scholarly journals “Acute onset tetraplegia associated with immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia and suspected secondary intraspinal hemorrhage in a dog”

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1673-1679
Author(s):  
Jasmine S. Lee ◽  
Tara Jane Bellis ◽  
Adam S. Yoskowitz ◽  
Boaz Levitin
Keyword(s):  
Acute Onset ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Intraspinal Hemorrhage

scholarly journals Allergic Diseases and Immune-Mediated Food Disorders in Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime S. Rosa ◽  
Joseph D. Hernandez ◽  
Janell A. Sherr ◽  
Bridget M. Smith ◽  
Kayla D. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Immune Mediated

scholarly journals Presumed immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia associated with pregnancy in a cat

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 205511691984168
Author(s):  
Matthew A Kopke ◽  
Sarah Pemberton ◽  
Craig G Ruaux
Keyword(s):  
Haemolytic Anaemia ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Large Uterus ◽  
Saline Test

Case summary A 7-year-old female entire Birman presented with acute-onset haemorrhagic vulvar discharge. Moderate, normocytic, normochromic, non-/pre-regenerative anaemia, along with a moderate mature neutrophilia, were seen on haematology. Saline test for agglutination was positive. No haemotropic mycoplasmas were identified. Serum biochemistry revealed severe hyperbilirubinaemia. Retroviral testing was negative. Serology for toxoplasmosis revealed a titre of 1:512. Abdominal ultrasound identified a large uterus, containing at least three advanced-stage fetuses, two of which failed to exhibit independent motion or cardiac activity. Ovariohysterectomy was performed. Histology demonstrated mild, multifocal suppurative placentitis, with Gram staining revealing no evidence of bacteria. Complete resolution of the anaemia was seen within 1.5 months of ovariohysterectomy. Relevance and novel information Immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA) in association with pregnancy has not been previously reported in cats. This case represents a potential novel cause for IMHA in cats, which resolved following ovariohysterectomy.

The Application of Clinical, Electrophysiological and Nerve Ultrasound Parameters in Distinguishing Acute-onset Chronic from Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios Kerasnoudis ◽  
Kallia Pitarokoili ◽  
Ralf Gold ◽  
Min-Suk Yoon ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Nerve Ultrasound ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Early Application ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Ultrasound Parameters

History-taking and nerve conduction studies are fundamental for the diagnosis and assessment of the severity of acute (AIDP) or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). The diagnostic challenge of distinguishing these two immune-mediated subacute polyradiculoneuropathies remains high, as intravenous immunoglobulin and steroids exert short-term clinical improvement in the majority of the CIDP cases, whereas steroids have no effect on AIDP patients. Accordingly, the precise classification of subacute polyradiculoneuropathies significantly affects the early application of steroids in CIDP. This review aims to give a timely update on the application of clinical, electrophysiological and nerve ultrasound parameters in distinguishing subacute CIDP from AIDP.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a dachshund bitch – a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol XXII (128) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
João Otávio Sacchi ◽  
Marilene Machado Silva ◽  
Jessica Crespi Sabadin ◽  
Jessica Naiara Voitena ◽  
Lindomar Fernandes Pessoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Cell Agglutination ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Positive Treatment ◽  
Primary Origin ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Premature Removal

Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia leads to the premature removal of erythrocytes. It is a type 2 hypersensitivity reaction in which erythrocytes are covered by antibodies or complement and are phagocytized in the spleen or lysed within the blood vessels. It is considered of primary origin when the causes of the onset of the disease are unknown, or regarded as secondary when resulting from external antigens. The diagnosis may be therapeutic or based on the direct positive Coombs test in conjunction with laboratory findings, such as moderate to severe variable regeneration anemia, polychromasia, spherocytosis, red blood cell agglutination, hyperbilirubinemia, and hemoglobinuria. Treatment is based on immunosuppressive doses of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as prednisone. This paper reports the case of an acute onset in a dog diagnosed with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, presenting apathy, dyspnea, pain upon abdominal palpation, splenomegaly and pale mucous membranes. Coombs direct test was positive. Treatment started with prednisone, but as the response was not favorable, other drugs were associated to it. Evolution was unfavorable and the owner opted for euthanasia due to poor prognosis.

scholarly journals Traumatic Blepharitis Including Cutanous Changes with a Clinical Appearance of Immune-Mediated Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-130
Author(s):  
Kecova Helga ◽  
Milcic-Matic Natalija ◽  
Lazic Tatjana ◽  
Grozdanic Sinisa
Keyword(s):  
Skin Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Clinical Appearance ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Traumatic Origin ◽  
Ulcerative Lesions ◽  
Systemic Examination ◽  
Systemic Antibiotic Treatment

Abstract A four-year-old intact male Labrador retriever was presented with acute onset of ulcerative lesions around both eyes, on the mucocutaneous junctions around the muzzle and nares, and on the lateral aspects of paw pads. All lesions were symmetrical and well demarcated. The rest of ocular and systemic examination was unremarkable. The onset of lesions was acute and coincided with an episode of intense hunting in switchgrass. Similar lesions were present in another dog used in the same hunting trip. The clinical presentation was suggestive of a possible immune-mediated skin disease. However, the patient responded to systemic antibiotic treatment with full recovery without recurrence upon cessation of therapy. Traumatic origin should be included into differential diagnosis of mucocutaneous ulcerative lesions presenting as a possible immune-mediated skin disease.

