Effect of agitation on the performance of an anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor in the treatment of dairy effluents

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 995-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Z. Penteado ◽  
R. S. S. Santana ◽  
A. L. B. Dibiazi ◽  
S. C. de Pinho ◽  
R. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Volatile Acid ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Organic Matter Concentration ◽  
Dairy Effluents

Agitation rate is an important parameter in the operation of Anaerobic Sequencing Biofilm Batch Reactors (ASBBRs), and a proper agitation rate guarantees good mixing, improves mass transfer, and enhances the solubility of the particulate organic matter. Dairy effluents have a high amount of particulate organic matter, and their anaerobic digestion presents inhibitory intermediates (e.g., long-chain fatty acids). The importance of studying agitation in such batch systems is clear. The present study aimed to evaluate how agitation frequency influences the anaerobic treatment of dairy effluents. The ASBBR was fed with wastewater from milk pasteurisation process and cheese manufacture with no whey segregation. The organic matter concentration, measured as chemical oxygen demand (COD), was maintained at approximately 8,000 mg/L. The reactor was operated with four agitation frequencies: 500 rpm, 350 rpm, 200 rpm, and no agitation. In terms of COD removal efficiency, similar results were observed for 500 rpm and 350 rpm (around 90%) and for 200 rpm and no agitation (around 80%). Increasing the system’s agitation thus not only improved the global efficiency of organic matter removal but also influenced volatile acid production and consumption and clearly modified this balance in each experimental condition.

scholarly journals Applicability of biological wastewater treatment for various industries

2021 ◽  
Vol 941 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
Basamykina Alena ◽  
Kurkina Ekaterina ◽  
Kameristaya Maria
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Biological Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Aerobic Treatment ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Inorganic Substances

Abstract Biological treatment methods are used to remove organic and some inorganic substances from wastewater using the simplest organisms that use these substances for nutrition, breaking them down using cellular processes. The article deals with the aerobic, anaerobic and anoxic stages of biological wastewater treatment. Their differences are explained and the best way to use biological processes is analyzed according to the type of industry/production. At wastewater treatment plants, anaerobic treatment is often used at first to remove a significant part of organic substances from wastewater before sending them for further aerobic treatment. Aerobic treatment is effective for various types of wastewater, especially with lower biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). A comparative analysis of wastewater composition from food, oil and gas processing, pharmaceutical and pulp and paper industries was carried out. In the presence of organic compounds, the technology is chosen depending on the total organic matter content or the total COD content, which characterizes the total organic matter in water. A combination of anaerobic and aerobic methods is possible, if a discharge into the sewer system or into water bodies is required. The grounds for the application of biological wastewater treatment of these industries are given.

scholarly journals Partial Nitrification in a Sequencing Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (SMBBR) with Zeolite as Biomass Carrier: Effect of Sulfide Pulses and Organic Matter Presence

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 2484
Author(s):  
César Huiliñir ◽  
Vivian Fuentes ◽  
Carolina Estuardo ◽  
Christian Antileo ◽  
Ernesto Pino-Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sulfide Oxidation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Partial Nitrification ◽  
Liquid Volume ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed

This work aimed to achieve partial nitrification (PN) in a Sequencing Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor SMBBR with zeolite as a biomass carrier by using sulfide pulses in the presence of organic matter as an inhibitor. Two conditions were evaluated: sulfide (HS−) = 5 mg S/L and vvm (air volume per liquid volume per minute, L of air L−1 of liquid min−1) = 0.1 (condition 1); and a HS− = 10 mg S/L and a vvm = 0.5 (condition 2). The simultaneous effect of organic matter and sulfide was evaluated at a Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) = 350 mg/L and HS− = 5 mg S/L, with a vvm = 0.5. As a result, using the sulfide pulse improved the nitrite accumulation in both systems. However, Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) oxidation in both processes decreased by up to 60%. The simultaneous presence of COD and sulfide significantly reduced the TAN and nitrite oxidation, with a COD removal yield of 80% and sulfide oxidation close to 20%. Thus, the use of a sulfide pulse enabled PN in a SMBBR with zeolite. Organic matter, together with the sulfide pulse, almost completely inhibited the nitrification process despite using zeolite.

scholarly journals Effect of Initial pH and Organic Matter Concentration on Production of Volatile Organic Acids Through Acidogenesis of Sugarcane Vinasse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Martins ◽  
Hugo Valença de Araújo ◽  
Gustavo Mockaitis ◽  
Ariovaldo José da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Organic Matter Concentration ◽  
Simulated Effluent ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Matter Concentration ◽  
Sugarcane Vinasse

