higher sulfate concertation contributes more electrons transfer. However, there was no significant electricity production at the ratio of two presumably because sulfate in the anodic chamber obtained all electrons produced by lactate without transferring to cathodic chamber since the stoichiometric ratio of lactate and sulfate is two. To our knowledge, this was the first time to show the electricity generation by using Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH) in such a MFC configuration. Electron microscopic analysis indicated that nanoscale filaments could enhance the extracellular electron transfer of DvH. DvH biofilm, which is necessary for extracellular electron transfer, suggesting that DvH has multiple direct electron transfer mechanisms. This could further benefit the application of DvH to enhance the power output and treat the real sulfate-containing low-strength wastewater.

Anaerobic treatment of vinasses by a sequentially mixed moving bed biofilm reactor

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sheli ◽  
R. Moletta
Keyword(s):  
Mixing Time ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Specific Density ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Biofilm Carrier ◽  
Distillery Wastewater

Wine distillery wastewater, commonly called vinasses, was treated by an anaerobic moving bed biofilm reactor (AMBBR) with 32.9 litre available volume. The reactor was filled with 66% cylindrical polyethylene supports with density 0.84 g cm−3 as a biofilm carrier. The reactor was sequentially mixed by a submerged centrifugal pump fixed to the bottom, and each mixing time just lasted 1.25 minutes. The organic loading rate (OLR) of the reactor were increased from 1.6 to 29.6 g sCOD l−1 d−1 (soluble chemical oxygen demands −sCOD) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) was decreased from 6.33 to 1.55 days accordingly. Soluble COD removal efficiency was 81.3–89.2% at an OLR of 29.6 g sCOD l−1d−1. At the end of the experiment, 83.4% total biomass was attached on support and the specific density of support in the reactor was 0.93–1.05 g cm−3, which increased by about 10.7–25% compared with that at the beginning of the study.

Effect of agitation on the performance of an anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor in the treatment of dairy effluents

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 995-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Z. Penteado ◽  
R. S. S. Santana ◽  
A. L. B. Dibiazi ◽  
S. C. de Pinho ◽  
R. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Volatile Acid ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Organic Matter Concentration ◽  
Dairy Effluents

Agitation rate is an important parameter in the operation of Anaerobic Sequencing Biofilm Batch Reactors (ASBBRs), and a proper agitation rate guarantees good mixing, improves mass transfer, and enhances the solubility of the particulate organic matter. Dairy effluents have a high amount of particulate organic matter, and their anaerobic digestion presents inhibitory intermediates (e.g., long-chain fatty acids). The importance of studying agitation in such batch systems is clear. The present study aimed to evaluate how agitation frequency influences the anaerobic treatment of dairy effluents. The ASBBR was fed with wastewater from milk pasteurisation process and cheese manufacture with no whey segregation. The organic matter concentration, measured as chemical oxygen demand (COD), was maintained at approximately 8,000 mg/L. The reactor was operated with four agitation frequencies: 500 rpm, 350 rpm, 200 rpm, and no agitation. In terms of COD removal efficiency, similar results were observed for 500 rpm and 350 rpm (around 90%) and for 200 rpm and no agitation (around 80%). Increasing the system’s agitation thus not only improved the global efficiency of organic matter removal but also influenced volatile acid production and consumption and clearly modified this balance in each experimental condition.

Anaerobic treatment of landfill leachate by sulfate reduction

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Henry ◽  
D. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Sulphate Reduction ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Low Strength

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the sulphate-reduction pathway in the anaerobic treatment of landfill leachate. The effects of several COD/SO4 ratios (keeping COD constant) and loadings on anaerobic filter performance were studied and compared with the results from anaerobic filters which followed the methanogenic pathway. Results indicated that the treatability of leachate by sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) was dependent upon the leachate strength. With high strength leachate (COD=15000 mg/L) from the Keele Valley Landfill, it was found that at lower COD/SO4 ratios (≤1.6) toxic conditions developed in the system that were more inhibitory to the SRB than to the methane producing bacteria (MPB). As the COD/SO4 ratio increased, methanogenesis predominated. No predominance of SRB occurred at any COD/SO4 ratio with high strength leachate. The highest COD removal achieved was about 70% of which 20% was accomplished by the SRB at a COD/SO4 ratio of 1.6 and an organic loading rate (OLR) of 4 kg COD/m3.d. With low strength leachate (COD=1500-3300 mg/L) from the Brock West Landfill, and a COD/SO4 ratio <1, SRB became predominant. In these anaerobic filters in which SRB were predominant, the SRB reduced the COD as well as the MPB could. Sulphide inhibition did not take place at any loading in units treating low strength leachate. Consequently, both SRB and MPB should function at COD/SO4 ratios between 1 and 3. About 60% COD removal was achieved at a loading of 2.8 kg COD/m3.d and a COD/SO4 ratio of 1.0. However at a loading of 6 kg COD/m3.d only 27% COD removal was achieved, all of it through the sulphate-reduction pathway. These OLR values are comparable to those applied in systems where methanogenesis was dominant. It was also observed that once the methanogens were established in the units, it was not possible to displace them completely. However, where methanogenesis had not been previously established, it was found that sulphate-reduction could be the sole pathway for COD removal. From this study, it can be concluded that there is no advantage to the sulphate-reduction pathway in the anaerobic treatment of landfill leachate. The other options for increasing the loadings, i.e. the use of high surface/volume filter media (to achieve higher biomass concentrations) or high rate systems are likely to be more successful.

Anaerobic treatment of low-strength synthetic TCF effluents and biomass adhesion in fixed-bed systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuska Mosquera-Corral ◽  
Angela Belmar ◽  
Jacqueline Decap ◽  
Katherine Sossa ◽  
Homero Urrutia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Low Strength
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