Dietary fructose vs glucose lowers copper solubility in the digesta in the small intestine of rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit J. Van den Berg ◽  
Shiguang Yu ◽  
Annet Van der Heijden ◽  
Arnoldina G. Lemmens ◽  
Anton C. Beynen
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dietary Fructose ◽  
Copper Solubility

Rat-dietary fructose and the intestinal distribution and growth of Moniliformis (Acanthocephala)

Parasitology ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. T. Crompton ◽  
Anne Keymer ◽  
A. Singhvi ◽  
M. C. Nesheim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Infection Period ◽  
Dietary Fructose ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Maize Oil

SUMMARYThe numbers, distribution in the small intestine, sexual development and growth (dry weight) of 5-week-old Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala) were investigated experimentally in adult, female CFHB rats fed on theoretically isoenergetic diets containing known amounts of fructose in combination with either maize-oil fatty acids or maize oil and two concentrations of casein. There was no obvious development of M. dubius when there was no fructose in the host's diet. In contrast, estimated consumption by the host of as little as about 2 g of fructose during the 5-week infection period was accompanied by marked sexual dimorphism and weight gain in most of the M. dubius present. The dry weights of M. dubius of both sexes were positively correlated with fructose concentrations ranging from 0 to 2·5 % (w/w) in the diets containing fatty acids. Significant, but not substantial, increases in M. dubius dry weight were observed as the dietary fructose concentration was raised to 12 % (w/w). Similar trends were observed when the fructose was offered to the infected rats with maize oil, but in general, fructose added to the fatty-acid based diets supported most M. dubius growth. Differences in the distribution pattern of the worms in rats fed on the fatty-acid or maize-oil based diets were observed and their possible significance is discussed.

Comparison of different dietary sugars as inducers of intestinal sugar transporters

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (4) ◽  
pp. G574-G584 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Solberg ◽  
J. M. Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Sugar Transport ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Sugar Transporters ◽  
Mouse Small Intestine ◽  
Dietary Fructose ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
Dietary Sugars

Intestinal sugar transport increases with dietary carbohydrate levels, but the specific regulatory signals involved have been little studied. Hence we compared rations containing one of five sugars [D-glucose, D-galactose, 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (3-O-MG), D-fructose, and maltose] in their effects on brush-border uptake of five transported solutes (D-glucose, D-galactose, 3-O-MG, D-fructose, and L-proline) by everted sleeves of mouse small intestine. As confirmed by transepithelial potential difference (PD) measurements, there is a distinct fructose transporter that does not evoke a PD, along with one or more aldohexose transporters that do evoke a PD. Galactose and 3-O-MG rations cause a twofold increase in feeding rates, mucosal hyperplasia, and hence nonspecific increases in uptake per unit length of intestine for all transported solutes. Dietary fructose is by far the best specific inducer of the fructose transporter. The five dietary sugars are of fairly similar potency as specific inducers of aldohexose transport, but dietary galactose and fructose may be slightly more potent than glucose. Regulatory signals need not be transported substrates, or vice versa, and need not be metabolizable. Variation in uptake ratios of pairs of aldohexoses with ration and intestinal position suggest multiple aldohexose transporters of overlapping specificity, with different relative activities at different positions and with different susceptibilities to induction by different dietary sugars.

scholarly journals Dietary fructose v. glucose lowers ferrous-iron absorption in rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Brouwer ◽  
A. G. Lemmens ◽  
A. C. Beynenl
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
Dietary Fructose

The effect of dietary fructose v. glucose on Fe solubility in the small intestine and apparent Fe absorption was studied in rats. Female rats were fed for 4 weeks on low-Fe (10 mg Fe/kg) or normal-Fe (40 mg Fe/kg) diets containing either fructose or glucose (709·4 g monosaccharide/kg). Fe was added to the diets in the form of FeSO4. The low-Fe diets did not lower levels of haemoglobin and packed cell volume, but significantly lowered Fe concentration and Fe mass in the liver, kidney and spleen. Fructose v. glucose also lowered Fe concentrations in these organs, but did not alter absolute Fe contents. Low Fe intake reduced the amount of Fe in the intestinal lumen. The total amount of Fe and Fe concentration in the liquid phase of the proximal intestinal lumen were depressed by fructose irrespective of Fe intake. Fructose also lowered the amount of Fe in the liquid phase of the distal intestine. In keeping with these observations, dietary fructose significantly lowered apparent absorption of Fe at the two levels of Fe intake. Decreasing the intake of Fe raised the percentage of apparent Fe absorption.