ABSTRACTSugarcane vinasse is an industrial liquid waste generated in great amounts in Brazilian ethanol industries. Nowadays its main use occurs at sugarcane crops, where vinasse is applied as a nutrient source for fertirrigation. However, continued use of vinasse in soil can cause several environmental impacts. So, aiming to provide a more environmentally friendly destination to the effluent, the goal of this work was to investigate the acidogenesis using a synthetic vinasse as substrate, focusing on the effects of initial pH and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) on short chain organic acids (SCOAs) concentrations. Synthetic vinasse was prepared at laboratory taking some real sugarcane vinasse composition given in previous works as references. So, major contribution presented here is the investigation on obtaining high added-value SCOAs from a simulated effluent. Cattle manure sludge was utilized as inoculum to promote the conversion of carbohydrate (sucrose, Suc) in synthetic vinasse into SCOAs in batch reactors during a total incubation time of 72 h. Acidogenesis profiles have shown that concentration of lactic acid (HLa) was prevailing among all metabolites, indicating that process followed through an essentially lactic route. Furthermore, considerable concentrations of propionic, acetic and isobutyric acids were also verified at some specific operation times, while solventogenesis was not detected at all. The greatest peak of lactate content was 4.96 g HLa L−1, observed under initial pH 6.0 and 25 g COD L−1, at 16 h. Maximum of lactate productivity was 332.10 g HLa L−1 h−1 at 8 h, associated to a yield of 189.14 g HLa (g Suc)−1, under initial pH 7.5 and 20 g COD L−1.

scholarly journals Effects of Organic Pollution on some Fish and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Groups in Rivers Tigris and Diyala at Baghdad Area.

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 462-470
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The City ◽  
Polluted Waters

Various activities taking place within the city of Baghdad have significantly contributed to organic pollution in Rivers Tigris and Diyala. The present study aimed to assess some physical, chemical and biological aspects of six sites on Rivers Tigris and Diyala as they flow through the city of Baghdad. Monthly samples were collected for the period January to December, 2005. Marked differences in the physical and chemical characteristics of water were noted between the two rivers’ sites. Average values during the study period of dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, particulate organic matter, nitrate, phosphate and total dissolved solids for Tigris and Diyala were 7.8,4.7; 2.4,10.4; 350.1,921.4;7.8,13.9;1.2,4.8;814,2176 mg / l respectively. The populations of two fish species, known to be present in polluted waters Silurus triostegus and Mystus pelusis, were also investigated. The two species markedly differed in their favored sites, and their numbers were significantly correlated with particulate organic matter. Average length and weight of Silurus triostegus and Mystus pelusius were respectively 40.1mm, 56.8gm and 15.3mm, 68.3gm for River Tigris, and 40.5mm, 67.5gm and 17.9mm, 73gm respectively for River Diyala. Average population densities of the major groups of benthic macro invertebrate fauna [Crustaceans, Annelids, Insects and Mollusks] were 1496, 2640, 2574 and 1744 individual/m2 respectively for River Tigris and 463, 2312, 2287 and 1700 individual/m2 respectively for River Diyala. Most invertebrate groups showed positive correlation with particulate organic matter. Despite the severity of organic enrichment in River Diyala, biotic conditions in its sites were rather similar, unlike sites on River Tigris where they significantly differed in many physical, chemical and biotic respects.

Hydrolysis and degradation of filtrated organic particulates in a biofilm reactor under anoxic and aerobic conditions

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Janning ◽  
K. Mesterton ◽  
P. Harremoës
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Endogenous Respiration ◽  
Aerobic Degradation

Two experiments were performed in order to investigate the anoxic and the aerobic degradation of filtrated organic matter in a biofilter. In submerged lab. scale reactors with Biocarbone media as filter material, accumulated particulate organic matter from pre-settled wastewater served as the only carbon source for anoxic and aerobic degradation respectively. In order to utilise the accumulated organic matter, the bacteria in the biofilm had to produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes for the hydrolysis process. In the first experiment with anoxic degradation, a significant denitrification occurred. The maximum nitrate removal rate, with particulate organic matter as carbon source, was found to 1 g NO3-N/ (m2d), declining exponentially as rA.NO3-N = 1.04 e −4t g NO3-N/(m2d) (t = days). A significant release of soluble organic matter (< 0.45 μm) and production of inorganic carbon to the bulk liquid was observed as an indication of hydrolysis taking place. The second experiment was designed as a series of on-line OUR batch experiments in a biofilm reactor with recirculation, in order to investigate further the degradation of particulate organic matter. After the biofilm had been starved in order to remove the original organic matter, particulate organic matter was added and the degradation kinetics recorded. The initial removal rate was high, rA.02 = 2.1 g O2/(m2d) though fast declining towards endogenous respiration. The respiration ratio between removed oxygen and produced carbon dioxide was declining from 1.3 to 1.0 g O2/g CO2 during the degradation of organic particulates. The respiration ratio during endogenous respiration was determined to be 0.7 g O2/g CO2 indicating a thorough mineralisation of biomass.

