A General Surface Swelling‐Induced Electroless Deposition Strategy for Fast Fabrication of Copper Circuits on Various Polymer Substrates

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (14) ◽  
pp. 1700052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyan Sun ◽  
Lijing Zhang ◽  
Shengyang Tao ◽  
Yongxian Yu ◽  
Sijie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electroless Deposition ◽  
Polymer Substrates ◽  
General Surface

Microstructural changes of Aluminum Nitride after laser irradiation and electroless copper deposition

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
S. Cao ◽  
A. J. Pedraza ◽  
L. F. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Nitride ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Electroless Deposition ◽  
Thermal Evaporation ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Laser Patterning ◽  
Electroless Copper ◽  
Excimer Laser Irradiation ◽  
Laser Effect

Excimer-laser irradiation strongly modifies the near-surface region of aluminum nitride (AIN) substrates. The surface acquires a distinctive metallic appearance and the electrical resistivity of the near-surface region drastically decreases after laser irradiation. These results indicate that Al forms at the surface as a result of the decomposition of the Al (which has been confirmed by XPS). A computer model that incorporates two opposing phenomena, decomposition of the AIN that leaves a metallic Al film on the surface, and thermal evaporation of the Al, demonstrated that saturation of film thickness and, hence, of electrical resistance is reached when the rate of Al evaporation equals the rate of AIN decomposition. In an electroless copper bath, Cu is only deposited in laser-irradiated areas. This laser effect has been designated laser activation for electroless deposition. Laser activation eliminates the need of seeding for nucleating the initial layer of electroless Cu. Thus, AIN metallization can be achieved by laser patterning followed by electroless deposition.

Comparison of corrosion resistance properties of Ni-P and Ni-W-P coatings obtained by electroless deposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
A.B. Drovosekov
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Electroless Deposition ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Electrochemical Activity ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
Damage Degree ◽  
Lower Porosity ◽  
Electroless Coatings

Corrosion resistance properties, such as porosity, stability in the atmosphere of NaCl mist, and anodic electrochemical activity in a sulfuric acid solution are studied and compared for Ni-W-P and Ni-P coatings obtained by electroless deposition. The studied coatings were obtained from solutions with glycine as the main ligand and contained 10.2 to 15.6 at.% of phosphorus and up to 3.3 at.% of tungsten. It is shown that Ni-W-P coatings with a tungsten content of 2.3 to 3.3 at.% and a thickness of 15 μm have a significantly lower porosity as compared with nickel-phosphorus coatings of the same thickness. Also, significantly better stability of Ni-W-P coatings in a NaCl mist atmosphere was observed, their corrosion damage degree is less than that of Ni-P coatings, and relatively little depends on the duration of exposure in a corrosive environment. Analysis of anodic polarization curves showed an almost similar electrochemical activity upon dissolution of Ni-P and Ni-W-P coatings in sulfuric acid. Both these types of electroless coatings showed a markedly better tendency to anodic dissolution than pure nickel. Taking into account the obtained experimental data, a conclusion is made as to the better protective characteristics of Ni-W-P coatings in comparison with nickel-phosphorus coatings. The main reason of the inferior protective properties of Ni-P coatings is their relatively high porosity.

O curso de Geografia Física de Immanuel Kant (1724-1804): uma contribuição para a história e a epistemologia da ciência geográfica

GEOgraphia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Alexandre Domingues Ribas ◽  
Antonio Carlos Vitte
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Epistemic Justification ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Transcendental Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Reflection ◽  
General Surface ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Modern Geography

Resumo: Há um relativo depauperamento no tocante ao nosso conhecimento a respeito da relação entre a filosofia kantiana e a constituição da geografia moderna e, conseqüentemente, científica. Esta relação, quando abordada, o é - vezes sem conta - de modo oblíquo ou tangencial, isto é, ela resta quase que exclusivamente confinada ao ato de noticiar que Kant ofereceu, por aproximadamente quatro décadas, cursos de Geografia Física em Königsberg, ou que ele foi o primeiro filósofo a inserir esta disciplina na Universidade, antes mesmo da criação da cátedra de Geografia em Berlim, em 1820, por Karl Ritter. Não ultrapassar a pueril divulgação deste ato em si mesma só nos faz jogar uma cortina sobre a ausência de um discernimento maior acerca do tributo de Kant àfundamentação epistêmica da geografia moderna e científica. Abrir umafrincha nesta cortina denota, necessariamente, elucidar o papel e o lugardo “Curso de Geografia Física” no corpus da filosofia transcendental kantiana. Assim sendo, partimos da conjectura de que a “Geografia Física” continuamente se mostrou, a Kant, como um conhecimento portador de um desmedido sentido filosófico, já que ela lhe denotava a própria possibilidade de empiricização de sua filosofia. Logo, a Geografia Física seria, para Kant, o embasamento empírico de suas reflexões filosóficas, pois ela lhe comunicava a empiricidade da invenção do mundo; ela lhe outorgava a construção metafísica da “superfície da Terra”. Destarte, da mesma maneira que a Geografia, em sua superfície geral, conferiu uma espécie de atributo científico à validação do empírico da Modernidade (desde os idos do século XVI), a Geografia Física apresentou-se como o sustentáculo empírico da reflexão filosófica kantiana acerca da “metafísica da natureza” e da “metafísica do mundo”.THE COURSE OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF IMMANUEL KANT(1724-1804): CONTRIBUTION FOR THE GEOGRAPHICALSCIENCE HISTORY AND EPISTEMOLOGYAbstract: There is a relative weakness about our knowledge concerningKant philosophy and the constitution of modern geography and,consequently, scientific geography. That relation, whenever studied,happens – several times – in an oblique or tangential way, what means thatit lies almost exclusively confined in the act of notifying that Kant offered,for approximately four decades, “Physical Geography” courses inKonigsberg, or that he was the first philosopher teaching the subject at anyCollege, even before the creation of Geography chair in Berlin, in 1820, byKarl Ritter. Not overcoming the early spread of that act itself only made usthrow a curtain over the absence of a major understanding about Kant’stribute to epistemic justification of modern and scientific geography. Toopen a breach in this curtain indicates, necessarily, to lighten the role andplace of Physical Geography Course inside Kantian transcendentalphilosophy. So, we began from the conjecture that Physical Geography hasalways shown, by Kant, as a knowledge carrier of an unmeasuredphilosophic sense, once it showed the possibility of empiricization of hisphilosophy. Therefore, a Physical Geography would be, for Kant, theempirics basis of his philosophic thoughts, because it communicates theempiria of the world invention; it has made him to build metaphysically the“Earth’s surface”. In the same way, Geography, in its general surface, hasgiven a particular tribute to the empiric validation of Modernity (since the16th century), Physical Geography introduced itself as an empiric basis toKantian philosophical reflection about “nature’s metaphysics” and the“world metaphysics” as well.Keywords: History and Epistemology of Geography, Physical Geography,Cosmology, Kantian Transcendental Philosophy, Nature.

scholarly journals 2.45 GHz Patch Antenna Based on Thermoplastic Polymer Substrates

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Hanani Manab ◽  
Elfarizanis Baharudin ◽  
Fauziahanim Che Seman ◽  
Alyani Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Thermoplastic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Substrates
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