scholarly journals Tissue Engineering: Full‐Scale Osteochondral Regeneration by Sole Graft of Tissue‐Engineered Hyaline Cartilage without Co‐Engraftment of Subchondral Bone Substitute (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2/2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2070004
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Nie ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Yon Jin Chuah ◽  
Wenzhen Zhu ◽  
Yvonne Peck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Osteochondral Regeneration

Regeneration of hyaline-like cartilage and subchondral bone simultaneously by poly(l-glutamic acid) based osteochondral scaffolds with induced autologous adipose derived stem cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 2628-2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunxi Zhang ◽  
Shiming He ◽  
Shifeng Yan ◽  
Guifei Li ◽  
Danqing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Osteochondral Tissue ◽  
Osteochondral Tissue Engineering

Osteochondral tissue engineering is challenged by the difficulty in the regeneration of hyaline cartilage and the simultaneous regeneration of subchondral bone.

scholarly journals Challenges and Innovations in Osteochondral Regeneration: Insights from Biology and Inputs from Bioengineering toward the Optimization of Tissue Engineering Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Pedro Morouço ◽  
Cristiana Fernandes ◽  
Wanda Lattanzi
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Joint Interface ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
High Level ◽  
Osteochondral Regeneration ◽  
Interconnected Pores ◽  
Radiographic Classification

Due to the extremely high incidence of lesions and diseases in aging population, it is critical to put all efforts into developing a successful implant for osteochondral tissue regeneration. Many of the patients undergoing surgery present osteochondral fissure extending until the subchondral bone (corresponding to a IV grade according to the conventional radiographic classification by Berndt and Harty). Therefore, strategies for functional tissue regeneration should also aim at healing the subchondral bone and joint interface, besides hyaline cartilage. With the ambition of contributing to solving this problem, several research groups have been working intensively on the development of tailored implants that could promote that complex osteochondral regeneration. These implants may be manufactured through a wide variety of processes and use a wide variety of (bio)materials. This review aimed to examine the state of the art regarding the challenges, advantages, and drawbacks of the current strategies for osteochondral regeneration. One of the most promising approaches relies on the principles of additive manufacturing, where technologies are used that allow for the production of complex 3D structures with a high level of control, intended and predefined geometry, size, and interconnected pores, in a reproducible way. However, not all materials are suitable for these processes, and their features should be examined, targeting a successful regeneration.

Artificial Osteochondral Interface of Bioactive Fibrous Membranes Mediating Calcified Cartilage Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengtao Liu ◽  
Xiurong Ke ◽  
Yuejun Yao ◽  
Fanghui Wu ◽  
Shuo Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Interface Region ◽  
Calcified Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Reconstruction ◽  
Fibrous Membranes

Calcified cartilage is a mineralized osteochondral interface region between the hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone, whereas there were few reported artificial biomaterials that could offer bioactivities for substantial reconstruction of...

Histological Features of Osteoarthritis in a State of Decompensation

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Timur B. Minasov ◽  
Ekaterina R. Yakupova ◽  
Dilmurod Ruziboev ◽  
Ruslan M. Vakhitov-Kovalevich ◽  
Ruslan F. Khairutdinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Social Significance

Degenerative pathology of the musculoskeletal system is one of the main reasons for decreased mobility in patients of the older age group. Increasing the life expectancy leads to predominance non-epidemic pathology in all developed countries. Therefore, degenerative diseases of musculoskeletal system have not only medical significance but also social significance. Objective is studying the morphological features of synovial environment of the decompensated osteoarthritic (OA) knee joint. Structural features of subchondral bone, hyaline cartilage of the femur and tibia, the articular capsule, menisci and ligamentous apparatus of the knee joint were studied in 64 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty at the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics Bashkirian State Medical University in the period from 2015 to 2020. Material selection, preparation of histological samples, staining with hematoxylin-eosin, microscopy was performed. Adaptive signs of articular cartilage of the femoral condyles manifest in the form of cartilage tissue rearrangement, which are most pronounced in the central zone of the cartilage. At the same time, the phenomena of decompensation and significant areas of destruction are noted. Also, the subchondral bone was replaced with connective tissue with subsequent sclerosis. This sclerosis subsequently led to the decompensation of structures of the hyaline cartilage in the deep and middle zones. Destructive and dystrophic processes were noted in the knee joint menisci. Articular cartilage was replaced with granulation tissue with subsequent invasion of blood vessels. Cruciate ligaments in patients with OA show signs of adaptation due to expansion of endothenonium layers between bundles of collagen fibers and an increase in the diameter of blood vessels.

