Coupon Procedures for Evaluating Lead and Copper Solubility

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 12-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Cornwell ◽  
Jacob R. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Copper Solubility

Copper corrosion control in the Netherlands

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G.G. Slaats ◽  
H. Brink ◽  
T.J.J. van der Hoven
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Copper Pipe ◽  
Copper Release ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
Split Treatment ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Monitoring Protocols ◽  
Copper Solubility

Copper is the most commonly used material for pipes in domestic installations in the Netherlands. Depending on the composition of the water the copper pipes can add a significant amount of copper to drinking water. In the new European Drinking Water Directive (98/83/EC) the parametric value for copper in drinking water is decreased from 3 to 2 mg/l. The new directive also stipulates that copper levels should be determined on the basis of a sample ‘taken at the consumers' tap’ representative of the weekly average intake by humans. Harmonisation of monitoring protocols for copper in the European member states is necessary. In the Netherlands about 45% of the drinking water is already softened or de-acidified in order to decrease copper concentrations in drinking water. In the Netherlands two new treatment techniques have been studied for their impact on copper release; these are Reverse Osmosis (RO) and the addition of inhibitors. Copper pipe rig tests have shown that RO treatment decreases copper release. Split treatment of water with RO reduces copper solubility of drinking water through a decrease in both total inorganic carbon (TIC) and sulphate level. Remarkable was the relatively small decrease in copper release after split treatment with RO, compared to previous experiences in the Netherlands, suggesting an effect of natural organic matter. A new promising technique in the Netherlands is the addition of the inhibitor carbonate-activated silicate. At the test sites, the reduction in copper solubility due to the use of carbonate-activated silicate was 15 to 35%.

scholarly journals Copper Solubility and Redox Equilibria in Magnesia Saturated CaO-CuOx-FeOx Slags

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 2072-2079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Somerville ◽  
Shouyi Sun ◽  
Sharif Jahanshahi
Keyword(s):  
Redox Equilibria ◽  
Copper Solubility

Dietary fructose vs glucose lowers copper solubility in the digesta in the small intestine of rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit J. Van den Berg ◽  
Shiguang Yu ◽  
Annet Van der Heijden ◽  
Arnoldina G. Lemmens ◽  
Anton C. Beynen
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dietary Fructose ◽  
Copper Solubility

The Solubility of Copper and Its Oxides in Supercritical Steam

1963 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Pocock ◽  
J. F. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Oxidation State ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Copper Deposition ◽  
High Pressure Turbine ◽  
Narrow Temperature Range ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Copper Solubility

This paper contains a study of the solubility of copper and its oxides in supercritical steam which was undertaken because of difficulties experienced with copper deposition in the high-pressure turbine of the Ohio Power Company’s Philo 6 supercritical steam-generating cycle. This study shows that copper has appreciable solubility in superheated supercritical steam. The extent of solubility is apparently a function of the oxidation state of the metal, with the highest state of oxidation (CuO) showing the greatest solubility. A slightly increased solubility was effected by increasing pH values from ∼7.5 to ∼9.5 with ammonia. It is also shown that copper solubility is principally a function of pressure over the narrow temperature range tested (900–1150 F) probably because this parameter has the greatest effect on specific volume.

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