Organic matter degradation in a greywater recycling system using a multistage moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 3328-3339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assia Saidi ◽  
Khaoula Masmoudi ◽  
Erwin Nolde ◽  
Btissam El Amrani ◽  
Fouad Amraoui
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Organic Matter Degradation ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Recycling System ◽  
Service Water

Abstract Greywater is an important non-conventional water resource which can be treated and recycled in buildings. A decentralized greywater recycling system for 223 inhabitants started operating in 2006 in Berlin, Germany. High load greywater undergoes advanced treatment in a multistage moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) followed by sand filtration and UV disinfection. The treated water is used safely as service water for toilet flushing. Monitoring of the organic matter degradation was pursued to describe the degradation processes in each stage and optimize the system. Results showed that organic matter reduction was achieved for the most part in the first three reactors, whereas the highest reduction rate was observed in the third reactor in terms of COD (chemical oxygen demand), dissolved organic carbon and BOD7 (biological oxygen demand). The results also showed that the average loading rate entering the system was 3.7 kg COD/d, while the removal rate was 3.4 kg COD/d in a total bioreactor volume of 11.7 m³. In terms of BOD, the loading rate was 2.8 kg BOD/d and it was almost totally removed. This system requires little space (0.15 m²/person) and maintenance work of less than one hour per month and it shows operational stability under peak loads.

scholarly journals Treatment of UASB-treated recycled paper wastewater using SBR and SBBR: A comparison

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 3473-3486
Author(s):  
Jun Han ◽  
Lirong Lei ◽  
Fangrui Cai ◽  
Youming Li
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Wastewater ◽  
High Chemical Oxygen Demand

Anaerobic-oxic (AO) systems have been extensively adopted for the biological treatment of wastewater from recycled paper mills, which is characterized by high chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations and contains hundreds of organic compounds. In this study, an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) served as the anaerobic treatment of recycled paper mill wastewater. Then, either a sequential batch reactor (SBR) or a sequential batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) were adopted as aerobic treatment to treat the UASB effluent respectively. Parameters such as COD, BOD5, and TSS were measured to compare the treatment performance of SBR and the SBBR. After 80 days’ operation, COD removal efficiency of SBR and SBBR were 21.79 ± 3.4% and 38.38 ± 2.69% respectively; TSS removal efficiencies were 20.84 ± 5.15% and 47.02 ± 5.84% respectively. The results indicated that SBR was effective for removing residual organic matter in UASB effluent. However, SBBR showed significant advantages for the removal of COD and total suspended solids (TSS), which are ascribed to the effective biomass retention and biofiltration of SBBR.

scholarly journals Application of electromagnetic field in anaerobic biodigestion in batch reactors

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 4972-4981
Author(s):  
Julios César de Souza Matos ◽  
Ladislav Rozenský ◽  
Zdeněk Vrba ◽  
Justin Michael Hansen ◽  
Miroslav Hájek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Constant Electromagnetic Field

Anaerobic digestion processes with biogas production are widely used for organic waste treatment with an emphasis on energy recovery. Some recent studies have demonstrated the influence of magnetism on microbiological activity. These indicate a possible influence on the efficiency of anaerobic digestion. Thus, technologies that act in anaerobic digestion enhancement can contribute to the improvement of treatment of organic compounds. The present study aimed to verify the influence of a constant electromagnetic field on the anaerobic digestion in anaerobic reactors fed with glucose (2 g/L) at 37 ± 2 °C. In each experiment, reactors were operated with a constant electromagnetic field of 5, 7.5, and 10 mT. The inoculum was granular sludge from an anaerobic treatment plant in a non-selective media culture. Biogas production, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and solids removal were measured during the experiment. Results showed differences in methane production of 21.5% and in COD removal of 15% in the tests with an electromagnetic field of 7.5 mT. These results signs for the viability of the application of a constant magnetic field as a biostimulation agent.

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