scholarly journals Methods of Modification of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Conditions of Their Culturing for Hyaline Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1666
Author(s):  
Maria V. Shestovskaya ◽  
Svetlana A. Bozhkova ◽  
Julia V. Sopova ◽  
Mikhail G. Khotin ◽  
Mikhail S. Bozhokin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Biodegradable Scaffolds ◽  
Cartilage Extracellular Matrix

The use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for tissue engineering of hyaline cartilage is a topical area of regenerative medicine that has already entered clinical practice. The key stage of this procedure is to create conditions for chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs, increase the synthesis of hyaline cartilage extracellular matrix proteins by these cells and activate their proliferation. The first such works consisted in the indirect modification of cells, namely, in changing the conditions in which they are located, including microfracturing of the subchondral bone and the use of 3D biodegradable scaffolds. The most effective methods for modifying the cell culture of MSCs are protein and physical, which have already been partially introduced into clinical practice. Genetic methods for modifying MSCs, despite their effectiveness, have significant limitations. Techniques have not yet been developed that allow studying the effectiveness of their application even in limited groups of patients. The use of MSC modification methods allows precise regulation of cell culture proliferation, and in combination with the use of a 3D biodegradable scaffold, it allows obtaining a hyaline-like regenerate in the damaged area. This review is devoted to the consideration and comparison of various methods used to modify the cell culture of MSCs for their use in regenerative medicine of cartilage tissue.

Three-Dimensional Tissue Engineering of Hyaline Cartilage: Comparison of Adult Nasal and Articular Chondrocytes

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 817-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wa'el Kafienah ◽  
Marcel Jakob ◽  
Olivier Démarteau ◽  
Astrid Frazer ◽  
Michael D. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Articular Chondrocytes ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Three Dimensional

scholarly journals Annulus Fibrosus Can Strip Hyaline Cartilage End Plate from Subchondral Bone: A Study of the Intervertebral Disk in Tension

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Balkovec ◽  
Michael A. Adams ◽  
Patricia Dolan ◽  
Stuart M. McGill
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Annulus Fibrosus ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Intervertebral Disk ◽  
End Plate

An Injectable Hydrogel Scaffold With Kartogenin-Encapsulated Nanoparticles for Porcine Cartilage Regeneration: A 12-Month Follow-up Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (13) ◽  
pp. 3233-3244
Author(s):  
Wenqiang Yan ◽  
Xingquan Xu ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
Ziying Sun ◽  
Zhongyang Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Subchondral Bone Tissue

Background: Treatment of cartilage lesions is clinically challenging. A previous study demonstrated that a hyaluronic acid hydrogel ( m-HA) with kartogenin (KGN)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles ( m-HA+KGN treatment) achieved superior cartilage repair in a rabbit model. However, large animals serve as a bridge to translate animal outcomes into the clinic. Hypotheses: (1) m-HA+KGN treatment could facilitate hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone tissue repair in a porcine model. (2) Defect size and type (full-thickness chondral vs osteochondral) influence the therapeutic efficacy of m-HA+KGN treatment. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: 48 minipigs were randomized into 3 treatment groups: m-HA hydrogel with KGN-loaded PLGA nanoparticles ( m-HA+KGN treatment), m-HA hydrogel ( m-HA treatment), and untreated (blank treatment). Full-thickness chondral (6.5 mm or 8.5 mm in diameter) or osteochondral (6.5 mm or 8.5 mm in diameter; 5-mm depth) defects were prepared in the medial femoral condyle. At 6 and 12 months postoperatively, defect repair was assessed by macroscopic appearance, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), micro–computed tomography (µCT), and histologic and biomechanical tests. Results: The m-HA+KGN group exhibited superior gross and histological healing after evaluation at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Improved quality of the repaired cartilage demonstrated by MRI and better subchondral bone reconstruction assessed by µCT were observed in the m-HA+KGN group. The m-HA+KGN group showed more hyaline-like cartilage exhibited by histological staining in terms of extracellular matrix, cartilage lacuna, and type II collagen. The biomechanical properties were improved in the m-HA+KGN group. With m-HA+KGN treatment, defects with a diameter of 6.5 mm or full-thickness chondral-type defects possessed significantly higher ICRS macroscopic and histological scores compared with diameter 8.5 mm or osteochondral-type defects. Conclusion: (1) m-HA+KGN treatment facilitated hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone tissue repair in a porcine model at the 12-month follow-up. (2) m-HA+KGN treatment demonstrated better therapeutic efficacy in defects with a diameter of 6.5 mm or full-thickness chondral-type defects. Clinical Relevance: This study verified the efficacy of this innovative KGN release system on cartilage repair. The KGN release system can be injected into defect sites arthroscopically. This convenient and minimally invasive operation holds important prospects for clinical application.

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