scholarly journals Fructose-responsive genes in the small intestine of neonatal rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Lin Cui ◽  
Patricia Soteropoulos ◽  
Peter Tolias ◽  
Ronaldo P. Ferraris
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Mrna Abundance ◽  
Metabolic Intermediate ◽  
Gluconeogenic Enzymes ◽  
Fructose Metabolism ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphatase ◽  
Dietary Fructose

The intestinal brush border fructose transporter GLUT5 (SLC2A5) typically appears in rats after weaning is completed. However, precocious consumption of dietary fructose or in vivo perfusion for 4 h of the small intestine with high fructose (HF) specifically stimulates de novo synthesis of GLUT5 mRNA and protein before weaning is completed. Intermediary signals linking the substrate, fructose, to GLUT5 transcription are not known but should also respond to fructose perfusion. Hence, we used microarray hybridization and RT-PCR to identify genes whose expression levels change during HF relative to high-glucose (HG) perfusion. Expression of GLUT5 and NaPi2b, the intestinal Na+-dependent phosphate transporter, dramatically increased and decreased, respectively, with HF perfusion for 4 h. Expression of >20 genes, including two key gluconeogenic enzymes, glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, also increased markedly, along with fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase, an enzyme unique to fructose metabolism and regulating fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activity. GLUT5 and G6P mRNA abundance, which increased dramatically with HF relative to HG, α-methylglucose, and normal Ringer perfusion, may be tightly and specifically linked to changes in intestinal luminal fructose but not glucose concentrations. G6P but not GLUT5 mRNA abundance increased after just 20 min of HF perfusion. This cluster of gluconeogenic enzymes and their common metabolic intermediate fructose-6-phosphate may regulate fructose metabolism and GLUT5 expression in the small intestine.

scholarly journals The Small Intestine Converts Dietary Fructose into Glucose and Organic Acids

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-361.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cholsoon Jang ◽  
Sheng Hui ◽  
Wenyun Lu ◽  
Alexis J. Cowan ◽  
Raphael J. Morscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Dietary Fructose

Electron probe x-ray microanalysis and electron microscopy of amino acid absorption and transport by the small intestine: inhibition by chemical poisons and correlation to the elemental composition of the epithelial cells

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
A. J. Tousimis
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Isotope Labeling ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Transport Studies

The elemental composition of amino acids is similar to that of the major structural components of the epithelial cells of the small intestine and other tissues. Therefore, their subcellular localization and concentration measurements are not possible by x-ray microanalysis. Radioactive isotope labeling: I131-tyrosine, Se75-methionine and S35-methionine have been successfully employed in numerous absorption and transport studies. The latter two have been utilized both in vitro and vivo, with similar results in the hamster and human small intestine. Non-radioactive Selenomethionine, since its absorption/transport behavior is assumed to be the same as that of Se75- methionine and S75-methionine could serve as a compound tracer for this amino acid.

The protease phenotype and crystalline nature of the granules of intraepithelial mast cells in Trichinella spiralis-infected mice

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 818-819
Author(s):  
D.S. Friend ◽  
N. Ghildyal ◽  
M.F. Gurish ◽  
K.F. Austen ◽  
R.L. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Carboxypeptidase A ◽  
C3h Mice ◽  
Granule Morphology ◽  
Crystalline Nature

Trichinella spiralis induces a profound mastocytosis and eosinophilia in the small intestine of the infected mouse. Mouse mast cells (MC) store in their granules various combinations of at least five chymotryptic chymases [designated mouse MC protease (mMCP) 1 to 5], two tryptic proteases designated mMCP-6 and mMCP-7 and an exopeptidase, carboxypeptidase A (mMC-CPA). Using antipeptide, protease -specific antibodies to these MC granule proteases, immunohistochemistry was done to determine the distribution, number and protease phenotype of the MCs in the small intestine and spleen 10 to >60 days after Trichinella infection of BALB/c and C3H mice. TEM was performed to evaluate the granule morphology of the MCs between intestinal epithelial cells and in the lamina propria (mucosal MCs) and in the submucosa, muscle and serosa of the intestine (submucosal MCs).As noted in the table below, the number of submucosal MCs remained constant throughout the study. In contrast, on day 14, the number of MCs in the mucosa increased ~25 fold. Increased numbers of MCs were observed between epithelial cells in the mucosal crypts, in the lamina propria and to a lesser extent, between epithelial cells of the intestinal villi.

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