scholarly journals A juvenilis és felnőttkori dermatomyositises betegek klinikai jellemzői

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (37) ◽  
pp. 1491-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orsolya Szalmás ◽  
Melinda Nagy-Vince ◽  
Katalin Dankó ◽  
Flóra Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Dermatomyositis ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Inflammatory Myopathies ◽  
Proximal Muscle ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Skin Symptoms ◽  
Typical Skin

Introduction: Juvenile and adult dermatomysitis are chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory myopathies characterized by progressive proximal muscle weakness and typical skin symptoms. Aim: To compare the symptoms, laboratory and serological findings, treatment and disease course in children and adults suffering from dermatomyositis. Method: In this retrospective study, juvenile and adult dermatomyositis groups were formed. There were 27 patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (mean age, 8.7 years; mean follow-up time: 104.6 months) and 30 adult patients (mean age, 50.3; mean follow-up time: 58.1 months). Results: In patients with juvenile dermatomyositis, treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and cyclosporine A were more frequent as compared to adult patients. Acute onset of the disease was more frequent in adult patients than in those with juvenile disease. In children symptoms of the disease developed gradually. Conclusions: The findings confirm previously published data showing that there are differences between juvenile and adult patients with dermatomyositis. The authors recommend to follow the patients regularly after reaching remission to avoid bad patient compliance and decrease the number and severity of relapses. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(37), 1491–1496.

scholarly journals A Severe Course of Relapsing-Remitting Acute-Onset Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy in a Young Man

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Anna P. Patnaik ◽  
Joseph Mininni ◽  
Neil C. Porter ◽  
Nicholas A. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Guillain Barré

Acute-onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (A-CIDP) is an immune mediated neuropathy characterized by progressive weakness and sensory impairment lasting over 2 months. Guillain-Barré-Strohl syndrome (GBS) is an immune mediated polyneuropathy with a similar presentation often over less than 4 weeks. While some have argued for the existence of recurrent GBS, most classify the syndrome as a form of relapsing-remitting CIDP. However, there are cases of GBS with treatment-related fluctuations that must be distinguished from A-CIDP as patients with A-CIDP require long-term immunotherapy. In this case report, we discuss a patient with multiple relapses over 3 years, who is more likely to have A-CIDP. His ganglioside profile, which has rarely been reported in A-CIDP, included high concentrations of anti-GM1, anti-GD1a, and anti-GD1b antibodies, which may account for his severe disease course.

scholarly journals COVID‐19‐associated immune‐mediated encephalitis mimicking acute‐onset Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Beretta ◽  
Andrea Stabile ◽  
Claudia Balducci ◽  
Jacopo C. DiFrancesco ◽  
Adriana Patruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Onset ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Jakob Disease

A case of newly diagnosed autoimmune diabetes in pregnancy presenting after acute onset of diabetic ketoacidosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charissa DiNobile ◽  
Anna Fuchs ◽  
Kimberly Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Islet Cell Antibodies ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Insulin Requirements ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Objectives We present a case of immune-mediated diabetes mellitus, diagnosed in pregnancy upon presentation with diabetic ketoacidosis, found to have normal glucose control postpartum. Case presentation A 28-year-old medically uncomplicated G1P0 presented in diabetic ketoacidosis at 28.2 weeks gestation. Workup for pancreatic autoantibodies revealed indeterminate anti-islet cell antibodies and positive anti-glutamic acid antibodies. She was stabilized with intravenous fluids and insulin, and transitioned to long and short acting subcutaneous insulin. Her insulin requirements decreased over the course of her pregnancy. Spontaneous vaginal delivery occurred at 37 weeks. Her postpartum glucose control was normal without re-initiation of insulin. Conclusions The diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis during pregnancy should prompt further investigation into an underlying diagnosis of immune mediated diabetes. These patients should be followed closely in the postpartum period.

scholarly journals Acute Sensory and Autonomic Neuronopathy: A Devastating Disorder Affecting Sensory and Autonomic Ganglia

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (05) ◽  
pp. 580-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Gutierrez ◽  
Jose-Alberto Palma ◽  
Horacio Kaufmann
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Autonomic Ganglia ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Autonomic Testing ◽  
Immune Mediated

AbstractAcute-onset and severe sensory and autonomic deficits with no motor dysfunction, typically preceded by a febrile illness, with poor recovery, and often fatal outcome are the hallmark features of acute sensory and autonomic neuronopathy (ASANN). Pathologically and electrophysiologically, ASANN is characterized by an extensive ganglionopathy affecting sensory and autonomic ganglia with preservation of motor neurons. Consequently, patients, usually children or young adult, develop acute-onset profound widespread loss of all sensory modalities resulting in automutilations, as well as autonomic failure causing neurogenic orthostatic hypotension, neurogenic underactive bladder, and gastroparesis and constipation. The diagnosis is clinical with support of nerve conduction studies and autonomic testing, as well as spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging showing characteristic posterior cord hyperintensities. Although the presumed etiology is immune-mediated, further studies are required to clarify the physiopathology of the disease. We here performed a systematic review of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of ASANN, with three representative cases that recently presented at our clinic. All three patients had the typical clinical manifestations of ASANN but in different combinations, illustrating the variable phenotype of the disorder. Immunosuppression is seldom effective. Management options are limited to supportive and symptomatic care with the goal of minimizing complications and preventing death.

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